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Wind Forces in Engineering
- 2nd Edition - January 1, 1978
- Author: Peter Sachs
- Language: English
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 4 8 3 5 - 9
Wind Forces in Engineering, Second Edition covers the various aspects, principles, and engineering applications of wind forces. This book is composed of 10 chapters and starts… Read more
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Request a sales quoteWind Forces in Engineering, Second Edition covers the various aspects, principles, and engineering applications of wind forces. This book is composed of 10 chapters and starts with an introduction to the history of wind forces. The subsequent chapters consider the wind speeds for various topographies; particular "shape factors" for general and special structures; oscillatory wind forces of a random or single-frequency type; and the dynamic response of structures to oscillatory wind forces. Other chapters deal with specific structures, such as buildings, bridges, towers, radar antennas, for static and dynamic wind loadings. The final chapter provides the Code of Practice which has been republished since 1972, including those for Australia, Canada, Great Britain and the U.S.A. These codes do not provide similar responses and are all essentially in a transitional state between the old static force concept and an improved statistical analysis to be based on more experimental evidence. This book will prove useful to engineers and researchers.
Preface to the Second Edition
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1. Past and Present
1.2. Basic Considerations
1.3. History
1.4. Thesis
1.5. Principal Sources of Information
1.6. Terminology
Chapter 2 Wind Data
2.1. Air Movement
2.2. Wind Measurement
2.3. Wind-speed Measurements
2.3.1. Wind-speed Estimation
2.3.2. Short-term Measurements
2.3.3. Anemographs
2.3.4. Gust records
2.4. Wind Data Obtained
2.4.1. Non-continuous Records
2.4.2. Continuous Records
2.4.3. Short-term Records
2.4.4. Extreme Data
2.4.5. Gust Factor�winds of Various Mean Periods
2.5. Maxima for Non-recorded Sites
2.6. Tropical Storms and Tornadoes
2.6.1. Tropical Storms
2.6.2. Mixed Storm Conditions
2.6.3. Tornadoes
2.7. Wind-speed Variation with Height
2.8. Miscellaneous Effects
2.9. Design Requirements
Chapter 3 Basic Shape Factors
3.1. Shape Factors
3.1.1. Separation
3.1.2. Model Laws
3.1.3. Force and Moment System
3.2. Pressure Distributions
3.2.1. Flat Plates
3.2.2. Rectangular Blocks
3.2.3. Spheres and Cylinders
3.3. Forces on Basic Shapes
3.3.1. Aspect Ratio
3.3.2. Drag factors
3.3.3. Interference Effects
3.3.4. Roughness Effects
3.4. Trusses
3.4.1. Masts and Towers
3.4.2. Other Factors
3.5.Meshes
3.6. Moments
3.6.1. Area Moments
3.6.2. Pressure Moments
3.6.3. Aerodynamic Moments
3.6.4. Moments on a Rotating Structure
3.7. Other Force and Moment Data
Chapter 4 Wind-tunnel Techniques
4.1. Wind-tunnels
4.1.1. Closed-jet Tunnels
4.1.2. Open-jet Tunnels
4.1.3. Wind-tunnel Fittings
4.1.4. Wind-flow Patterns
4.2. Models
4.2.1. Model Mountings
4.2.2 Model Laws
4.3. Wind-tunnel Conventions
4.4. Measurement Corrections
4.4.1. General
4.4.2. Model Interference on the Measurement of Air Velocity
4.4.3. Wall Constraint Corrections
4.4.4. Blockage Corrections in Closed Wind-tunnel
