Cardiovascular System
Esophageal Branch of Bronchial Branch of Thoracic Aorta
Ramus oesophagealis rami bronchialis aortae thoracicae descendentis
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The bronchial branches arising directly from the descending thoracic aorta, the superior and inferior bronchial branches, send esophageal branches to the esophagus. These are small shot vessels that descend along the thoracic part of the esophagus.
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Thoracic Aorta
Thoracic aortas from male and female offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia exhibited impaired endothelial cell function, thickening and fibrosis of intima, infiltration of inflammatory cells to the subendothelial space, and migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells to the intima [238].
