Microcomputers for Process Control

1. Survey of Microprocessor Applications


1.1 Introduction


1.2 Mass-Produced Consumer Devices


1.3 Commercial Systems


1.4 Factory Applications


1.5 "Hidden" Microcomputers


1.6 Telecommunications


1.7 Single-Board Computers


1.8 Miscellaneous Applications


1.9 Future Applications


2. Microcomputer Technology


2.1 Number Systems


2.2 Logical Functions


2.3 Integrated Circuits


2.4 Main Elements in a Microcomputer


2.5 The CPU


2.6 The Fetch/Execute Cycle


2.7 ROM Memory


2.8 RAM Memory


2.9 Input/Output


2.10 The Bus System


2.11 DMA (Direct Memory Access)


2.12 Software Concepts


2.13 Typical Instruction Set


2.14 Microprocessor Survey


3. Plant Measurements and Microcomputer Interface


3.1 Introduction


3.2 Temperature Measurement


3.3 Flow Measurement


3.4 Pressure Measurement


3.5 Level Measurement


3.6 Weight Measurement


3.7 Chemical Analysis


3.8 Miscellaneous Measurements


3.9 Signal Ranges


3.10 Digital Inputs


3.11 Analogue Outputs


3.12 Digital Outputs


3.13 Digital Instrumentation


3.14 Amplifier Techniques


3.15 Typical Plant Interface


3.16 Installation Details


3.17 Telemetry


4. Microcomputer System Hardware


4.1 Microcomputer Configuration


4.2 Storage Techniques


4.3 Floppy Disc


4.4 Hard Disc


4.5 Magnetic Tape Cassette


4.6 Printers


4.7 Television Monitor


4.8 VDU


4.9 Keyboards


4.10 Graph Plotter


4.11 Serial Transmission


4.12 Analogue/Digital Conversion


4.13 Digital/Analogue Conversion


4.14 Multiplexed Input/Output


4.15 System Back-up (Duality)


5. VDU-Based Systems for Plant Monitoring


5.1 Minis and Micros for Display


5.2 "Shared Display" Systems


5.3 Typical Proprietary "Shared Display" Systems


5.4 Small Tailored Display Systems


5.5 Mimic Representation


5.6 Instrument Data Display


5.7 Trend Recording


5.8 Online Design Facilities


5.9 Printer Logging


6. Modes of Control


6.1 General Methods of Computer Control


6.2 Principle of Continuous Control


6.3 Conventional Controllers


6.4 Supervisory Control


6.5 Direct Digital Control (DDC)


6.6 Microcomputer 3-term Controller


6.7 On/Off and Batch Control


6.8 Mathematical Modeling


6.9 More Complex Control Techniques


7. Microcomputer System Software


7.1 Programming Techniques


7.2 Programming Languages


7.3 Development Facilities


7.4 Executive Routines


7.5 Utility Modules


7.6 Scanning Routines


7.7 Calculation Routines


7.8 Display Programming


7.9 Data Storage


7.10 System Loading


7.11 Hardware Diagnostic Routines


8. Applications


8.1 Distributed Processing System


8.2 Outstations


8.3 Sequence Controls


8.4 Pushing-Car Position Logging


8.5 Water-Turbine Governor


8.6 Personal Computer for Process Control


9. OPerating Details for Specific Microcomputers


9.1 The Apple II Microcomputer


9.2 The Texas 9900 Microcomputer

Index