Surgical Techniques of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Knee in Sports Medicine

3rd Edition - May 24, 2022
Editors: Brian J. Cole, Jorge Chahla
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 3 0 0 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 6 3 0 1 - 1

Ensure optimal outcomes from each shoulder, elbow, and knee sports medicine surgery with the consistent, step-by-step approach offered in this comprehensive reference. Surgical… Read more

Surgical Techniques of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Knee in Sports Medicine

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Ensure optimal outcomes from each shoulder, elbow, and knee sports medicine surgery with the consistent, step-by-step approach offered in this comprehensive reference. Surgical Techniques of the Shoulder, Elbow, and Knee in Sports Medicine, 3rd Edition, covers both open and arthroscopic surgeries, providing the expert guidance you need on everything from patient positioning, anatomy, relevant biomechanics and the latest orthopaedic surgery techniques, through pearls and pitfalls and post-operative care. Contributing authors are renowned sports medicine surgeons who equip you with a global perspective on the most recent orthopaedic advances.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Video contents
Contributors
Preface
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Part 1. The Shoulder
Section 1. The Basics
1. Patient positioning, portal placement, normal arthroscopic anatomy, and diagnostic arthroscopy
Patient positioning
Portal placement
Diagnostic arthroscopy and normal arthroscopic anatomy
Conclusion
References
2. Rehabilitation of the athlete’s shoulder
The orthopedic surgeon’s roles in rehabilitation
Guideline 1—proximal segment control
Guideline 2—scapular rehabilitation
Guideline 3—glenohumeral rehabilitation
Guideline 4—plyometric exercises
Guidelines for progression
Guidelines for return to play
Summary
References
3. Knot-tying and suture-passing techniques
Instrumentation
Suture passage
Knot types
Selected literature review
Summary
References
4. Arthroscopic subacromial decompression
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusions
References
5. Open and arthroscopic distal clavicle excision technique
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Summary
References
Section 2. Surgical Techniques for Shoulder Instability
6. Suture anchor fixation for anterior shoulder instability
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
7. Management of the throwing shoulder
Introduction
Pathology
Preoperative considerations
Nonoperative management
Operative management
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
8. First-time anterior shoulder dislocation: Decision-making and surgical techniques
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Physical exam
Imaging
Bone loss
Emergent treatment
Non-operative treatment
Operative treatment
Conclusions
References
9. Arthroscopic repair of posterior shoulder instability
Introduction
History
Signs and symptoms
Arthroscopic surgical technique
Complications
Results
References
10. Arthroscopic techniques to manage multidirectional instability of the shoulder
Introduction
Relevant anatomy
Presentation
Examination under anesthesia and setup
Portal placement
Labral preparation
Posterior anchor placement and capsulolabral plication
Anterior anchor placement and capsulolabral plication
Rotator interval closure
Posterior portal closure
Wound closure
References
11. Open repair for anterior shoulder instability
Introduction
Summary
Acknowledgement
References
12. Open repair of posterior shoulder instability
Background
Anatomy of posterior instability
References
13. Open repair of multidirectional shoulder instability
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
14. Arthroscopic remplissage for management of engaging and deep hill-sachs lesions
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
15. Managing bone loss on the humeral head
Introduction
Pre-operative consideration
Surgical technique
References
16. Coracoid transfer: The open latarjet procedure for the treatment of recurrent anterior inferior glenohumeral instability in patients with bone deficiency
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
Statement of acknowledgment
References
17. Arthroscopic latarjet procedure
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique for arthroscopic latarjet procedure after a failed bankart procedure11
Results
Postoperative considerations
Conclusion
References
18. Treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability associated with glenoid bone loss: Distal tibial allograft
Introduction
History
Physical examination
Imaging
Surgical indications
Surgical technique
Postoperative rehabilitation
Results
References
19. Treatment of recurrent anterior inferior instability associated with glenoid bone loss: Iliac crest
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
20. Treatment of combined bone defects of the humeral head and glenoid: Combined arthroscopic and open technique
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical techniques
Results
References
Section 3. Surgical Techniques of the Rotator Cuff
21. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: Single-row technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
22. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: Double-row and transosseous equivalent techniques
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Physical exam
Imaging
Indications
Contraindications
Surgical technique
Examination under anesthesia and diagnostic arthroscopy
Surgical steps
Postoperative considerations
Complications
Results
Conclusion
References
23. Arthroscopic subscapularis repair
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
24. Mini-open rotator cuff repair
Introduction
History
Physical exam
Imaging
Indications
Anesthesia and positioning
Surgical landmarks and incisions
Specific steps
Rehabilitation
Complications
Results
References
25. Tendon transfers for rotator cuff insufficiency
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
26. Arthroscopic management of massive rotator cuff tears: Superior capsule reconstruction
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Operative technique
Pearls and pitfalls
Rehabilitation protocol
Summary
References
27. Bridging reconstruction for massive rotator cuff tears
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Indications and contraindications
Surgical techniques
Postoperative considerations
Conclusions
References
28. Graft augmentation of rotator cuff repair
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Choice of graft
Surgical technique
Results
References
29. Biologics in rotator cuff repair
Introduction
