Oncology Rehabilitation

A Comprehensive Guidebook for Clinicians

1st Edition - July 23, 2022
Authors: Deborah Doherty, Chris Wilson, Lori Boright
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 0 8 7 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 1 0 8 8 - 3

Use evidence-based intervention techniques to care for persons diagnosed and living with and beyond cancer! Oncology Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Guidebook for Clinicians descr… Read more

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Use evidence-based intervention techniques to care for persons diagnosed and living with and beyond cancer! Oncology Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Guidebook for Clinicians describes the adverse effects caused by cancer treatment and shows how to use oncology rehabilitation to optimize the quality of life for persons living with and beyond cancer at all stages of life. Guidelines help you build skills in pre-diagnosis, prevention of cancer-related fatigue and pain, active treatment, and end-of-life care, all as an integral part of an interdisciplinary cancer management team. Written by physical therapists for physical therapists, this text provides best practices for manual therapy, exercise testing and exercise programs, and treatment of adverse effects by body system throughout the patient’s cancer journey.

Cover Image
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Reviewers
Contributors
Biography
Preface
Foreword
Table of Contents
Video Contents
Unit I Foundational Oncology Concepts
Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Cancer
Chapter Outline
What Is Cancer?
Epidemiology
Hallmarks of Cancer
Cancer Classifications
Common Terms and Definitions
Risk Factors
Signs and Symptoms of Cancer
Molecular and Clinical Analysis of Cancer
Other Considerations
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 2 Foundations of Oncology Rehabilitation
Chapter Outline
What Is Oncology Rehabilitation?
Survivorship
Onc R for Primary Prevention
Patient Navigation
Treatment Summaries and Survivorship Care Plans
Health Promotion
Survivorship With Advanced Cancer
Cancer Wellness/Integrative Oncology
Patient-Centered Care
Models of Oncology Rehabilitation
Standard Setting for Oncology Rehabilitation Services
Onc R Tools for Plan of Care Development
Annual Rehab Screening
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 3 Evidence-Based Practice in Oncology Rehabilitation
Chapter Outline
Evidence-Based Practice Background
Statistics and Psychometrics
Outcome Measures
Evidence-Based Practice Oncology Rehabilitation Resources
Conclusion
Review Questions
References
Chapter 4 The Biological Basis and Diagnostic Evaluation of Cancer
Chapter Outline
Introduction to the Pathophysiology of Cancer
The Molecular Basis of Cancer
Diagnostic Imaging
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 5 Medical Management and Cancer Treatments
Chapter Outline
Introduction
History and Background of Cancer Treatment
Overview of Cancer Treatment
Cancer Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Bone Marrow Transplant
Biologic Therapies
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
eAppendix 5.1
References
Chapter 6 Pharmacological Principles in Cancer Care
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Overview of Important Pharmacological Principles
Targeting Specific Cell Cycle Phases With Chemotherapy
Supportive Therapy
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Unit II Adverse Effects of Oncologic Treatment by System
Chapter 07 Musculoskeletal System
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Effects on Bone
Effects on Tissue
Effects on Muscles and Joints
Effect on Body Mechanics and Posture
Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
Common Treatments for Musculoskeletal System
Education Topics in Rehabilitation
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 8 Neurological System
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Brain and Spinal Tumors
Other Considerations of CNS Syndromes
Medical Assessment Tools
Medical Treatment for Primary and Metastatic Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors
Chemotherapeutic Adverse Effects onthe Nervous System
Hormone and Biological Therapies
Neurological Rehabilitation Assessment Measures
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 9 Lymphatic and Integumentary Systems
Chapter Outline
Lymphatic System
Integumentary System
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 10 Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Common Adverse Effects of Treatment
Measurement Tools to Screen for Adverse Effects
Contraindications and Indications to Terminate Exercise
Common Treatments for Adverse Effects
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 11 Gastrointestinal System
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Risk Factors
Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System
Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System
Primary Versus Secondary Disease
Diagnosis/Staging Criteria
Continuum of Care for Gastrointestinal Population
