Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services

Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services provides the latest on the trend to a more product-centered and service-centered practice, eschewing traditional economic evaluation techniques that focus on product-to-product comparisons in favor of evaluating processes that measure costs and health outcomes.

Complete with examples focusing on best practices, including various study designs, types of pharmacy services, and types of outcomes being evaluated, the book emphasizes case studies and examples that help readers understand economic evaluation techniques. Many of these techniques are transferable across countries, especially where there are advanced and stable health systems in place. With the help of this practical guide, readers will gain a thorough understanding of the application of economic evaluation of pharmacy services.

• Delivers a practical guide for conducting economic evaluations of hospital and community pharmacy services
• Documents the literature around health economic evaluation and innovative pharmacy services
• Guides the development of a standardized health economic evaluation tool to evaluate these services

Upper-division undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals in health economics, healthcare administration, and pharmacy outcomes programs

Chapter 1. An Introduction to Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programs

• Abstract
• Rationale for Economic Evaluation
• Economic Evaluation: Costs, Outcomes, Techniques
• Economic Evaluation: Methodological Issues and Recent Developments
• Economic Evaluation and Pharmacy Services
• References

Chapter 2. Economic Evaluation of Community and Hospital Pharmacy Services: An Introductory Review

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Chapter 3. Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services: Review of Studies From Asia, Africa, and South America

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Analysis, Findings, and Discussion
• Limitations of Studies in South America, Africa, Middle East, East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia
• Recommendations
• What This Chapter Adds?
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgment
• References

Chapter 4. Economic Evaluation and Its Types

• Abstract
• Introduction
• The Logic of Health Economics and Economic Evaluation
• Economic Evaluation
• Measuring Costs
• Measuring Outcomes
• Combining Costs and Outcomes Using Incremental Analysis
• Decision Rules
• Types of Economic Evaluations
• Summary
• References
• Further Reading

Chapter 5. Design Principles for Economic Evaluations in Pharmacy

• Abstract
• Introduction
• The Economic Decision Problem
• Population
• Intervention
• Comparator
• Outcome (the Maximand)
• Partial Versus Full Economic Evaluation
• Choosing an Evaluation Approach
• Which Costs Are Relevant?
• Trial-Based Versus Modeled Evaluation
• The Importance of Best Practice Guidelines
• Conclusions
• References

Chapter 6. Steps in Conducting an Economic Evaluation

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services
• Steps in Conducting an Economic Evaluation
• Case Studies
• Conclusions
• Glossary of Terms
• Test Your Knowledge
• References

Chapter 7. Evaluation of the Community Pharmacist-led Anticoagulation Management Service (CPAMS) Pilot Program in New Zealand

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Background
• Development of the Project
• Aims of the Community Pharmacist-led Anticoagulation Management Services (CPAMS) Evaluation
• Design of CPAMS
• Effectiveness and Safety of CPAMS
• Acceptability of the Service
• Cost–Benefit Analysis
• Conclusion
• References

Chapter 8. Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services in Portugal

• Abstract
• Brief Overview of Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services in Portugal
• Literature Review of Economic Evaluation of Pharmacy Services in Portugal
• A Collaborative Care Pilot Project Between Pharmacies and NHS: Economic Evaluation Alongside a Trial
• Future Developments
• Final Remarks
• Project USFARMÁCIA
• Acknowledgments
• Conflict of Interest Statement
• References

Chapter 9. Economic Evaluation of Pharmacist-Managed Warfarin Therapy: A Review of Studies

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusions
• References
• Appendix A Search Strategies

Chapter 10. Economic Evaluation of a Medicines Management Model in New Zealand: A Proposal

• Abstract
• Background
• Aim and Objectives
• Proposed Research Design and Methods
• Research Impact
• Acknowledgment
• References