Regulation of Macromolecular Synthesis By Low Molecular Weight Mediators

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Opening Remarks:

Oligonucleotides and Growth Regulation

I. Functions and Metabolism of Guanosine 3',5'-Bis(Diphosphate) [ppGpp]


1. Stringent Control In Bacterial Systems

Stringent Control of Translational Accuracy

Guanosine 3,5'-Bispyrophosphate is a Dispensable Metabolite

Studies on the Coordination of tRNA-Charging and Polypeptide Synthesis Activity in Escherichia Coli

Deletion of relA and relX in Escherichia Coli has no Effect on Basal or Carbon-Downshift ppGpp Synthesis


2. Effect of ppGpp on RNA Polymerase and Transcription in E. Coli

Molecular Interactions in the Initiation of rRNA Synthesis in Prokaryotes

The Regulation of RNA Polymerase by Guanosine 5'-Disphosphate 3'-Diphosphate


3. Metabolism of ppGpp In Cell-Free Bacterial Systems

Synthesis and Degradation of the Pleiotropic Effector Guanosine 3',-5'Bis(Disphosphate) in Bacteria

Biosynthesis of Guanosine Tetraphosphate in Bacillus Brevis


4. Failure to Detect ppGpp In Eukaryotes

A Radioimmunoassay for ppGpp

Guanosine 3',5'-Bis (Diphosphate) Search in Eukaryotes

II. Purine Nucleotides and Sporulation

Initiation of Bacterial and Yeast Sporulation by Partial Deprivation of Guanine Nucleotides

Regulation of Sporulation by Highly Phosphorylated Nucleotides in Bacillus Subtilis

III. Highly Phosphorylated Nucleotides in Eukaryotes


1. Isolation and Characterization of Novel Dinucleotides

Studies on the Biosynthesis and Function of Dinucleoside Polyphosphates in Artemia Embryos

Historical Background on Adenosine 5,5'-P1,P4-Tetraphosphate (Ap4A) and Current Developments

The Accumulation of Highly Phosphorylated Compounds in Drosophila Melanogaster Cells after Heat Shock

HS3—A Bizzare Dinucleoside Polyphosphate as Possible Pleiotypic Regulator of Eukaryotes


2. Effects of Dinucleotide and Adenosine Nucleotide Pools in Replication of DNA and Protein Synthesis

Diadenosine Tetraphosphate (Ap4A)—A Ligand of DNA Polymerase α and Trigger of Replication

Elevated Nuclear ATP Pools and ATP/ADP Ratios Mediate Adenosine Toxicity in Fibroblasts

Relation of Protein Synthesis to the Content of Adenosine Polyphosphates

IV. Alteration of Translational Mechanisms

Nucleosidetriphosphate Mediated Discrimination of Gene Expression in T1-Infected E. Coli

Compartmentalization of Phosphate Donor Pool for Ribosomal Protein S6 before and after Stimulation of Quiescent Mouse Fibroblast Cells with Serum, and Nondependence of the Phosphorylation of cAMP Pools

Membrane Mediated Amplification of Translational Control in Eukaryotes: A Pleiotropic Effect

Mode of Action of Hemin-Controlled Translational Inhibitor

V. 2',5'- Oligo a and Interferon

Induction, Purification, and Properties of 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase

Mechanism of Action of 2-5A in Intact Cells


2',5'-0ligo(A): A Mediator of Viral RNA Cleavage in Interferon-Treated Cells?

Studies on Interferon Action: Synthesis, Degradation, and Biological Activity of (2',5')-0ligoisoadenylate

Concluding Remarks

Low Molecular Weight Mediators of Macromolecular Synthesis—An Overview

Index