Common Adverse Effects
Adverse Effects From Radiation
Chemotherapeutic Agents and Their Implications
Chemotherapy During the Continuum of Cancer Treatment
Immunotherapy
Implications for Oncology Rehabilitation
Surgical Interventions and Adverse Effects
Measurement Tools for Screening and Evaluation of Adverse Effects
Precautions and Contraindications for Treating Adverse Effects
Rehabilitation Strategies for Prevention and Management of Adverse Effects
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 12 Genitourinary and Gynecological Systems
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Common Adverse Effects to the Genitourinary and Gynecological Systems
Genitourinary and Gynecological Adverse Effects of Cancer Treatments
Measurement Tools to Screen for and Evaluate Adverse Effects
Common Treatments for Each Adverse Effect
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 13 Immune System
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity
The Pathophysiology of Malignancy and Coagulopathies
Challenges in Cancer Immunology: Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship, Novel Pathogens, and COVID-19
Common Adverse Effects of Treatments
Measurement Tools to Screen for and/or Evaluate Each Adverse Effect
General Considerations for Onc R
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Review Questions
References
Chapter 14 Psychosocial Considerations
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Newly Diagnosed With Cancer
Surgery
Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy
Radiation
Hormonal Therapies
Long Treatment Course
Post-Treatment Survivorship
Cognition
Psychosocial Challenges—A Deeper Dive
Measurement Tools for Screening or Evaluation
When Is a Person in Distress?
Treatment Interventions
Coordination of Care
Compassion Fatigue in the Clinician
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Unit III Management of Common Oncologic Diagnoses
Chapter 15 Breast Cancer
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Diagnosis, Staging, and Classification of BC
Breast Cancer Surgeries
Reconstruction After Mastectomy
Medical Treatment Modalities for Breast Cancer
Radiation Therapy
Common Findings and Evaluation
Human Movement Issues in Breast Cancer
Onc R Management Approach
Special Topics
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 16 Genitourinary and Gynecological Cancers
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Cancers of the Genitourinary and Gynecological Systems
Other Genitourinary and Gynecological Cancers
Psychosocial Issues in Genitourinary and Gynecological Cancers
The LGBTQIA+ Experience With Cancer
Patient Management Model
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 17 Colorectal Cancer
Chapter Outline
Anatomy and Physiology of the Colon
Demographics, Prevalence, and Prognosis
Medical Diagnosis
Oncology Rehabilitation Evaluation of Persons Managed by Surgical Intervention
Chemotherapy Interventions for Colorectal Cancer
Oncology Rehabilitation Evaluation for PLWBCs Managed With Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy for Colorectal Cancer
Oncology Rehabilitation Evaluation for Persons Managed With Radiation Therapy
Gastrointestinal System Oncology Rehabilitation
Metastatic Disease
Plan of Care
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 18 Lung Cancer
Chapter Outline
Overview
History and Patient Assessment
Goals of Therapy for Different Phases of Lung Cancer
Interventions to Improve Function
Special Considerations Related to Lung Cancer
Future of Lung Cancer
Conclusion
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 19 Head and Neck Cancers
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Head and Neck Anatomy
Medical Management of Head and Neck Cancer
Multi-Disciplinary Teams
Patient Client Management
Evaluation and Diagnosis
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 20 Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Epidemiology
Bony and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Etiology and Risk Factors of Soft Tissue and Bony Sarcomas
Clinical Presentation
Medical Management for Sarcomas
Pain
Roles of Oncology Rehabilitation Clinicians for Patients Living With and Recovering From Sarcomas
Outpatient Rehabilitation
Treatment Interventions
Therapeutic Activity
Exercise Therapy
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 21 Hematological Cancers
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Multiple Myeloma
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Rehabilitation Considerations in the Hematological Cancers
Assessment
Differential Diagnoses
Rehabilitation Interventions
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Unit IV Important Considerations
Chapter 22 Cancer Pain
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Physiology of Pain
Assessment
Interventions
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 23 Exercise Testing, Prescription, and Intervention
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Molecular Physiology of Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Muscle Hypertrophy, and Muscle Atrophy
