Recent Frontiers of Phytochemicals

1st Edition - April 26, 2023
Editors: Siddhartha Pati, Tanmay Sarkar, Dibyajit Lahiri
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 1 4 3 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 5 8 0 8 - 7

Phytochemicals have been present in human diet and life since the birth of mankind, including the consuming of plant foods and the application of herbal treatments. This co… Read more

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Phytochemicals have been present in human diet and life since the birth of mankind, including the consuming of plant foods and the application of herbal treatments. This coevolutionary interaction of plants and people has resulted in humans' reliance on food and medicinal plants as sources of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive phytochemicals. Phytochemicals can be used as adjuvant agents and sensitizers in traditional antibiotic and anticancer therapy, reducing the potential of selecting resistant microbial strains and cancer cells. Recent Frontiers of Phytochemicals addresses the many processes of potential phytochemical evaluation of known sources, with a focus on phytochemical and pharmacological evaluations, and computational research into the structures and pharmacological mechanisms of natural products and their applications in medicine, food and biotech.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
Preface
Acknowledgment
Chapter 1. Extraction, isolation, and characterization of phytochemicals, the bioactive compounds of plants
Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Extraction of phytochemicals
1.3 Isolation and purification of phytoconstituents
1.4 Identification of phytochemicals
1.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2. Importance and extraction techniques of functional components
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Current techniques for extraction of phytochemicals
2.3 Characterization of phytochemicals
2.4 Conclusion
2.5 Future considerations for effective extraction of phytochemicals
References
Chapter 3. Novel extraction conditions for phytochemicals
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Pre-extraction conditions
3.3 Selecting a pre-extracting sample preparation
3.4 Extraction conditions
3.5 Selection approach for a suitable extraction method
3.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Novel extraction and characterization methods for phytochemicals
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Extraction methods
4.3 Separation techniques
4.4 Applications of chromatography techniques
4.5 Characterization methods
4.6 Conclusions and future directions
References
Chapter 5. Phytochemicals: recent trends in food, pharmacy, and biotechnology
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Bioactive phytochemicals
5.3 Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals
5.4 Phytochemicals from the agri-food by-products
5.5 Pharmacological aspects of phytochemicals
5.6 Nanodrug delivery of the phytochemicals in treating cancer
5.7 Current limitations and future of phytochemicals
5.8 Conclusion and future prospect
References
Chapter 6. Phytochemicals as bioactive ingredients for functional foods
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Phytonutrients
6.3 Health-promoting ability of phytochemicals
6.4 Biological activities of phytochemicals
6.5 Phytochemicals-based functional foods
6.6 Future perspective
6.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Exploring the role of Mahua as a functional food and its future perspectives
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Traditional uses
7.3 Nutritional and phytochemical profiling
7.4 Pharmaceutical uses and pharmacological importance
7.5 Mahua as a functional food
7.6 Current trends and future perspectives
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 8. Functional beverages: an emerging trend in beverage world
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Market of nutraceutical or functional beverages
8.3 Soft drinks
8.4 Nonalcoholic beverages
8.5 Probiotics beverages
8.6 Fruits-based beverages
8.7 Fermented beverages
8.8 Whey-based beverages
8.9 Micronutrient-fortified beverage
8.10 Beverages rich in antioxidants and herbs
8.11 Prebiotic beverages
8.12 Sports or energy drinks
8.13 Storage study of beverages
8.14 Health safety of drinks
8.15 Consumer demand for beverages
References
Chapter 9. Recent targeted discovery of phytomedicines to manage endocrine disorder develops due to adapting sedentary lifestyle
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Concept of herbal targeted drug delivery
9.3 List of most effective phytochemicals/phytomedicinal herbs
9.4 List of novel phytomedicinal formulations in pharmacy to target the endocrine glands and hormone for the treatment of various major endocrine disorders
9.5 Application of phytomedicine in modern drug development in pharmacy
9.6 Advantages of herbal phytomedicines in modern system
9.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10. Current updates on phytopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment
Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Phytochemicals unexplored
10.3 Molecular mechanism of phytochemicals in preventing cancer
10.4 Strategies to improve phytochemical drugability
10.5 Drug delivery approach to improve phytochemical drugability
10.6 Phytochemicals in clinical and preclinical stages for preventing cancer
10.7 Insights on phytochemicals as dietary recommendation in cancer
10.8 Conclusion and future perspectives
References
Chapter 11. Phytochemicals in prostate cancer
