The Cereal Rusts
Origins, Specificity, Structure, and Physiology
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The Cereal Rusts, Volume I: Origins, Specificity, Structure, and Physiology presents the historical, evolutionary, taxonomic, structural, genetic, and physiological characteristics of cereal rust fungi and the diseases they cause in cereal crops. The cereal rusts are potentially serious disease threats to cereal crops and have caused widespread losses in wheat, oats, barley, and related crops. This three-part volume brings together in a single reference source the accumulated knowledge, complex, challenging science of cereal rusts. The first chapters of this 16-chapter volume cover the pioneering contributions of early scientists to the knowledge of cereal rusts, the evolution of cereal rusts, and the taxonomy of cereal rust fungi. The book also examines the specificity of cereal rusts including formae speciales, race specificity, pathogen-host genetics, histology and molecular biology of host parasite specificity, and the genetics of rust fungus populations as reflected by virulence frequency. The text further discusses the structure and physiology aspects; the germination of urediospores and differentiation of infection structures; and the infection under artificial conditions. The ultrastructure of hyphae and urediospores; the development and physiology of teliospores; and the obligate parasitism and axenic culture of rust fungi are also explained. This volume also encompasses the structure and physiology of haustoria; structural and physiological alterations in susceptible hosts; and effects of rust on plant development in relation to nutrient translocation. Cereal rust investigators, plant pathologists, agronomists, agriculturalists, research biochemists, cytologists, geneticists, physiologists, taxonomists, epidemiologists, and pathologists will find this book invaluable.
Table of Contents
Contents
Contributors
Preface
Part I. Origins
1. Contributions of Early Scientists to Knowledge of Cereal Rusts
I. Introduction
II. Description and Taxonomy of Cereal Rust Fungi
III. Life Cycles and Cytology of Cereal Rust Fungi
IV. Epidemiology of Cereal Rusts
V. Resistance to Cereal Rusts
VI. Physiology of Cereal Rusts
VII. Books and a Newsletter of Special Significance
VIII. Epilogue—H. H. Flor (1900- )
References
2. Evolution at the Center of Origin
I. Introduction
II. Evolution of Cereal Rust Diseases
III. Concluding Remarks
References
3. Taxonomy of the Cereal Rust Fungi
I. Introduction
II. Methods of Study
III. Species Concepts in Rusts
IV. Rusts of Temperate (Festucoid) Cereals
V. Rusts of Maize (Zea mays)
VI. Rusts of Sorghum Species
VII. Rusts of Sugarcane
References
Part II. Specificity
4. The Formae Speciales
I. Definition and Historical Background
II. Host Range
III. The Alternate Host
IV. Crossings and Hybrids
V. Common Hosts and Somatic Hybridization
VI. Morphological Differences between Formae Speciales
VII. Evolution
VIII. Discussion and Conclusions
References
5. Race Specificity and Methods of Study
I. Introduction
II. Why Study Race Specificity?
III. History of Race Specificity
IV. Race Nomenclature
V. Source of Collections
VI. Importance of Type Cultures
VII. Single Uredium Isolates
VIII. Selection of Differential Hosts
IX. "Universal" Resistance Series
X. Prospects
References
6. Genetics of the Pathogen-Host Association
I. Introduction
II. The Origin of the Gene-for-Gene Concept
III. The Gene-for-Gene Model
IV. Categories of Genetic Interaction that Control Disease Development
V. Applications of Interorganismal Genetics
References
7. Histology and Molecular Biology of Host-Parasite Specificity
I. Introduction
II. Histology
III. Molecular Biology
IV. Present Trends, New Technology
References
8. Virulence Frequency Dynamics of Cereal Rust Fungi
I. Introduction
II. Virulence Dynamics Curve
III. Polygenic Nature of Fitness
References
Part III. Structure and Physiology
A. The Rust Fungus
9. Germination of Urediospores and Differentiation of Infection Structures
10. Controlled Infection by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici under Artificial Conditions
11. Developmental Ultrastructure of Hyphae and Spores
12. Development and Physiology of Teliospores
13. Obligate Parasitism and Axenic Culture
B. The Host—Parasite Interface
14. Structure and Physiology of Haustoria
C. The Rusted Host
15. Structural and Physiological Alterations in Susceptible
16. Effects of Rust on Plant Development in Relation to the Translocation of Inorganic and Organic Solutes
Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 566
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Academic Press 1984
- Published: May 1, 1984
- Imprint: Academic Press
- eBook ISBN: 9780323145824