Direct biological augmentation
Cell-mediated augmentation: Progenitor cells
Biomechanical augmentation
Systemic biologic factors
Conclusion
References
Section 4. Other Techniques of the Shoulder
30. Arthroscopic repair of superior labral anterior-posterior lesions
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
31. Arthroscopic and open decompression of the suprascapular nerve
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
32. Arthroscopic management of glenohumeral osteoarthritis
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
33. Arthroscopic capsular release for the treatment of stiff shoulder pathology
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
34. Arthroscopic and open management of scapulothoracic disorders in athletes
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique: Bursectomy and partial scapulectomy
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
35. Scapulothoracic fusion
Preoperative considerations
Surgical procedure
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
36. Biceps tenodesis: Arthroscopic techniques
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
37. Biceps tenodesis: Open techniques
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
References
38. Anatomic acromioclavicular joint reconstruction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical planning
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Suggested readings
References
39. Management of pectoralis major muscle injuries
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
40. Arthroscopic pectoralis minor tenotomy
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique (Video 40.1)
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
41. Nonarthroplasty options for glenohumeral arthritis and chondrolysis
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Nonsurgical
Specific surgical techniques and steps
Postoperative considerations
References
Part 2. The Elbow
Section 5. The Basics
42. General principles of elbow surgery
Introduction
Elbow anatomy and biomechanics
Principles of post-surgical elbow rehabilitation
References
43. Patient positioning and portal placement
Anesthesia
Positioning
Portal placement
References
Section 6. Surgical Techniques
44. Arthroscopic and open management of osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Nonoperative treatment
Operative treatment
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
45. Arthroscopy of the thrower’s elbow
Introduction
Biomechanics of throwing
Postoperative rehabilitation
Conclusions
References
46. Arthroscopic management of elbow stiffness and arthritis
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
47. Elbow synovitis, loose bodies, and posteromedial impingement
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
48. Arthroscopic management of lateral epicondylitis
Introduction
Indications and contraindications
Results
References
49. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction: The docking technique
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative management
Results
Summary
References
50. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction: The modified jobe technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
51. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction: The DANE technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Summary
References
52. Ulnar collateral ligament repair
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
53. Surgical treatment of posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Treatment
Surgical repair
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
54. Open elbow contracture release
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
55. Lateral and medial epicondylitis
Lateral epicondylitis
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Medial epicondylitis
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
56. Distal biceps brachii tendon repair
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Alternative techniques
Results
References
Part 3. The Knee
Section 7. The Basics
57. General principles
Introduction
Basic anatomy
Functional biomechanics
Physical exam
References
58. Patient positioning, portal placement, and normal arthroscopic anatomy
Identification
Anesthesia
Patient positioning
Examination under anesthesia
Arthroscopic equipment
Arthroscopy portals
Arthroscopic evaluation
Postoperative course
References
Section 8. Surgical Techniques of the Meniscus
59. Arthroscopic meniscectomy
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
60. Arthroscopic meniscus repair: Inside-out technique
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
61. Arthroscopic meniscus repair: Outside-in technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
62. Arthroscopic meniscus repair: All-inside technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Historical perspective
Postoperative rehabilitation
Results
References
63. Arthroscopic meniscus repair: Meniscal root repair
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Complications
Results
References
64. Meniscal allograft transplantation: Bridge-in-slot technique
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
65. Meniscal allograft transplantation: Dovetail technique
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical planning
Surgical technique
Postoperative care
Results
References
Suggested reading
66. Arthroscopic meniscal transplantation: Bone plug
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique (Video 66.1)
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
67. Meniscus substitution: The European perspective on scaffolds, allografts, and prosthetic implants
Meniscus scaffolds for the treatment of partial meniscus defects
Meniscus allografts for the treatment of large meniscus defects
Prosthetic polycarbonate-urethane meniscus implant for the treatment of medial meniscus deficiency
References
68. Meniscus regeneration with biologic or synthetic scaffolds
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
Section 9. Surgical Techniques of the Articular Cartilage
69. Primary repair of osteochondritis dissecans in the knee
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique (Video 69.1)
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusions
Acknowledgment
References
70. Osteonecrosis of the knee
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Treatment
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
71. Microfracture and microfracture plus techniques in the knee
Microfracture: Results
Microfracture: Surgical technique
Injective augmentation
Scaffold augmentation
References
72. Osteochondral autograft for cartilage lesions of the knee
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Indications and contraindications
