Processing of Solid–Liquid Suspensions

1st Edition - February 22, 1993
Editor: P. Ayazi Shamlou
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 1 - 6 2 1 4 - 0

Processing of Solid-Liquid Suspensions is a collection of articles from several industrialists and academicians who are active in fundamental and applied research relating to… Read more

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Processing of Solid-Liquid Suspensions is a collection of articles from several industrialists and academicians who are active in fundamental and applied research relating to handling and processing of particles in liquids. This collection of papers deals with the processes of interaction of particles with each other, with the surrounding liquid and process equipment, whereby knowledge of the mechanism of these interactions can be a sound basis for improving the design of the process equipment and create an optimum environment for the formation and processing of the particulate. The above notion is explained through analysis of the role of turbulent aggregation and breakup of particles in the formation of many solid products from aqueous solutions. This book also analyzes particle size and particulate crystals, whether as final products or as intermediates during processing. In the purification of proteins, two essential units of operation are used; precipitation and solid-liquid separation are analyzed, where theoretical considerations are reviewed. This text also discusses the application of model suspensions in the design of aerobic fermenters in practical industrial uses. High concentration of suspension preparations and solid suspension in liquid flourized beds or in stirred vessels are explained in more detail as to how these affect certain industries. This selection finally presents the progress made in developing design and methods needed by industry. Researchers, chemists, and scientists in industry, as well as advanced students with interests in formation and processing of stable suspensions and in advanced process engineering courses will find this textbook a valuable aid.

Preface

List of Contributors

1 Turbulent Aggregation and Breakup of Particles in Stirred Vessels

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Fluid Flow in Stirred Vessels

1.3 Particle Aggregation

1.4 Aggregate Breakup

References

Symbols

2 Aggregate Behavior in Stirred Vessels

2.1 Coagulation and Flocculation

2.2 Formation and Behavior of Aggregates in General

2.3 The Formation of Floes

2.4 The Nature of Aggregate Strength

2.5 The Rupture of Aggregates

References

Symbols

3 Stability and Flocculation of Suspensions

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Colloid Interactions

3.3 Flocculation Kinetics

3.4 Flocculating Agents

References

Symbols

4 Particle Formation and Separation in Suspension Crystallization Processes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Solubility

4.3 Driving Force

4.4 Modelling Crystallization Processes

4.5 Kinetics

4.6 Solid-Liquid Separation

4.7 Examples

Appendix

References

Symbols

5 Effects of Engineering Parameters On The Precipitation, Recovery and Purification of Proteins

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Physico-Chemical Aspects of Precipitation

5.3 Theoretical Considerations

5.4 Manipulation of Precipitate Properties

5.5 Precipitate Recovery

References

Symbols

6 Shear Effects On Cells in Bioreactors

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Hydrodynamics

6.3 Shear Effects On Microorganisms

6.4 Shear Effects On Animal Cells

6.5 Shear Effects On Plant Cells

6.6 Conclusion

References

Symbols

7 Application of Model Suspensions in The Design of Fermenters

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Equipment

7.3 Experimental Work

7.4 Scale-Up of Filamentous Fermentations

Appendix

References

Symbols

8 High Concentration Suspensions: Preparation and Properties

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Mechanisms and Dispersion of Fine Particles Into Liquids

8.3 Effect of Processing Conditions On Dispersion Characteristics

8.4 Dispersion Equipment

8.5 Dispersion Rheology

8.6 Physical Stability of Particulate Slurries and Dispersions

References

Symbols

9 Solid Suspension in Liquid Fluidized Beds

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Liquid Fluidization of Monocomponent Particles

9.3 Liquid Fluidization of Solid Mixtures

9.4 Binary-Solid Fluidized Systems

9.5 Worked Example

References

Symbols

10 Suspension of Particles in Liquids in Stirred Vessels

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Previous Work

10.3 Fluid-Particle Interaction Forces

10.4 Particle-Liquid Motion and Suspension

10.5 Mechanism of Incipient Particle Suspension

References

Symbols

11 Slurry Pipeline Flow

11.1 Slurry Density

11.2 Energy Relationships

11.3 Slurry Viscosity

11.4 Viscometry

11.5 Laminar Pipe Flow

11.6 Turbulent Flow

11.7 Flow RÃ©gimes

11.8 Deposition Velocities

11.9 Non-Mechanistic Correlations for Headlosses

References

Symbols

12 Slurry Handling Problems in the Process Industries

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Solids Processing Plants

12.3 Industrial Goals

12.4 Typical Processing Steps

12.5 Slurry Characterization - Fast- and Slow-Settling

12.6 Slurry Transport

12.7 Pumps

12.8 Mixing For Slurries

12.9 Miscellaneous

12.10 Conclusions

References