Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials

1st Edition - December 28, 1981
Editor: Edith Turi
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 1 8 8 - 8

Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book… Read more

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Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book is divided into nine chapters that specifically tackle the instrumentation, theory, and a wide variety of applications of thermal characterization. The introductory chapters provide an overview of all aspects of thermal analytical methods and apparatus and the theory underlying the basic principles of thermal analysis. These chapters also examine the theories and functions of state for thermometry, dilatometry, thermomechanical analysis, calorimetry, thermogravimetry. These topics are followed by a discussion on single-component and multicomponent systems and their phase transitions, as influenced by concentration, pressure, deformation, molecular weight, and copolymerization. The subsequent chapters explore the influence of important chemical and physical parameters on the glass transition, crystallization, and melting of thermoplastic materials. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer compatibility, phase separation, and miscibility in mixed polymer systems. This book further considers the thermal analysis in thermosets, elastomers, and fibers. The concluding chapters present the methods of obtaining information on the relative flammability properties of polymers, for screening fire retardant additives, and for studying the mechanism of flame inhibition. These chapters also look into the thermal analysis of antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and fire retardants. Polymer scientists and researchers will find this book invaluable.

List of Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1. Instrumentation

I. Introduction

II. Thermal Analysis Techniques

III. Thermogravimetry—the Thermobalance

IV. Commercial Thermobalances

V. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

VI. Commercial DTA and DSC Instruments

VII. Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA)

VIII. Evolved Gas Detection and Evolved Gas Analysis

IX. Miscellaneous Thermal Analysis Techniques

X. Conclusions

References

Chapter 2. The Basis of Thermal Analysis

I. Introduction

II. The Microscopic Structure of Materials

III. The Macroscopic Description of Materials

IV. Characterization of One-Component Systems

V. Characterization of Multicomponent Systems

VI. Conclusions

VII. Recommendations

References

Chapter 3. Thermoplastic Polymers

I. Introduction

II. Material Classification and Relevant Chemical and Physical Parameters to the Thermal Behavior of Thermoplastics

III. Thermally Activated Processes and the Effect of Molecular and Morphological Parameters

IV. Thermal Behavior of Thermoplastics in Interactive and Degrading Environments

V. Typical Applications of Thermoanalytical Techniques

VI. Thermal and Complementary Techniques for Investigative Studies

VII. Special Topics

VIII. Conclusion

References

Chapter 4. Block Copolymers and Polyblends

I. Introduction

II. Block and Graft Copolymers

III. Polyblends

IV. Conclusion

References

Chapter 5. Thermosets

I. Introduction

II. Thermophysical Property Measurements

III. Effects of Catalysts, Fillers, Water, and Other Constituents

IV. Cure Kinetics from Dynamic Experiments

V. Specific Polymers: Chemistry and Trade Names

VI. Conclusions

References

Chapter 6. Elastomers

I. Introduction

II. Nomenclature

III. Experimental Considerations

IV. Analysis of Single-Elastomer Systems

V. Analysis of Elastomer Blends

VI. Block Polymers

VII. Analysis of Cure Characteristics

VIII. Evaluation of Vulcanizate Composition by TG and DTG

IX. Application of Thermal Analyses to Commercial Elastomer Systems

X. Thermal Analysis of Elastomer Systems: Status and Outlook

References

Chapter 7. Fibers

I. Introduction

II. Characterization of Fibers by TA

III. Specific Fibers

IV. Conclusions

References

Chapter 8. Thermal Analysis in Polymer Flammability

I. Introduction

II. Polymer Flammability

III. Thermal Analysis and Flammability Evaluation

IV. Conclusions

References

Chapter 9. Thermal Analysis of Additives in Polymers

I. Introduction

II. Protective Agents

III. Plasticizers

IV. Other Additives

V. Conclusion

References

List of Symbols

Conversion Table

Author Index

Subject Index