Phytoplankton
Plankton and Productivity in The Oceans
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Plankton and Productivity in the Oceans, Second Edition, Volume 1: Phytoplankton presents the different varieties of phytoplankton and nanoplankton forms; the types and temporal changes in phytoplankton communities; and the primary production of planktonic algae in the seas. Chapters discuss the physical and chemical characteristics of the marine environment in relation to plankton production; planktonic community temporal and spatial variations; and the taxonomy, horizontal and vertical distribution, and communities of zooplankton. The book will be of prime us to marine biologists.
Table of Contents
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Chapter 1 Physical Aspects of the Oceanic Environment*
Heat Balance of the Ocean
Temperature Cycles
Diurnal Cycle
Annual Cycle
Vertical Temperature Distribution
Water Budget of the Ocean
T-S Diagrams and the Deep Ocean Circulation
Surface Ocean Circulation
The Gulf Stream 21 North Pacific Ocean
The Antarctic Convergence
Upwelling
Coastal Areas: The North Sea
Estuaries
Chapter 2 Chemical Composition and Characteristics of Seawater
Processes of Supply and Removal of Constituents in the Ocean
Particulate and Dissolved Material in Seawater
Salinity and Chlorinity
Major Dissolved Constituents
Dissolved and Particulate Organic Material
Dissolved Gases other than Carbon Dioxide
Redox Potential
Carbon Dioxide and the Carbonate System
Micronutrient Elements and their Relationships with Oxygen: Anoxic Conditions
Minor Elements
Chapter 3 Primary Production
Chemo-autotrophic Production
Photo-autotrophic Production
Photosynthetic Pigments
Dark (Heterotrophic) Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
Products of Photosynthesis
Factors influencing Photosynthesis
Growth and Photosynthesis
The Applicability of Culture Experiments
Compensation Intensity
Phytoplankton Respiration
Excretion by Algae
Primary Production and Depth in the Marine Environment
Chapter 4 The Algae of the Phytoplankton
A Review of the Major Classes
1. Cyanophyceae
2. Rhodophyceae
3. Phaeophyceae
4. Chlorophyceae
5. Prasinophyceae
6. Chrysophyceae
7. Haptophyceae
8. Craspedophyceae
9. Xanthophyceae
10. Bacillariophyceae
11. Pyrrophyceae
12. Cryptophyceae
13. Euglenophyceae
The Biochemical Composition of Algae
Chapter 5 Phytoplankton Crop
Methods of Assessment
Regional Differences in Crop
Temporal Variations in Crop
Species Diversity
Communities and Species Succession
Phytoplankton of Warmer Seas
Estuarine Phytoplankton of Temperate Regions
Phytoplankton of High Latitudes
Phytoplankton of Boreal Waters
Coccolithophorids and the Nanoplankton
Chapter 6 Factors Limiting Primary Production: Light and Temperature
Incident Light and its Transmission in Seawater
Methods for Measuring the Attenuation of Light and Variation in Transparency in the Sea
Quality of Transmitted Light in the Sea
Light and Seasonal Effects
Significance of Ice Flora
Light and Regional Differences in Crop and Production
Stability and Temperature: Turbidity
Stratification and the Vertical Distribution of Phytoplankton
Chapter 7 Factors Limiting Primary Production: Nutrients*
Forms of the Principal Micronutrients and their Interconversions in Seawater
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Silicon
The Distribution of the Principal Micronutrients and the Processes by which They Arise
Utilization of Nutrients by Phytoplankton
Availability and Utilization of Different Forms of Combined Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Silicon
Relative Utilization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Silicon
Kinetics of Uptake of Nutrients by Phytoplankton
Nutrient Uptake and Phytoplankton Growth
Nutrient Limitation and Competition Between Species
Diffusion Transport of Nutrients in Relation to Phytoplankton Growth
Environmental Relationships between Concentrations of Nutrients and Primary Productivity
Trace Substances other than Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Silicon
Chapter 8 Factors Limiting Primary Production: Grazing
Zooplankton Grazing
Grazing in Mathematical Simulation
Time Delays in Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Production: Seasonal Variations
Selective Feeding
Artificial Plankton Ecosystems
Chapter 9 Primary Production: Global Considerations
Methods for Measuring Primary Production in the Oceans
Regional Differences in Primary Production
1. Tropical and Sub-Tropical Seas
2. Temperate Latitudes
3. Upwelling Areas
4. High Latitudes
5. Summary of Regional Production
Transfer Efficiency
References
Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 504
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Pergamon 1980
- Published: January 1, 1980
- Imprint: Pergamon
- eBook ISBN: 9781483146812