The Structure and Metabolism of the Pancreatic Islets

A Centennial of Paul Langerhans' Discovery

1st Edition - January 1, 1970
Editors: S. Falkmer, B. Hellman, I.-B. Täljedal
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 8 6 6 2 - 7

The Structure and Metabolism of the Pancreatic Islets: A Centennial of Paul Langerhans' Discovery is a collection of that presents the advancement in the field of pancreatic islet… Read more

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The Structure and Metabolism of the Pancreatic Islets: A Centennial of Paul Langerhans' Discovery is a collection of that presents the advancement in the field of pancreatic islet research, particularly in the area of biosynthesis and secretion of insulin. The title also serves as a commemorative material to Paul Langerhans' work. The text first covers the differentiation and growth of the endocrine pancreas, and then proceeds to tackling α- and ß-cells. Next, the selection deals with the glucose metabolism of the pancreatic islets. The text also discusses the biosynthesis and storage of insulin, along with insulin release. The seventh part details pancreatic islets and diabetes. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of medicine.

Preface

List of Participants

Opening Address

Paul Langerhans. A Memorial Lecture

Part I. Differentiation and Growth of the Endocrine Pancreas

Islet Cell Proliferation in Experimental and Genetic Diabetes

The Significance of Agranular and Ciliated Islet Cells

Present State of the Evidence for Mixed Endocrine and Exocrine Pancreatic Cells in Spiny Mice

Observations on the Type and Origin of the Hormone-producing Cells in the Zollinger-Ellison and Verner-Morrison Syndrome

Catecholamines in a Transplantable Islet-cell Tumor of the Golden Hamster

Comparison of Cultured and Transplanted Islets of the Guinea-pig

Mono-layer Culture of Pancreatic Islet Cells

Control of Endocrine Function in Organ Cultures of Fetal Rat Pancreas

Part II. Morphology and Physiology of the α-Cells

The Fine Structure of Pancreatic α-Cells Under Normal and Experimental Conditions

Intracellular "α-Granulolysis" in α-Cells of Diabetic Animals

The Cellular Origin of Pancreatic Glucagon

Isolation and Histochemical Characterization of Islet α-Cells

Mono-aminergic Mechanisms in the Pancreatic α-Cells

Regulation of Glucagon Release In Vivo

Glucagon Secretion in Normal Rats and Hamsters and in Hamsters with a Transplantable Islet Cell Tumor

Part III. Morphology of ß-Cell Function

Ultra-structural Aspects of the Function of Rabbit ß-Cells

The Mechanism of Emiocytic Insulin Release

Evidence for Different Modes of Insulin Secretion

Histochemical Evidence for a Sulfonylurea Effect on the Zinc Content of the Pancreatic Islets

Role of Sulfhydryl Compounds and Heavy Metals in the Synthesis and Storage of Insulin

Comparative Histochemical Studies of Mammalian Pancreatic Islets

Part IV. Glucose Metabolism of the Pancreatic Islets

Glucose Phosphorylation and Glucose Oxidation in Mouse Pancreatic Islets and the Release of Insulin

Glucose-6-Phosphatase in Pancreatic ß-Cell Metabolism

The Activity Pattern of Enzymes Associated with Glycogen Metabolism in the Islets of Langerhans

On the Functional Significance of the Pancreatic ß-Cell Glycogen

The Role of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Insulin Secretion

Photo-kinetic Measurements of the ATP and ADP Levels in Isolated Islets of Langerhans

Quantitative Enzyme Pattern and Insulin Content of Human Islets of Langerhans

Electrical Activity in Islet Cells

Oxygen Consumption of the ß-Cells in Relation to Insulin Release

Respiration of the ß-Cells in the Presence of Sulfonylureas

Part V. Biosynthesis and Storage of Insulin

Pro-insulin and Insulin Biosynthesis

Distribution and Radioactivity of Acid-Ethanol Soluble Protein, Pro-insulin, and Insulin in Sub-cellular Fractions from Islet Tissue of the Cod (Gadus Callarias)

Ribonucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis in Isolated Cod-fish Islets

Ribonucleic Acid Metabolism and Insulin Synthesis

Demonstration of Pro-insulin in the ß-Cells of Bovine Islets by a Specific Fluorescent Antibody

Preparation and Properties of Isolated Mammalian Insulin Storage Granules

Properties of Isolated ß-Granules in SuspensionKY

Part VI. Insulin Release

In Vitro Studies Suggesting a Two-compartmental Model for Insulin Secretion

Dynamics of Insulin Secretion: Comparison of Various In Vitro Preparations

Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Physiological Aspects of the Adenylcyclase-Phosphodiesterase System in the Pancreatic ß-Cells

Feedback Regulation of Insulin Secretion by Insulin: Role of 3',5'-Cyclic AMP

A Possible Role of the Pancreatic α1 and α2-Cells as Local Regulators of Insulin Secretion

Intestinal Hormones and Insulin Release and Biosynthesis

The Insulin-releasing Activity of Extracts of the Porcine Intestinal Tract

The Effect of Glucose on the Insulin Secretion in Foetal and Newborn Rats

Effects of Different Metabolites on the Storage and Release of Insulin by Duck Pancreas In Vitro

Ionic Mechanisms in the Regulation of Insulin Secretion

Part VII. Pancreatic Islets and Diabetes

Remarks on Pancreatic ß-Cells in Spontaneous and Experimental Diabetes in Small Laboratory Rodents

Insulin Synthesis and Secretion by Isolated Islets of Spontaneously Diabetic Chinese Hamsters

Pancreatic Glucagon Secretion

The Pancreatic ß-Cells in the Pathogenesis of Human Diabetes Mellitus

Part VIII. Summing up of the Conference

Summing up of the Conference

Index of Authors and Participants in the Discussions

Subject Index