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Types of prostate cancer
11.3 Causes of prostate cancer
11.4 Symptoms of prostate cancer
11.5 Test to identify prostate cancer
11.6 Prostate cancer treatments
11.7 Prevention of prostate cancer
11.8 Phytochemicals in prostate cancer
11.9 Phytochemicals and conventional medical practice
11.10 Effects of specific plant families extracts on human prostate cancer cells
11.11 Prostate cancer risk factors
11.12 Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 12. Therapeutic phytochemicals from Plumbago auriculata: a drug discovery paradigm
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Traditional uses
12.3 Phytochemistry
12.4 Plumbagin
12.5 Medicinal uses
12.6 Nano-biotechnology
12.7 Other properties
12.8 Future perspectives
12.9 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13. Alkaloids as potential anticancer agent
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Theoretical relevance
13.3 Biological source, mechanism of action, and applications of indole alkaloids
13.4 Biological source, mechanism of action, and applications of isoquinoline alkaloids
13.5 Biological source, mechanism of action, and applications of Taxus alkaloid
13.6 Aporphinoid alkaloids
13.7 Emetine and related alkaloids
13.8 Biological source, mechanism of action, and applications of Cephalotaxus alkaloids
13.9 Biological source, mechanism of action, and applications of pyrrolizidine alkaloids
13.10 Anticancer alkaloids with future perspective
References
Chapter 14. Potential phytochemicals as microtubule-disrupting agents in cancer prevention
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Molecular basis of microtubule dynamics
14.3 Factors affecting microtubule dynamics in cancer cells
14.4 Intracellular stress in cancer
14.5 Targeting microtubules in cancer
14.6 Alkaloids as microtubulin-disrupting agents
14.7 Taxol as a therapeutic agent disrupting cell polymerization
14.8 Colchicine as a microtubule-disrupting agent
14.9 Curcumin, a phenolic compound, disrupts microtubule function
14.10 Noscapine therapeutic agents disrupting microtubule dynamics
14.11 Coumarin’s background and therapeutic activities
14.12 Discussion
14.13 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 15. Therapeutic effectiveness of phytochemicals targeting specific cancer cells: a review of the evidence
Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Strategies for identification of phytochemicals with pharmaceutical potential
15.3 Perceptions of phytochemicals as anticancer agents in the history
15.4 Synthetic analogs for plant-derived compounds: enhancement and application
15.5 Classification of phytochemicals
15.6 Plant-derived phytochemicals currently in use for various cancer treatments
15.7 Curcumin
15.8 Quercetin
15.9 Vinca alkaloids
15.10 Camptothecin
15.11 Cervical cancer and phytochemicals
15.12 Current scenario and future perspective
Competing interests
References
Chapter 16. Understanding the role of the natural warriors: phytochemicals in breast cancer chemoprevention
Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Breast cancer: definition, subtypes, and conventional therapies
16.3 Perils of conventional BC therapies
16.4 Role of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in breast cancer treatment
16.5 Phytochemicals: traversing a new window in breast cancer therapy
16.6 Phytochemicals and ER(+) breast cancer
16.7 Phytochemicals and HER(2) breast cancer
16.8 Phytochemicals used for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)
16.9 Role of phytochemicals in modulating noncoding RNA expression in BC cells
16.10 Phytochemical interventions in healing cancer-associated MDR
16.11 Diet and dietary phytochemicals in chemosensitization
16.12 Challenges and perspectives: into the future of BC phytochemical interventions
16.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 17. Phytochemicals and cancer
Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Role of phytochemicals in various diseases
17.3 Phytochemicals in cancer
References
Chapter 18. Phytochemicals as a complementary alternative medicine in cancer treatment
Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Role of oxidative stress in carcinogenesis
18.3 Mode of action of phytochemicals for cancer prevention by targeting cellular signaling transduction pathways
18.4 A historical perspective of plant-derived drugs used popularly in cancer
18.5 Phytochemicals induce cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy
18.6 Gut microbiota in gastrointestinal malignancy—a potential target for phytotherapy
18.7 Plant-derived drugs
18.8 Conclusion
18.9 Challenges
References
Chapter 19. Applications of phytochemicals in cancer therapy and anticancer drug development
Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Conclusion
References
Chapter 20. Bioactivity, medicinal applications, and chemical compositions of essential oils: detailed perspectives
Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Chemistry of essential oils
20.3 Biological activity of essential oils
20.4 Medicinal applications of essential oils
20.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21. Biological potential of essential oils in pharmaceutical industries
Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Bioactive components of essential oils
21.3 Biological activities of EO
21.4 Cancer-preventing function
21.5 Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
21.6 Role in cardiovascular diseases
21.7 Antidiabetic agents
21.8 Other important properties
21.9 Application of EO in pharmaceutical industry
21.10 Future perspective and conclusion
References
Chapter 22. A review on marine-based phytochemicals and their application in biomedical research
Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Phytochemicals from marine resources
22.3 Metabolic process to form marine phytochemicals
22.4 Bioactive potential of marine phytochemical
22.5 Biomedical applications of marine phytochemicals
22.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 23. Phytochemicals in biofilm inhibition
Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Biofilm formation
23.3 Inactivation mechanism of biofilm
23.4 Role of phytochemicals in biofilm inhibition
23.5 Phenolics
23.6 Terpenoids
23.7 Organic acids
23.8 Other phytochemicals
23.9 Sulfur- and nitrogen-containing phytochemicals
23.10 Future perspective and conclusion
References
Chapter 24. New perspectives and role of phytochemicals in biofilm inhibition
Abstract
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Biofilm development and its health hazards
24.3 Occurrence of biofilms
24.4 Phytochemicals in biofilm inhibition
24.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 25. Novel perspectives on phytochemicals-based approaches for mitigation of biofilms in ESKAPE pathogens: recent trends and future avenues
Abstract
25.1 Introduction
25.2 Biofilm-mediated drug resistance in ESKAPE pathogens
25.3 Mitigation of biofilm architecture: current therapeutic trends
25.4 Phytochemicals-based mitigation strategies against biofilm formation
25.5 Current trends in biofilm inhibition
25.6 Future perspectives
Key points
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 26. Phytochemicals in downregulation of quorum sensing
Abstract
26.1 Introduction
26.2 Biofilm formation and quorum sensing
26.3 Mechanism of quorum sensing in bacteria
26.4 Phytochemicals as quorum-sensing inhibitors
26.5 Clinical studies
26.6 Mechanism of phytochemicals involved in quorum-sensing inhibition
26.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 27. Phytoconstituents-based nanoformulations for neurodegenerative disorders
Abstract
27.1 Introduction
27.2 Key issues associated with neurodegenerative diseases
27.3 Significance of nanotechnology in neurodegenerative disorders: incapacitating the blood–brain barrier
27.4 Phytoconstituents and their general mechanism of actions pertaining to neuroprotection
27.5 Phyto-nanomedicine in the management of neurodegenerative disorders
27.6 Nanoformulations in tackling neurodegeneration: preclinical proofs
27.7 Limitations of nanotechnology-based approaches for management of neurodegenerative disorders
27.8 Future outlook and conclusion
References
Chapter 28. Oxidative stress and its management through phytoconstituents
Abstract
28.1 Introduction
28.2 Oxidative stress and free radicals
28.3 Antioxidants
28.4 Antioxidative effect of phytoconstituents
28.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 29. Phytochemicals: an immune booster against the pathogens
Abstract
29.1 Introduction
29.2 Secondary metabolites
29.3 Phytotherapy
29.4 Phytomedicine
29.5 SARS-CoV-2
References
Chapter 30. Phytochemicals: recent trends and future prospective in COVID-19
Abstract
30.1 Introduction
30.2 Virus-based targets
30.3 Host-based targets
30.4 Conclusion and future prospective
References
Chapter 31. Phytochemicals—a safe fortification agent in the fermented food industry
Abstract
31.1 Introduction
31.2 Types of phytochemicals
31.3 Health benefits of phytochemicals
31.4 Fortification in the fermentation industry
31.5 Effect of fermentation on phytochemicals
31.6 Use of phytochemicals as a safe fortifying agent
31.7 Limitations
31.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 32. Molecular docking study of bioactive phytochemicals against infectious diseases
Abstract
32.1 Introduction
32.2 Molecular docking studies of plant products as anti-coronal agents
32.3 Molecular docking studies of plant products as anti-leishmanial agents
32.4 Molecular docking studies of plant products as antitubercular agents
32.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 33. Phytochemicals in structure-based drug discovery
Abstract
33.1 Introduction
33.2 Phytochemicals screening of plant extracts
33.3 Phytochemicals from Phytolacca dioica L. seeds extracts—case study I
33.4 Phytochemicals composition and biological properties of seed extracts from Washingtonia filifera—case study II
33.5 Phytochemicals—opportunities and challenges
References
Chapter 34. Modulation of drug resistance in leukemia using phytochemicals: an in-silico, in-vitro, and in-vivo approach
Abstract
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Drug resistance: therapeutic failure in leukemia
34.3 Combination index method and synergism
34.4 Phytochemicals as chemosensitizer and modulators
34.5 Conclusions and future prospects
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 35. Phytochemical and bioactive potentialities of Melastoma malabathricum
Abstract
35.1 Introduction
35.2 Ethno-medicinal practices
35.3 Phytochemical constituents
35.4 Pharmacological potentialities
35.5 Conclusion and future perspective
References
Chapter 36. Bioactivity of essential oils and its medicinal applications
Abstract
36.1 Introduction
36.2 Chemical structure of flavonoids
36.3 Flavonoids activity against multidrug-resistant microbes
36.4 Conclusion
Ethics declarations
References
Chapter 37. Essential oils as anticancer agents
Abstract
37.1 Introduction
37.2 Anticancer potential of essential oils
37.3 Conclusion and future perspective
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 38. Molecular docking study of bioactive phytochemicals against cancer
Abstract
38.1 Introduction
38.2 Molecular docking of bioactive phytochemicals with anticancer properties
38.3 Conclusion
References
Index

