Nutrition and Aging

Nutrition and Aging

1st Edition - December 22, 1986

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  • Author: Martha L. Hutchinson
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323138673

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Description

Nutrition and Aging is a collection of papers presented at the Fifth Bristol-Myers Symposium on Nutrition Research, held in Boston, Massachusetts from October 31 to November 1, 1985. Contributors discuss the significant influence of nutrition on aging, and specifically the role of nutrition in preventing and limiting the physical, mental, and emotional problems associated with the aging process. This book reviews findings that include the effects of the aging process on the body's physiological functions and the effects of nutrient intake on organ function. Consideration is also given to the gap between the documented nutrient intake and nutrient needs of the elderly as it may influence the aging process. The first chapter is a brief overview of the variety of problems that have to be resolved in determining the role of nutrition in aging. The discussion then turns to the relationship of nutrition to changes in physiological function during the aging process, along with factors that influence the nutrient needs of the elderly. The final chapters focus on the impact of nutrition on the etiology of age-related degenerative diseases. This book will be of interest to scientists as well as students and researchers engaged in nutrition research and its growing importance to the prevention and treatment of disease.

Table of Contents


  • Contributors

    Editor's Foreword

    Foreword

    Preface

    1 Aging and Nutrition: A Multifaceted Problem

    I. Introduction

    II. Age-Related Changes in Body Composition and Metabolism

    III. Aging and Tissue Function

    IV. Nutrient Needs and Intakes of the Elderly

    V. Factors in the Nutritional Status of the Elderly

    References

    2 Physiologic Interface of Aging and Nutrition

    I. Introduction

    II. Factors Affecting Expression of Disease in the Elderly

    III. Physiologie Changes Occurring with Advancing Age

    IV. Summary

    References

    3 Nutrition and Organ Function in a Cohort of Aging Men

    I. Introduction

    II. The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging

    III. Physiological Functions

    IV. Conclusions

    References

    4 Impact of Aging and Nutrition on Human Skin: Studies at the Cellular Level

    I. Introduction

    II. Clinical Aspects of Skin Aging

    III. In Vitro Studies of Skin Aging and Nutritional Requirements

    IV. Conclusions

    References

    5 Vitamin D Synthesis by the Aging Skin

    I. Introduction: Consequences of Bone Disease in the Aged

    II. Historical Perspective

    III. Production of Vitamin D in the Skin

    IV. Metabolism of Vitamin D

    V. Vitamin D Nutrition in the Aged

    VI. Effect of Aging on the Capacity of the Skin to Produce Vitamin D3

    VII. Recommendations for Maintaining Vitamin D Nutrition for the Elderly

    VIII. Conclusions

    References

    6 Implications of Gastric Atrophy for Vitamin and Mineral Nutriture

    I. Introduction

    II. Physiologic Consequences of Atrophic Gastritis

    III. Vitamin B12

    IV. Folic Acid

    V. Iron

    VI. Calcium

    VII. Other Micronutrients

    References

    7 Trace Elements and the Needs of the Elderly

    I. Introduction

    II. Definition of Requirement and Recommended Intake

    III. The Present State of Knowledge Pertaining to Mineral Requirements of the Elderly

    IV. Efficiency of Intestinal Absorption

    V. Determination of Requirements for Mineral Elements in the Elderly

    VI. The Categories of Mineral Elements

    VII. Interactions

    VIII. Conclusions

    References

    8 Role of Dietary Antioxidants in Aging

    I. Introduction

    II. Free Radical Theory of Aging

    III. Antioxidant Defense Systems

    IV. Age-Related Alterations in Antioxidant Protection

    V. Life Span Modification by Dietary Antioxidants

    VI. Role of Dietary Antioxidants in Degenerative Conditions

    VII. Role of Dietary Antioxidants in Immune Function

    VIII. Conclusions

    References

    9 Aging Animal Models for the Study of Drug-Nutrient Interactions

    I. Introduction

    II. Basic Aspects of Aging

    III. Major Animal Groups for Research on Aging

    IV. Drug-Nutrient Interactions in the Elderly

    V. Aging and Drug Effects in Animal Models

    VI. Drug-Nutrient Interactions in Animal Models

    VII. Conclusions

    References

    10 Biochemical Assessment of Vitamin Status in the Elderly: Effects of Dietary Supplemental Intakes

    I. Introduction

    II. Dietary Intake Measurements

    III. Vitamin Measurements

    IV. Vitamin Assessment in a Healthy Elderly Population

    V. Conclusion

    References

    11 Effectiveness of Nutrition Intervention Programs for the Elderly

    I. Introduction

    II. Title III Nutrition Program for Older Americans

    III. Food Stamp Program

    IV. Other Programs

    V. Conclusion

    References

    12 The Elderly Alcoholic: Experience with Baltimore Veterans and Private Alcoholism Patients over Age

    I. Introduction

    II. Prevalence of Alcoholism

    III. Amount of Alcohol Ingested

    IV. Duration of Alcoholism

    V. Diseases Produced by Alcoholism

    VI. Discussion

    References

    13 Exercise and Muscle Metabolism in the Elderly

    I. Introduction

    II. Factors Affecting Skeletal Muscle Mass

    III. Morphological Changes in Skeletal Muscle

    IV. Exercise and Protein Metabolism in Muscle

    V. Muscle Metabolism and Aging

    VI. Summary

    References

    14 Aging of Rats: The Roles of Food Restriction and Exercise

    I. Effects of Food Restriction in Rodents

    II. Effects of Exercise on Longevity

    References

    15 Nutritional Factors in Age-Related Osteoporosis

    I. The Problem of Osteoporosis

    II. Determinants of Bone Mass

    III. Calcium

    IV. Phosphate

    V. Protein

    VI. Vitamin D

    VII. Summary and Conclusion

    References

    16 Significance of Vitamin D in Age-Related Bone Disease

    I. Introduction

    II. The Vitamin D Endocrine System

    III. Osteomalacia and Osteoporosis

    IV. Aging and Vitamin D Metabolism and Function

    V. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

    VI. Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with l,25-(OH)2D3

    VII. Summary

    References

    17 Diet, Immunity, and Longevity

    I. Introduction

    II. Initial Investigations in Mice, Rats, and Guinea Pigs of Protein and Calorie Malnutrition and Immune Functions

    III. Zinc and Immunity

    IV. Influence of Nutrition on Immunologic Involution and Susceptibility to Diseases of Aging in Inbred Mice

    V. Dietary Constituents Crucial to Inhibition of Autoimmunity and Nephritis

    VI. Breast Cancer in Mice

    VII. Conclusions and Future Studies

    References

    18 Nutrition and the Aging Hematopoietic System

    I. Introduction

    II. Effect of Age on Normal Bone Marrow Function

    III. Effect of Age on Hematopoiesis in Man

    IV. Epidemiologic Evidence Implicating Nutrition in the Anemia of the Elderly

    V. Role of Nutrition in Age-Related Changes in Hematopoiesis in Animals

    VI. Hematopoietic Manifestations of Protein-Calorie Malnutrition in the Elderly

    VII. Potential Age-Nutrition-Hematopoietic Interactions

    VIII. Conclusion

    References

    19 Nutrition and the Aging Cardiovascular System

    I. Introduction

    II. Risk Factors and Aging

    III. Secular Trends in Nutrition-Related Risk Factors

    IV. Summary

    References

    Index








Product details

  • No. of pages: 287
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Academic Press 1986
  • Published: December 22, 1986
  • Imprint: Academic Press
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323138673

About the Author

Martha L. Hutchinson

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