Microbiology in Clinical Practice

Microbiology in Clinical Practice

2nd Edition - December 31, 1984

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  • Author: D. C. Shanson
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483183695

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Description

Microbiology in Clinical Practice presents the infections and syndromes caused by micro-organisms. It discusses the management of infective diseases and aetiological agents. It addresses the latex agglutination, immunofluorescent, monoclonal antibody, and nucleic acid probe investigations. Some of the topics covered in the book are the classification and pathogenicity of microbes; classification of bacteria; classification of viruses; classification of fungi; general principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy; antibiotic sensitivity tests; procedures in the laboratory for microbiological diagnosis; and the mode of action of antimicrobial drugs. The resistance to antimicrobial drugs are covered. The microbiological investigations of septicaemia are discussed. The text describes the human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS in infants. A study of the congenital immunodeficiency and impaired resistance to infection is presented. A chapter is devoted to the predisposing factors for anaerobic infections. Another section focuses on the infections of the central nervous system. The book can provide useful information to doctors, pathologists, neurologists, students, and researchers.

Table of Contents


  • Foreword to First Edition

    Preface to Second Edition

    Preface to First Edition

    'Priority' Reading

    Abbreviations

    Acknowledgments for Illustrations

    Section A: General Principles

    1 Classification and Pathogenicity of Microbes

    Classification of Bacteria

    Classification of Viruses

    Classification of Fungi

    Pathogenesis: Factors Affecting 'Virulence' and Spread of Microbes

    Appendix: Basic Characteristics of Some Important Bacterial Pathogens

    2 Use of The Microbiology Laboratory—General Principles

    Collection of Clinically Relevant Specimens

    Provision of Essential Clinical Information

    Prior Discussion with the Microbiologist

    Collection of Good Quality Specimens

    Transport of Specimens to the Laboratory

    Procedures in the Laboratory for Microbiological Diagnosis

    Antibiotic Sensitivity Tests

    Appendix 1 : Some Microbiological Methods

    Appendix 2: Basic Virological Investigations

    3 Antimicrobial Chemotherapy—General Principles

    Mode of Action of Antimicrobial Drugs

    Spectrum Of Activity Of Antimicrobial Agents

    General Principles of Use of Antimicrobial Drugs

    Pharmacokinetic Factors

    Use of Microbiological Investigations in The Management of Therapy

    Antibiotic Assays

    Causes of Failure of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

    Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs

    Antibiotic Prophylaxis

    Appendix: Notes on Antimicrobial Drugs Including Some 'New' Antibiotics

    Section B: Specific Clinical Topics

    4 Pyrexia of Undetermined Origin (PUO)

    Definition of PUO

    Major Causes of PUO

    Infective Causes of PUO

    Investigation of PUO

    Special Investigations

    5 Septicaemia

    Clinical Features

    Causative Organisms

    Microbiological Investigations of Septicaemia

    Antibiotic Treatment of Septicaemia

    Prevention of Septicaemia

    Appendix: Instructions for the Collection of Conventional Blood Cultures

    6 Opportunistic Infections

    Opportunistic' Organisms

    Opportunistic Conditions

    Diagnosis of Opportunistic Infections

    Treatment of Opportunistic Infections

    Prevention of Opportunistic Infections

    7 Obstetric, Perinatal and Neonatal Infections

    Infections in Pregnancy

    Perinatal Infections

    Neonatal and Congenital Infections

    Puerperal Sepsis and Post-Partum Pyrexia

    Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and AIDS in Infants

    Gynecological Infections

    8 Infections In Children

    Respiratory Tract Infections

    Specific Childhood Fevers

    Some Other Infections in Childhood

    Congenital Immunodeficiency and Impaired Resistance to Infection

    Immunization

    Appendix: List of Infectious Diseases Notifiable in Britain

    9 Anaerobic Infections

    Definition of an Anaerobe

    Classification of Anaerobes

    Predisposing Factors for Anaerobic Infections

    Non-Sporing Anaerobic Infections

    Clostridial Infections

    10 Infections of the Central Nervous System

    Meningitis

    Encephalitis

    Cerebral Abscesses

    Extradural Spinal Abscess

    Guillain-Barré Syndrome

    Congenital Central Nervous System Infections

    11 ENT and Eye Infections

    Ear, Nose and Throat Infections

    Eye Infections

    12 Infections of the Lower Respiratory Tract

    Normal Flora of the Lower Respiratory Tract

    Acute Trachea-Bronchitis

    Infective Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis