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
73. Osteochondral allografting in the knee
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Special situations
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
74. Matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
75. Emerging techniques in management of cartilage injury of the knee
Introduction
Biological therapies for cartilage regeneration
Advanced marrow stimulation techniques
Cell-based techniques
Cell-free products
Scaffold-free products
Future directions
Summary
References
Section 10. Realignment Procedures
76. Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Imaging
Indications and contraindications
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Rehabilitation
Complications
Results
Conclusions
References
77. Lateral closing wedge high tibial osteotomy
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique (Box 77.1; Video 77.1)
Results
References
78. Tibial slope modifying osteotomies
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique (Box 78.1)
Results
References
Suggested readings
79. Varus-producing distal femoral osteotomy
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Imaging
Preoperative planning
Technique
Lateral opening-wedge DFO
Medial closing-wedge DFO
Postoperative rehabilitation
Results
Complications
Conclusion
References
Section 11. Surgical Techniques of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
80. Patellar tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
81. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
82. Quadriceps tendon harvest for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Post-operative considerations
Results
References
83. Allografts for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
84. Revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Special considerations—revision anterior cruciate ligament surgery with supplementation and revision of a double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Postoperative considerations
Outcomes
References
85. Anatomic anterior cruciate ligament concept: Single- and double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
86. All-inside anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Second-generation minimally invasive anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
All-inside ACL background: Rooted in technology
All-inside ACL advantages: Patient
All-inside ACL advantages: Graft healing
All-inside ACL advantages: Biomechanics
All-inside ACL advantages: Surgeon
Surgical technique
Semitendinosis graft harvest
Graft preparation
Joint preparation
Femoral socket preparation
Tibial socket preparation
Graft passage
All-inside graftlink postoperative management
Complications
All-inside graftlink ACL outcomes
References
87. Primary anterior cruciate ligament repair
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Rehabilitation
Complications
Results
References
88. Anterolateral ligament reconstruction in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament deficiency
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
89. Lateral extraarticular tenodesis: Techniques and outcomes
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
90. Combined anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and meniscal allograft transplantation
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Anterior cruciate ligament graft passage and femoral fixation
Posteromedial or posterolateral incision and meniscus allograft passage and fixation
Postoperative rehabilitation
Results
References
91. Combined anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Acknowledgment
References
Section 12. Surgical Techniques of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament and Posterolateral Corner
92. Transtibial tunnel posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Summary and conclusions
References
93. Arthroscopic double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusions
References
94. Posterior cruciate ligament tibial inlay
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
95. Arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament inlay
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Conclusion
References
Section 13. Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction
96. Posterolateral corner reconstruction: Indications and techniques
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
Section 14. Posteromedial Corner Reconstruction
97. Medial collateral ligament and posteromedial corner repair and reconstruction
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
Section 15. Multiligament Knee Reconstruction
98. Multiligament knee reconstruction: Avoiding tunnel convergence and optimal graft fixation order
Introduction
Epidemiology and concomitant injuries
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Summary
References
Section 16. Patellofemoral Joint
99. Managing the lateral side of the patellofemoral joint
Common conditions (epidemiology, pathology, relevant anatomy)
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
100. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction and repair for lateral patellar instability
Anatomy and biomechanics
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique (Box 100.1)
Procedure modifications (Box 100.2)
Postoperative considerations
Results
References
101. Lateral patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for medial patellar iatrogenic instability
Common conditions (epidemiology, pathology, relevant anatomy)
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
References
102. Sulcus deepening trochleoplasty: Open and arthroscopic techniques
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical technique
Results
Conclusion
References
103. Distal realignment for patellofemoral disease
Preoperative considerations
Surgical planning
Surgical techniques
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusion
References
104. Complex decision-making in patellofemoral surgery and anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer
Introduction
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique: Anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer
Postoperative considerations
Results
Other considerations
References
Suggested readings
Section 17. Miscellaneous
105. Management of arthrofibrosis of the knee
Preoperative considerations
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Conclusions
References
106. Management of proximal tibiofibular joint instability
Introduction
Pre-operative considerations
Surgical treatment
Surgical technique
Postoperative considerations
Results
Summary
References
107. Biologics and injection therapy for the management of osteoarthritis
Introduction
Pathogenesis
Current recommendations
References
Index

