Recent Progress in Microcalorimetry

Foreword

Introduction

The Interest of Microcalorimetric Studies

PART 1. Apparatus and Microcalorimetric Methods


1. Different Types of Calorimeters


1. The special features of our Microcalorimetric Apparatus


2. Classification of Calorimeters


2. The Measurement of the Heat Flow Between the Calorimeter and Jacket Boundaries by Means of a Thermoelectric Pile


1. Some Principles of Thermoelectricity


2. The Use of Thermoelectric Piles as Thermometers


3. The Use of Thermoelectric Piles for Measuring Constant Flows of Heat


4. The Correct Measurement of Heat Flow from a Calorimeter container


3. Constructional Details of the Microcalorimeter


1. Description of the "Microcalorimetric Element"


2. The Experimental Zero of a Calorimeter Containing only a Single Microcalorimetric Element


3. The Differential Arrangement


4. Temperature Constancy of the External boundary


4. Theory and Manipulation of the Apparatus


1. The Case of Slow Processes


2. The Case of Relatively Rapid Thermal Processes


5. Calibration of the Microcalorimeter — Experimental Determination of the Constant of the Apparatus


1. Calibration of the Galvanometer Deviation: The Measurement of P/g


2. The Measurement u/g


3. The Measurement of the Peltier coefficient, P


4. Measurement of the Coefficient of Thermal Disequilibrium, D


6. Sensitivity, Reproducibility, and Precision of the Microcalorimeter


1. The Sensitivity of the Microcalorimeter


2. The Reproducibility of the Apparatus


3. The Precision of Microcalorimetric Measurements

Part 2. Physico-Chemical Applications

Introduction


7. Physical Measurements: Specific Heats: Thermal Diffusion Coefficients; Heats of Solution, Dilution, Mixing and Gelatinization


1. The Measurement of Specific Heats


2. The Measurement of Thermal Diffusion Coefficients and of Thermal Conductivities


3. The Measurement of Heats of Solution, Dilution, Mixing and Gelatinization


8. Thermochemical Measurements


1. General


2. Applications


9. The Microcalorimetry of Adsorption Processes


1. General


2. The Adsorbent is Insoluble in the Substance Adsorbed


3. Adsorption of Solvents by Soluble Substances


4. Adsorption by Macromolecular Substances


10. Some Microcalorimetric Studies on the Chemistry of Alumina


1. Studies on the Bayer Precipitation


2. Studies on Alumina Gels


3. Microcalorimetry of "Activated" Alumina


11. Microcalorimetry Applied to the Chemistry of Cements


1. The Hydration of Calcium Aluminates


2. The Hydration of Calcium Silicates


12. Microcalorimetry at Elevated and at High Temperatures


1. Description of the Microcalorimeter for Operation at Elevated Temperatures


2. Method of Using the Apparatus


3. Dehydration Studies


4. Studies in Catalysis

Bibliography of Part I and Part 2

Part 3. Biological Applications

Foreword


13. Plant Thermogenesis


1. Thermograms of Germinating Seeds


2. Influence of Temperature on Thermogenesis


3. Influence of a Prior Dehydration of the Seeds on the Germination Thermogenesis


4. Effect of the Aging of Seeds: Dormancy


5. Effects of Substances Dissolved in Water


6. Specific Characteristics Appearing on Thermograms


7. Influence of Ultra-Sonic Vibrations on Germination Thermograms


8. Gradients of Thermogenesis in Plants

Conclusion


14. Bacterial Thermogenesis


1. Thermogram from a Bacterial Culture


2. Effects of Antibiotics


3. Specificity of Bacterial Thermograms


4. Thermogenesis as a Means of Identification of Resistant Strains


5. The Evaluation of the Heat Produced by a Single Bacterium


6. Effect of Bacterial Thermogenesis on the Growth of Infection Centres


7. Thermogenesis of Yeasts, and the Microcalorimetric Analysis of Fermentation Processes


8. Virus and Tissue Cultures


15. Thermogenesis of Animals of Variable Body Temperature


1. Thermogenesis of an Insect


2. Variations of Thermogenesis during the Metamorphoses of an Insect


3. Specific Characteristics of Insect Thermograms


4. Modifications of Insect Thermogenesis by Physical and Chemical Agents


5. Thermograms of Myriapods and other Invertebrates


6. Thermograms of Vertebrates of Variable Temperature: Reptiles and Amphibians


16. Thermogenesis of Homeotherms


1. Thermograms of Young Mice


2. Effects of Aging on Thermogenesis


3. Effects of the Surroimding Temperature on Thermogenesis


4. Effects of Anaesthesia on Thermogenesis


5. Modifications of Thermogenesis by Chlorpromazine (Largactil)


6. Hibernating Mammals


7. Influence of Curarizing Drugs on Thermogenesis


8. Influence of Spasmolytic Derivatives of Phenothiazine on Thermogenesis


17. Comparison of Thermogenetic Sources

Conclusion

Bibliography of Part 3

Name Index

Subject Index