Petroleum Production Engineering

Petroleum Production Engineering, Second Edition, updates both the new and veteran engineer on how to employ day-to-day production fundamentals to solve real-world challenges with modern technology. Enhanced to include equations and references with today’s more complex systems, such as working with horizontal wells, workovers, and an entire new section of chapters dedicated to flow assurance, this go-to reference remains the most all-inclusive source for answering all upstream and midstream production issues.

Completely updated with five sections covering the entire production spectrum, including well productivity, equipment and facilities, well stimulation and workover, artificial lift methods, and flow assurance, this updated edition continues to deliver the most practical applied production techniques, answers, and methods for today’s production engineer and manager.

In addition, updated Excel spreadsheets that cover the most critical production equations from the book are included for download.

• Updated to cover today’s critical production challenges, such as flow assurance, horizontal and multi-lateral wells, and workovers
• Guides users from theory to practical application with the help of over 50 online Excel spreadsheets that contain basic production equations, such as gas lift potential, multilateral gas well deliverability, and production forecasting
• Delivers an all-inclusive product with real-world answers for training or quick look up solutions for the entire petroleum production spectrum

Production engineers; Petroleum engineers; Completion engineers; Drilling engineers; Workover managers; Offshore engineers and managers

Part I: Well Productivity

Chapter 1. Well Components

• Abstract
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Wellbore
• 1.3 Wellhead
• 1.4 Flowline
• 1.5 Safety Control System
• 1.6 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 2. Properties of Petroleum Fluids

• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Properties of Oil
• 2.3 Properties of Natural Gas
• 2.4 Properties of Produced Water
• 2.5 Interfacial Tension
• 2.6 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 3. Reservoir Deliverability

• Abstract
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Vertical Wells
• 3.3 Horizontal Wells
• 3.4 Multilateral Wells
• 3.5 Inflow Performance Relationship
• 3.6 Construction of IPR Curves Using Test Points
• 3.7 Composite IPR of Stratified Reservoirs
• 3.8 Future IPR
• 3.9 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 4. Wellbore Flow Performance

• Abstract
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Single-Phase Liquid Flow
• 4.3 Single-Phase Gas Flow
• 4.4 Multiphase Flow in Oil Wells
• 4.5 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 5. Choke Performance

• Abstract
• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Sonic and Subsonic Flow
• 5.3 Single-Phase Liquid Flow
• 5.4 Single-Phase Gas Flow
• 5.5 Multiphase Flow
• 5.6 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 6. Well Deliverability

• Abstract
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Principle of Nodal Analysis
• 6.3 Deliverability of Vertical Wells
• 6.4 Deliverability of Horizontal Wells
• 6.5 Deliverability of Multilateral Wells
• 6.6 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 7. Forecast of Well Production

• Abstract
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Oil Production During Transient Flow Period
• 7.3 Oil Production During Pseudo–Steady Flow Period
• 7.4 Gas Production During Transient Flow Period
• 7.5 Gas Production During Pseudo–Steady-State Flow Period
• 7.6 Production Forecast Through Reservoir Simulation
• 7.7 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 8. Production Decline Analysis

• Abstract
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Exponential Decline
• 8.3 Harmonic Decline
• 8.4 Hyperbolic Decline
• 8.5 Model Identification
• 8.6 Determination of Model Parameters
• 8.7 Illustrative Examples
• 8.8 Summary
• References
• Problems

Part II: Surface and Downhole Equipment

Chapter 9. Well Tubing and Packers

• Abstract
• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Wellhead-Tubing-Packer Relation
• 9.3 Tubing Design
• 9.4 Production Packers
• 9.5 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 10. Separation Systems

• Abstract
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Separation System
• 10.3 Dehydration Systems
• 10.4 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 11. Transportation Systems

• Abstract
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Pumps
• 11.3 Compressors
• 11.4 Pipelines
• 11.5 Summary
• References
• Problems

Part III: Well Stimulation and Workover

Chapter 12. Well Problem Identification

• Abstract
• 12.1 Introduction
• 12.2 Low Productivity
• 12.3 Excessive Gas Production
• 12.4 Excessive Water Production
• 12.5 Liquid Loading of Gas Wells
• 12.6 Formation Damage
• 12.7 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 13. Acidizing

• Abstract
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Acid Types
• 13.3 Candidate Selection
• 13.4 Acid–Rock Interaction
• 13.5 Sandstone Acidizing Design
• 13.6 Carbonate Acidizing Design
• 13.7 Acid Diversion
• 13.8 Acid Placement Diagnosis
• 13.9 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 14. Hydraulic Fracturing

• Abstract
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Basic Rock Mechanics
• 14.3 Hydraulic Fracture Geometry Overview
• 14.4 Hydraulic Fracture Models
• 14.5 Fracturing Pressure Analysis
• 14.6 Fracturing Materials and Equipment
• 14.7 Fractured Well Productivity
• 14.8 Fracturing Treatment Design
• 14.9 Frac-Pack Treatments
• 14.10 Fracturing Horizontal Wells
• 14.11 Fracturing Treatment Evaluation
• 14.12 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 15. Well Workover

• Abstract
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Types of Workovers
• 15.3 Workover Considerations
• 15.4 Workover Equipment
• 15.5 Engineering Calculations
• 15.6 Summary
• References
• Problems

Part IV: Artificial Lift Methods

Chapter 16. Sucker Rod Pumping

• Abstract
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Pumping System
• 16.3 Polished Rod Motion
• 16.4 Load to the Pumping Unit
• 16.5 Pump Deliverability and Power Requirements
• 16.6 Procedure for Pumping Unit Selection
• 16.7 Principles of Pump Performance Analysis
• 16.8 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 17. Gas Lift

• Abstract
• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Gas Lift System
• 17.3 Evaluation of Gas Lift Potential
• 17.4 Gas Lift Gas Compression Requirements
• 17.5 Selection of Gas Lift Valves
• 17.6 Special Issues in Intermittent-Flow Gas Lift
• 17.7 Design of Gas Lift Installations
• 17.8 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 18. Other Artificial Lift Methods

• Abstract
• 18.1 Introduction
• 18.2 Electrical Submersible Pump
• 18.3 Hydraulic Piston Pumping
• 18.4 Progressive Cavity Pumping
• 18.5 Plunger Lift
• 18.6 Hydraulic Jet Pumping
• 18.7 Summary
• References
• Problems

Part V: Pipeline Flow Assurance

Chapter 19. Pipeline Precommissioning and Testing

• Abstract
• 19.1 Introduction
• 19.2 Pipeline Flooding, Cleaning, and Gauging Operations
• 19.3 Pipeline Hydrotesting and Leak Testing
• 19.4 Pipeline Dewatering, Drying, and Purging
• 19.5 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 20. Gas Hydrate Control

• Abstract
• 20.1 Introduction
• 20.2 Hydrate Forming Condition
• 20.3 Hydrate Prevention and Mitigation
• 20.4 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 21. Other Flow Assurance Issues

• Abstract
• 21.1 Introduction
• 21.2 Fluid Sampling and Characterizations
• 21.3 Flow Assurance Analysis
• 21.4 Summary
• References
• Problems

Chapter 22. Pipeline Pigging

• Abstract
• 22.1 Introduction
• 22.2 Pigging System
• 22.3 Selection of Pigs
• 22.4 Major Applications
• 22.5 Pigging Procedure
• 22.6 Summary
• References
• Problems