The Liver
Morphology, Biochemistry, Physiology
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The Liver: Morphology, Biochemistry, Physiology, Volume I focuses on the advancement of knowledge on the liver under normal and pathological conditions, as revealed by morphological and physiological studies. The selection first offers information on the embryonic liver and anatomy of the liver, including morphology and physiology of the embryonic liver, histology of the liver, surgical segments, and vascular gross anatomy of the liver. The text then elaborates on the structure of the liver sinusoids and the sinusoidal cells and the cyto- and histochemistry of the liver. Topics include protein reactions, nucleic acids, glycogen, lipids, heavy metals, and morphological aspects of lining cells. The publication examines electron microscopy of the liver; acinar units and the pathophysiology of the liver; and dynamics of circulation in the liver. Discussions focus on oxygen transport and consumption in the liver; experimental alterations of the hepatic circulation; hexagonal pattern and the interdigitation of the afferent and efferent vascular trees; and simple liver acinus. The selection is a dependable source of data for morphologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and clinicians.
Table of Contents
Contributors
Preface
Contents of Volume II
1. The Embryonic Liver
I. Morphology
II. Embryonic Liver Physiology
References
2. Anatomy of the Liver
I. Histology of the Liver
II. Vascular Gross Anatomy of the Liver
III. Surgical Segments
References
3. The Structure of the Liver Sinusoids and the Sinusoidal Cells
I. Historical and Theoretical Considerations
II. Morphological Aspects of Lining Cells
III. The Basement Membrane and the "Space of Disse"
IV. Electron Microscopic Findings
References
4. Cyto- and Histochemistry of the Liver
I. Introduction
II. Nucleic Acids
III. Protein Reactions
IV. Glycogen
V. PAS-Positive Nonglycogenic Material
VI. Lipids
VII. Heavy Metals
VIII. Enzymatic Staining Reactions
IX. Discussion
References
5. Electron Microscopy of the Liver
I. Introduction
II. The Hepatic Cell
III. The Biliary Pathways
IV. The Blood Sinusoids, the Kupffer Cell, and the Perisinusoidal Space
References
6. Acinar Units and the Pathophysiology of the Liver
I. Historical Note on the Microlobulation of the Liver
II. Simple Liver Acinus
III. The Complex Liver Acinus and the Acinar Agglomerate
IV. Hexagonal Pattern and the Interdigitation of the Afferent and Efferent Vascular Trees
V. Pathways of Hepatic Circulation
VI. Lines and Patterns Deriving from the Acinar Units for the Orientation of Hepatic Lesions
VII. Functional Anatomical Interpretation of Classical Notions in Pathology
VIII. Common Lesions in the Structural and Functional Units of the Human Liver
IX. Summary
References
7. Dynamics of the Circulation in the Liver
I. Methodological Considerations
II. Results of Various Estimations of Hepatic Blood Flow
III. Oxygen Transport and Consumption in the Liver
IV. Hepatic Fractions of the Cardiac Output
V. Hepatic Circulation in Diseases of the Liver
VI. The Portal Pressure
VII. Experimental Alterations of the Hepatic Circulation
VIII. Concluding Remarks
References
8. The Cell Components of the Liver Isolation, Morphology, Biochemistry
I. Introduction
II. Isolation of Cell Components
III. Morphology of Isolated Fractions
IV. Biochemistry of Isolated Cell Components
V. Conclusions
VI. Appendix: Isolated Liver Cells
References
9. Metabolism of Amino Acids and Proteins
I. Introduction
II. General Picture of Amino Acid and Protein Metabolism
III. Free Amino Acid Levels: Concentration of Amino Acids by the Liver
IV. The Removal of Nitrogen as Ammonia from Amino Acids
V. Transamination of Amino Acids
VI. Other Mechanisms for the Removal of Nitrogen
VII. Urea Metabolism
VIII. Ammonia Metabolism
IX. Creatine-Creatinine Metabolism
X. Synthesis of Conjugates of Amino Acids
XI. Further Metabolism of Amino Acids
XII. Protein Metabolism
References
10. The Liver and Lipid Metabolism
I. Introduction: The General Role of the Liver
II. The Hepatic Lipids
III. Metabolism of the Fatty Acids
IV. The Synthesis and the Degradation of Phospholipids
V. The Liver and the Circulating Lipids
VI. The Liver and the Metabolism of Cholesterol
References
11. The Liver and Carbohydrate Metabolism
I. Introduction
II. Metabolism
III. Carbohydrate Metabolism and Hepatic Conjugation
IV. Energetics of Carbohydrate Metabolism
V. Mechanisms for the Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism
VI. Carbohydrate Metabolism as a Function of the Development State of the Organism
VII. Metabolic Diseases Due to Deficiencies in Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism
References
Author Index
Subject Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 696
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Academic Press 1963
- Published: January 1, 1963
- Imprint: Academic Press
- eBook ISBN: 9781483271750