4.4.5. Blockage Corrections for Open-jet Tunnels
4.5. Wind-tunnel Measurements and Calculations
4.5.1. Rigid Models�forces and Moments
4.5.2. Rigid Models�pressure Tests
4.5.3. Rotating Models�moments
4.5.4. Rigid Models�oscillatory Tests
4.5.5. Flexible (aeroelastic) Models
4.6. Random Turbulence and Excitation
Chapter 5 Dynamic Effects
5.1. Basic Considerations
5.2. Rigid Structures�Single-frequency Excitation
5.3. Single-frequency Excitations
5.3.1. Vortex Oscillations
5.3.2. Suppression of Vortex Excitation
5.3.3. Experimental Analysis
5.3.4. Galloping Oscillations
5.4. Flutter
5.5. Rigid Structures�Random Excitation
5.5.1. Maximum Response Amplitude
5.5.2. Analysis of Random Excitation
5.5.3. Randomly Fluctuating Eddy Effects
5.6. Flexible Structures (multi-degree-offreedom Systems)
5.6.1. Lagrange's Equation
5.6.2. Deflections, Stresses and Bending Moments
5.6.3. Discrete Vortex Excitation of a Flexible Structure
5.6.4. Random Vortex Excitation of a Flexible Structure
5.6.5. Random Gust Excitation of a Flexible Structure
5.7. Fatigue Loading
Chapter 6 Bridges
6.1. Static Forces
6.1.1. Plate-girder Construction
6.1.2. Truss Construction
6.2. Dynamic Forces
6.2.1. Structural Characteristics
6.2.2. Damping
6.3. Excitation
6.3.1. Complete Model Tests
6.3.2. Complete Model Test: Truss Bridge
6.3.3. Section Model Tests
6.3.4. Summary of Aerodynamic Instabilities
6.3.5. Erection Instabilities
6.4. Buffeting
Chapter 7 Buildings
7.1. Static Wind Effects
7.1.1. Tall Buildings
7.1.2. Long Low Buildings
7.1.3. Houses
7.1.4. Roofs
7.1.5.Cladding
7.1.6. Chimneys
7.1.7. Full-scale Effects
7.2. Dynamic Effects on Buildings
7.3. Design Procedure for Wind Forces on Buildings
7.4. Air-flow around Buildings
Chapter 8 Masts and Towers
8.1. Shape Factors
8.2. Mast and Tower Movement due to Gust Excitations
8.3. Non-gusting Excitation of Masts and Towers
8.3.1. Modal Shapes and Frequencies
8.3.2. Damping
8.3.3. Vortex Excitation
8.3.4. Full-scale Vortex Excitation
8.4. Miscellaneous Excitations
Chapter 9 Special Structures
9.1. Cables
9.1.1. Static Forces on Cables
9.1.2. Ice Formation on Cables
9.1.3.Oscillating Forces on Cables
9.1.4. Gust Excitation of Cables
9.1.5. Vortex Excitation of Cables
9.1.6. Galloping Excitation of Cables
9.1.7. Oscillations of Twin Conductors
9.2. Cooling Towers
9.3. Radar and Communications Aerials
9.3.1. Forces and Moments on Static Aerials
9.3.2. Lattice Aerials
9.3.3. Solid-surface Aerials
9.3.4. Gust Effects
9.3.5. Rotating Aerials
9.4. Radomes
Chapter 10 Codes of Practice
10.1. Wind-speed Regions
10.2. Topographical Factors
10.3. Wind Variation with Height
10.4. Ice and Snow Loads
10.5. Gust Effects
10.6. Shape Factors
10.7. Pressure Coefficients
10.8. Shielding Effects
10.9. Buildings, Roofs and Cladding
10.10. Cross-wind Effects
10.11. Chimneys, Tanks, etc.
10.12. Towers, Masts and Trusses
10.13. Tables from Reference 136
Appendixes
Appendix 1. Notation Used in Chapters 1-9
Appendix 2. Standard Aerodynamic and Conversion Data
Appendix 3. Characteristics of Wind-measuring Instruments
Appendix 4. Shelter Effects
References
Index
- No. of pages: 410
- Language: English
- Edition: 2
- Published: January 1, 1978
- Imprint: Pergamon
- eBook ISBN: 9781483148359
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