Brian J. Cole

Dr. Brian Cole is a Professor in the Department of Orthopedics with a conjoint appointment in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. He is the Section Head of the Cartilage Research and Restoration Center at Rush specializing in the treatment of arthritis in young active patients with a focus on regenerative medicine and biologic alternatives to surgery. He also serves as the head of the Orthopedic Master’s Training Program and trains residents and fellows in sports medicine and research. He lectures nationally and internationally and holds several leadership positions in prominent sports medicine societies. Through his basic science and clinical research, he has developed several innovative techniques for the treatment of shoulder, elbow and knee conditions. He has published more than 1,000 articles and 10 widely read textbooks in orthopedics and regenerative medicine. Dr. Cole is frequently chosen as one of the “Best Doctors in America” since 2004. In 2006, he was featured on the cover of Chicago Magazine as “Chicago’s Top Doctor” and was selected as NBA Team Physician of the Year in 2009. Orthopedics This Week has named Dr. Cole as one of the top 20 sports medicine, knee and shoulder specialists repeatedly over the last 5 years as selected by his peers. He is the head team physician for the Chicago Bulls NBA team, co-team physician for the Chicago White Sox MLB team and DePaul University in Chicago.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor in the Department of Orthopedics with a conjoint appointment in the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois

Jorge Chahla

Dr. Jorge Chahla PhD is an orthopedic surgeon from Argentina who completed multiple fellowships (both research and clinical fellowships) at the top programs in the United States. He earned his PhD degree at the Catholic University of Argentina (UCA) with Summa Cum Laude honors. He is a complex knee and hip surgeon at Rush University Hospital, in Chicago, IL. Dr. Chahla has a strong focus on joint preservation procedures and cartilage restoration techniques with more than 250 publications in prestigious scientific journals, over 30 book chapters and 5 edited books. He has a strong reputation for his cadaveric dissections and anatomic knowledge that are imprinted in publications and books. He has recently received the AAOS Award of Excellence, AOSSM Young Investigator Award, Excellence in Research Award and the Cabaud Award (two times) from the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. Dr. Jorge Chahla is an orthopedic surgeon who specializes in the treatment of complex knee, hip, and other sports related injuries. He’s an Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at Rush University Medical Center and serves as the Director of Biomechanical Research and of the International Fellowship Program. He’s a team physician for the Chicago White Sox (MLB), the Chicago Bulls (NBA) and the Chicago Fire (MLS). Dr. Chahla completed several fellowships at the top programs in the United States. He is internationally recognized for his contributions to the field of sports medicine injuries through minimally invasive techniques as well as for being a pioneer in novel biological treatments. Dr. Chahla has a strong focus on joint preservation procedures and cartilage restoration techniques with more than 250 publications in prestigious scientific journals, over 30 book chapters, five edited books and presents his research both nationally and internationally at orthopedic conferences and meetings every year.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Director of Biomechanical Research and of the International Fellowship Program, Rush University Medical Center, USA