    Influenza

    Para-Influenza

    Pneumonia

    Legionnaires5 Disease

    Aspergillus Broncho-Pulmonary Diseases

    Farmer's Lung

    Bronchiectasis

    Cystic Fibrosis

    Lung Abscess

    Empyema

    13 Mycobacterial and Actinomycete Infections

    Mycobacterial Infections

    Tuberculosis

    Opportunist Mycobacteria

    Leprosy

    Actinomycete Infections

    14 Infections of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract

    Normal Flora of the Gastro-Intestinal Tract

    Water as a Vehicle of Infection

    Enteric Fever

    Gastro-Enteritis and Food Poisoning

    Acute Diarrhea in Childhood

    Infantile Gastro-Enteritis

    Dysentery

    Cholera

    Giardiasis

    Winter Vomiting Disease

    Traveller's Diarrhea

    Tropical Sprue

    Blind Loop Syndrome

    Antibiotic-Induced Diarrhea

    Pseudo-Membranous Colitis

    More Recently Recognized Causes of Gastro-Intestinal Tract Infections

    15 Hepatic Infections

    Viral Hepatitis

    Other Infective Causes of Jaundice

    Liver Abscess

    16 Skin Infections and Infestations

    Normal Flora of Skin

    Causative Organisms

    Skin Lesions Associated with Bacterial Infection

    Bacteriological Investigations

    Treatment

    Skin Lesions Associated with Viral Infections

    Skin Lesions Associated with Fungal Infections

    Skin Lesions Associated with Protozoa

    Skin Lesions Associated with Worm Infestations

    Skin Lesions Associated with Insect Infestations

    17 Bone And Joint Infections

    Pathogenesis

    Bone Infections

    Joint Infections (Septic Arthritis) and 'Reactive' Arthritis

    Treatment of Bone and Joint Infections (Non-Tuberculous)

    Tuberculosis of Bones And Joints

    18 Infections of The Heart

    Infective Endocarditis

    Infective Myocarditis and Pericarditis

    19 Infections of the Urinary Tract

    Normal Flora of the Urinary Tract

    Definition of Urinary Tract Infection

    Significant Bacteriuria

    Clinical Pathological Categories

    Pathogenesis

    Predisposing Factors

    Effects of Urinary Tract Infections

    Causative Organisms

    Investigation of Urinary Tract Infections

    Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections

    Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections

    20 Sexually Transmitted Diseases

    Causative Organisms

    Incidence of Some Sexually Transmitted Diseases

    Bacterial Infections

    Lymphogranuloma Venereum

    Non-Specific Urethritis

    Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

    Viral Infections

    Fungal Infection

    Protozoal Infection

    Balanitis

    Arthropod Infestations

    Summary of Diagnostic Microbiological Investigations for Patients with Suspected Sexually Transmitted Diseases

    21 AIDS and Other Diseases Caused by Retroviruses

    Molecular Genetics of HIV

    Immunopathogenesis of AIDS and Latency of HIV Infection

    Clinical-Pathological Definition of AIDS

    Epidemiology

    Clinical Manifestations of HIV Infection

    Revised 1987 Definition of AIDS 488

    Opportunistic Infections Indicative of AIDS and Their Management

    Microbiological Investigation of HIV Infection

    Infection Control Precautions to Prevent Transmission of HIV to Patients and Staff

    Drugs to Treat HIV Infection

    Future Prospects

    Appendix: The Full Definition of AIDS

    22 Zoonoses

    Definition

    Modes of Transmission

    Bacterial Zoonoses

    Rickettsial Zoonoses

    Viral Zoonoses

    Chlamydial Zoonoses

    Fungal Zoonoses

    Protozoal Zoonoses

    Worm Zoonoses

    23 Arthropod-Borne Infections and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

    Arthropod Vectors of Infectious Diseases

    Diseases Transmitted by Arthropod Vectors

    Arthropod-Borne Infections Imported Into Britain

    Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

    24 Worms (Helminths)

    Cestodes (Tapeworms)

    Nematodes (Roundworms)

    Filarial Nematodes

    Trematodes (Flukes)

    25 Hospital Infection 573

    General Considerations

    Different Types of Hospital-Acquired Infection

    Organisms Causing Hospital-Acquired Infections

    Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections

    Surgical Wound Infections

    Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

    Intensive Care Units and Hospital-Acquired Infection

    Infective Hazards of Intravenous Infusion Therapy

    Tuberculosis, Viral Hepatitis and AIDS 601

    Appendix: Typing of Organisms and Isolation Procedures

    26 Disinfection and Sterilization

    Definition of Terms

    Disinfection

    Sterilization

    CSSD and TSSU

    Index


Product details

  • No. of pages: 680
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Butterworth-Heinemann 1984
  • Published: December 31, 1984
  • Imprint: Butterworth-Heinemann
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483183695

About the Author

D. C. Shanson

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