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Space Radiation Biology and Related Topics
Prepared under the Direction of the American Institute of Biological Sciences for the Office of Information Services, United States Atomic Energy Commission
- 1st Edition - January 1, 1974
- Editors: Cornelius A. Tobias, Paul Todd
- Language: English
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 7 3 8 6 - 0
Space Radiation Biology and Related Topics provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of space radiation biology. This book discusses space radiation hazards as well… Read more
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Request a sales quoteSpace Radiation Biology and Related Topics provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of space radiation biology. This book discusses space radiation hazards as well as the importance of natural radiations in the processes of biogenesis. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the fundamental aspects of radiobiology. This text then discusses the theoretical treatments of the chronic radiation response and the applicability of some of its features in extended manned space missions. Other chapters review the literature on models for recovery from radiation damage to some cellular systems. This book discusses as well the effects of radiations on mammals, with emphasis on those effects pertinent to the space-flight situation. The final chapter deals with the safety of nuclear power in space and explains the three types of nuclear devices designed for power production in space. This book is a valuable resource for radiologists, radiobiologists, and radiotherapists.
List of Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Historical Survey of Space Radiation Biology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Radiation from beyond the Earth
1.3 Radiation around the Earth
1.4 Particles from the Sun
1.5 Study of Space Radiation Hazards
1.6 Space Radiations in Chemical and Biological Evolution
References
Chapter 2. Radiation Physics and Evaluation of Current Hazards
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Sources of Radiation
2.3 Interaction of Radiation with Matter
2.4 Dose and Dose-Rate Profiles in Space Flight
2.5 Trapped Particle Dose Profiles
2.6 Active Shielding Concepts
2.7 Planetary Radiation Environments
2.8 Summary
References
Chapter 2A. Solar Electromagnetic Radiation
2A.1 General Features of Solar Radiation
2A.2 Solar Radio Emissions
2A.3 Solar X-Rays
2A.4 Solar Ultraviolet Radiation
References
Chapter 3. Particle Irradiation Methods
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Heavy Charged-Particle Properties
3.3 Detectors
3.4 Beam Measurements
3.5 Irradiation Techniques
3.6 Future Accelerator Capabilities
References
Chapter 4. Cellular Radiation Biology
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Heavy-Particle Irradiation of Molecules of Biological Interest
4.3 Heavy-Particle Irradiation of Viruses
4.4 Heavy-Particle Irradiation of Microorganisms
4.5 Genetic Effects of Heavy Charged Particles
4.6 Effects of Heavy Charged Particles on Mammalian Cells in Vitro
4.7 Summary of Heavy Charged-Particle Effects
4.8 Effects of Radiations of Various LETs on Mammalian Cells in Vivo
4.9 Some Heavy-Ion Experiments with Natural Radiation
4.10 Cellular Effects of Ultraviolet Light
References
Chapter 5. Radiation and Molecular and Biological Evolution
5.1 Interactions of Radiations with the Earth's Atmosphere
5.2 Radiation and Chemical Evolution
5.3 Evolution of Genetic Information
5.4 Radiation and the Evolution of Microorganisms
5.5 Space Radiation and Evolutionary Catastrophes
5.6 Radiation and Extraterrestrial Origins of Life
References
Chapter 6. Magnetic Fields and Their Biological Effects
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Effects Involving Magnetic Fields, Electromotive Forces, and Moving Conductors
6.3 Magnetic Effects on the Physical Chemistry of Biosystems
6.4 Magnetic Field Observations on Organisms
6.5 Conclusions and Future Paths of Inquiry
References
Chapter 6A. Relevant Principles of Magnetism and Biomagnetics
6A.1 Concept of Magnetism
6A.2 Magnetic Field Definitions
6A.3 Molecular Basis of Magnetism
6A.4 Quantum Energetics
6A.5 Chemical Bonding
6A.6 Thermodynamics
6A.7 Types of Magnetic Field Interactions with Biological Systems
6A.8 Proposed Molecular Mechanisms
References
Chapter 7. Results of Radiobiological Experiments on Satellites
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Satellites
7.3 Description of Experiments
7.4 Results of Satellite Experiments
7.5 Future Work
References
Chapter 8. Mammalian Radiobiology and Space Flight
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Acute Radiation Syndrome
8.3 Acute Central Nervous System Syndrome
8.4 Gastrointestinal Syndrome
8.5 Acute Hematopoietic Syndrome
8.6 Prodromal Response
8.7 General Cellular, Tissue, and Metabolic Effects
8.8 Radiation Effects on Skin
8.9 Effects of Radiation on Functional Performance
8.10 Combined Stresses
References
Chapter 9. Cireadian Rhythmometry of Mammalian Radiosensitivity
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Pitfalls in Radiobiological Rhythmometry
9.3 Some New Results in Radiobiological Rhythmometry
9.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10. Human Radiation Tolerance
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Acute Radiation Syndrome
10.3 Human Central Nervous System Syndrome
10.4 Human Gastrointestinal Syndrome—Lethality
10.5 Acute Hematopoietic Syndrome
10.6 Prodromal Syndrome (Radiation Sickness)
10.7 Other Tissue Radiation Effects in Man
10.8 Quantitation of Human Radiation Tolerances
10.9 Multiple Exposures
10.10 Radiation Policy in Space
References
Chapter 11. Mathematical Models of Mammalian Radiation Response for Space Applications
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Existing Physiological Recovery Models
11.3 Longevity—Observations and Models
11.4 Radiation Exposure Status
References
Chapter 11A. Cell Kinetics and Radiation Recovery Models
11A.1 Introduction
11A.2 Sacher's Division Delay Model
11A.3 Von Foerster Equation
11A.4 Diffusion Equation Model
11A.5 State Vector Model
11A.6 Monte Carlo Model
11A.7 Age Transfer Model
11A.8 Summary
References
Chapter 12 Current Topics in Space Radiation Biology
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Artificial Radiation Sources in Space
12.3 Radiation and Weightlessness
12.4 Phosphenes in Space Flight
12.5 Soviet View of Space Radiation Hazards and Policies
12.6 Cosmic Abiogenesis
References
Author Index
Subject Index
- No. of pages: 664
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 1, 1974
- Imprint: Academic Press
- eBook ISBN: 9781483273860
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