Plant Peroxisomes

Foreword Preface1 Introduction I. Current Terminology II. Historical Perspective A. Ultrastructural Discoveries B. Biochemical Elucidation of Microbody Function III. Summary 2 Cytochemistry, Morphology, and Distribution I. General Comments II. Enzyme Cytochemistry A. Catalase: 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine Oxidation B. Malate Synthase: Ferricyanide Reduction C. Glycolate Oxidase: Ferricyanide Reduction D. α-Hydroxyacid, Alcohol, Amine, and D-Amino Acid Oxidases: Cerium Perhydroxide Precipitation III. Morphology and Distribution A. Angiosperms B. Nonflowering Plants IV. Summary 3 Methods of Isolation and Physical and Chemical Properties I. Introduction II. Methods of Isolation A. Theoretical Consideration B. Grinding Medium and Isolation Procedures C. Differential and Gradient Centrifugation D. Electron Microscopy and Isolated Peroxisomes III. Physical Properties IV. Subfractionation and Chemical Properties V. Summary 4 Metabolism, Enzymology, and Function I. Introduction II. Characteristic Peroxisomal Enzymes A. Catalase B. Glycolate Oxidase C. Urate Oxidase (Uricase) D. D-Amino Acid Oxidase III. Unspecialized Peroxisomes IV. Glyoxysomes in Germinated Oilseeds A. Gluconeogenesis from Reserve Lipids B. Hydrolysis of Triacylglycerols to Fatty Acids C. Metabolic Reactions in Glyoxysomes D. Oxidation of NADH Generated in Glyoxysomes by Electron Shuttle E. Characteristic Peroxisomal Enzymes in Glyoxysomes F. Enzymes Associated with the Glyoxysomal Membrane G. Processing of Storage Triacylglycerols in Oilseeds Other Than Castor Bean V. Leaf Peroxisomes A. Photorespiration and Leaf Peroxisomes B. Enzymes in Leaf Peroxisomes C. Electron Shuttle Involving Malate Dehydrogenase and Aspartate-α-ketoglutarate Aminotransferase D. Peroxisomes in Leaves of C4 Species VI. Peroxisomes in Ureide Metabolism VII. Peroxisomes in Fungi and Algae A. Peroxisomes of Unknown Function: "Unspecialized" Peroxisomes B. Glyoxysome-Like Peroxisomes in Heterotrophic Fungi and Algae C. Peroxisomes and Photorespiration in Autotrophic Algae D. Peroxisomes in Ureide Metabolism E. Peroxisomes in Methanol Metabolism F. Peroxisomes in Oxalate Synthesis G. Peroxisomes in Amine Metabolism VIII. Other Enzymes Reported Present in Peroxisomes IX. Summary 5 Ontogeny I. Introduction II. The Endoplasmic Reticulum-Vesiculation Model III. Peroxisome Biogenesis A. Biosynthesis of Individual Components B. Temporal Development of Peroxisomes C. Integration of Information IV. Biosynthesis of Peroxisomes in Leaves V. Biogenetic Relationship between Glyoxysomes and Leaf-Type Peroxisomes in Greening Cotyledons of Oilseeds A. Interconversion Model B. Two-Population Model C. Transient-Intermediate Model D. Assessment VI. Biogenesis of Peroxisomes in Microorganisms (Yeasts) VII. Degradation VIII. Summary 6 Control of Ontogeny I. Introduction II. Differential Expression of Isozymes A. Catalase Β. Aspartate-α-ketoglutarate Aminotransferase C. Malate Dehydrogenase III. Regulation A. Light B. Hormones C. Metabolites D. Inhibitors E. Coordinate Enzyme Development IV. Summary 7 Perspective I. Introduction II. Nomenclature III. Morphological and Cytochemical Studies IV. Molecular Structure of Peroxisomes V. Metabolism VI. Biogenesis VII. Peroxisomes in Nonplant TissuesBibliography Index