National and International Recognition for the Benefits of E/PA
Five Levels of Prevention
Goals and Benefits of Exercise/Physical Activity
Screening and Assessing Functional Performance Status
Exercise Prescription
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 24 Acute Care and Inpatient Management
Chapter Outline
Introduction
The Varied Inpatient Journey
The Role of the Oncology Rehabilitation Clinician in the Acute Care Setting
Establishing Medical Stability in the Acutely Ill Person With Cancer
Physical Assessments and Selected Interventions in the Inpatient Setting
Safe Patient Handling and Mobility (SPHM)
Rehabilitation Interventions in the Acute Setting
Discharge Considerations for PWCs
Communication During Care Coordination
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 25 Pediatric Cancer Management
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Childhood Leukemias
Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors
Nephroblastoma
Neuroblastoma
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT)
Rehabilitation Management of Pediatric Oncology
Pediatric and Treatment Specific Considerations
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Studies
Review Questions
References
Chapter 26 Young Cancer Survivors
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Building a Therapeutic Working Relationship
Rehabilitation Considerations for the AYA Living With or Beyond Cancer
Supporting Participation in Life Activities and Roles
Mental Health, Motivation, and Engagement: Issues for Clinical Practice
Other Needs of AYAs
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 27 Prehabilitation
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Components
Outcome Measures
Interventions
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 28 Long-Term Survivorship and Late Effect Management
Chapter Outline
Long-Term Survivorship
Late Effects
Rehabilitation Implications for Long-Term Survivorship and Late Effects
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 29 Palliative and End of Life Care
Chapter Outline
Cancer Remains a Terminal Illness for Some
The Palliative Care Philosophy and Approach
Burden of Chronic Diseases
Integrating With the PC Team
The Process of Advance Care Planning
Rehabilitation in Palliative and End of Life Care
Courses of Disease Processes
Care Transitions Within PC
Communication Keys With Palliative Care
Saying Goodbye as a Healthcare Provider
Functional Outcome Measures
Family and Caregiver Issues
Terminal Cancer Pain
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 30 Wellness, Health Promotion, and Prevention
Chapter Outline
Wellness Scope of Practice
Prevention
Motivational Interviewing
Wellness (Supportive Care) and Symptom Reduction
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Unit V Administrative Aspects of Oncology Rehabilitation
Chapter 31 Building and Sustaining an Oncology Rehabilitation Program
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Establishing a Philosophy of Care
The Impetus for Developing an Oncology Rehabilitation Program
Value-Based Oncology Rehabilitation
The Science of Program Implementation
Strategies for Integration of Rehabilitation Into the Cancer Team
Building the Program Processes and Procedures
Accreditation Guidelines and Supporting Organizations
Building the Program for the Entire Disease Journey
Marketing Oncology Rehabilitation Services
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 32 Advocacy and Public Policy
Chapter Outline
Describing Advocacy
The Current State of the Field of Oncology Rehabilitation
Unjust Oncology Rehabilitation Services
Advocating for Just Oncology Rehabilitation Services
Opportunities for Advocacy
Education and Awareness Raising for Community Members
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Chapter 33 Ethical, Legal, and Financial Aspects
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Ethical Considerations
Legal Aspects
Financial Aspects and Considerations
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Review Questions
References
Chapter 34 Billing, Coding, and Documentation
Chapter Outline
Introduction
Documentation
Documenting the Evaluation
Diagnostic Coding for Payment
Treatment Note
Progress Reports
Discharge Note
Documentation for Telehealth
Billing
Maintenance Therapy
Prehabilitation
Audits and Denials
Documenting Equipment Needs
Conclusion
Critical Research Needs
Case Study
Review Questions
An Audit Awareness Checklist
Billing
Administration
References
Letter of Medical Necessity for a Lymphedema Garment
Letter of Medical Necessity for a Walker
Evaluation Results
Letter of Medical Necessity for a Wheelchair and/or Cushion
Manual Wheelchair
Wheelchair Cushion
References
Chapter 35 Research and Scholarship
Chapter Outline
Introduction
State of the Literature and Clinical Practice
The Research Journey
Institutional Review Board
Deciding on the Research Study Type
Participating in Multi-Site or Consortium Studies
Funding for Clinical Research
Implementing the Research Study
Disseminating the Research
Conclusion
Case Study
Review Questions
References
Answer Key
Index