Siddhartha Pati

Siddhartha Pati received his PhD degree in Science (Biotechnology) from Fakir Mohan University, India. Dr. Pati has 9+ years of experience working as a researcher at Fakir Mohan University, University Malaysia Terengganu, Khallikote University in the areas of natural product, Food science, Biopolymer etc. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for study on Biotechnology, Marine Bioprospecting, Food Science, Biodiversity conservation. He has handled 5 research grants and with 50+ publications with vast Industry academic linkages. Dr. Siddhartha Pati working as a Director of NatNov Bioscience Private Limited in India.

Affiliations and expertise

Fakir Mohan University, India

Tanmay Sarkar

Tanmay Sarkar received his bachelor’s degree in Chemistry from Calcutta University, Kolkata, India, Bachelor of Technology and Master of Technology both in Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. He has a PhD in Engineering from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India. With seven years of experience in teaching as well as in research, he is currently working as a lecturer. His areas of interests include bioactive components from natural sources, optimization, mathematical modelling, phytochemicals, and data science.

Affiliations and expertise

Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, Malda, India

Dibyajit Lahiri

Dibyajit Lahiri is at present is working as Associate Professor in the Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata. His research interest is precisely on biofilm isolated from human prosthesis and its inhibition by various novel phyto and nano compounds. He is keen to explore the molecular mechanism behind the removal of biofilm by natural compounds. His research arena also encompasses computational drug development by using of bioinformatic. His work is regularly being presented and appreciated before a number of experts of National and International repute. He has more than 100 publications. Dr. Lahiri has edited 5 books. He is also in the role of associate editors of various journals of international reputes.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India