Metabolic Inhibitors V3

A Comprehensive Treatise

1st Edition - January 1, 1972
Editor: R Hochster
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 7 1 5 - 6

Metabolic Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume III reviews developments in metabolic and enzyme inhibition. With contributions by investigators experienced in their… Read more

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Metabolic Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume III reviews developments in metabolic and enzyme inhibition. With contributions by investigators experienced in their respective fields, the book explores metabolic processes or systems and covers topics ranging from membrane transport to immunization; gene activity; DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses; photosynthesis; lipid metabolism; and blood clotting. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of transport reactions and their inhibition, emphasizing inhibitors of ATPase including cations, substrates, and products. Some chapters deal with inhibitors, such as antibiotics; polypeptide and protein hormones; modified transfer RNAs; and oligonucleotides. Other chapters discuss inhibitors of immune reactions; animal virus replication; plant viruses and mycoplasma; and isozymes. An account of genetic deletions is also given. Finally, the book considers molecules that act as repressors and derepressors of gene activity. This book will be beneficial to biochemists and medical research workers, as well as to virologists, microbiologists, plant physiologists, and agronomists.

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Other Volumes

Dedication

Chapter 1 Inhibition of Transport Reactions

A. Inhibitors of ATPase: NaK-ATPase and Related Enzymic Activities

I. The Relationship of NaK-ATPase to Cation Transport

II. Inhibitory Effects of Cations, Substrates, and Products

III. Inhibitory Effects of CaCl2

IV. Cardioactive Steroid Inhibitors

V. Inhibitory Effects of Erythrophleum Alkaloids

VI. Inhibitory Effects of Sulfhydryl Reagents

VII. Effects of Oligomycin on NaK-ATPase and Related Enzymic Activities

VIII. The Influence of Hydroxylamine on NaK-ATPase

IX. Inhibition by Fluoride

X. Inhibition by Diisopropylfluorophosphate

XI. Inhibition by Berylium Ions

XII. Effects of Neurotropic Agents Including Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

XIII. Effects of Phlorizin, Phloretin, and Diethylstilbestrol

XIV. Effects of Miscellaneous Agents

References

Chapter 2 Inhibition of Transport Reactions

B. Sugars

I. Introduction

II. Classification of Sugar Transport Systems

III. Sugar Transport Inhibitors

References

Chapter 3 Inhibition of Transport Reactions

C. Control of Amino Acid Transfer

I. Introduction

II. Methods of Controlling Amino Acid Transfer

III. Amino Acid Structure

IV. Systems for Amino Acid Transfer

V. Amino Acid Interactions

VI. Sodium and Amino Acid Transfer

VII. Potassium and Amino Acid Transfer

VIII. Calcium and Amino Acid Transfer

IX. Amino Acid Transfer and pH

X. Effects of Other Changes in Environment

XI. Relationship of Amino Acid Transfer to Other Solute Transfer Systems

XII. Control of Amino Acid Accumulation

XIII. Influence of Hormones on Amino Acid Transfer

XIV. Energy Considerations

XV. Amino Acid Transfer and Genetics

References

Chapter 4 Inhibitors of Immune Reactions

I. Introduction

II. Immunosuppressants

III. Variables That Determine the Success of an Immunosuppresive Regimen

IV. Immunosuppressive Mechanisms

V. Human Applications

References

Chapter 5 Repressors and Derepressors of Gene Activity

I. Introduction

II. Prokaryote Transcription

III. RNA Polymerase Control Factors

IV. Eukaryote Transcription

V. Gene Replication

VI. Summary

References

Chapter 6 Inhibitors of RNA and DNA Biosynthesis

I. Introduction

II. Inhibitors of RNA Synthesis

III. Inhibitors of DNA Synthesis

IV. Inhibitors of Both RNA and DNA Synthesis

V. RNA-Dependent DNA Synthesis

References

Chapter 7 Genetic Deletions

I. Introduction

II. Selection and Detection of Mutants Bearing Potential Deletions

III. Operational Criteria for Establishing a Mutation as a Deletion

VI. The Frequency, Topography, and Topology of Deletion Mutations

V. Enzymes That Cut and Repair DNA

VI. Agents That May Promote Deletions

VII. Hypothetical Mechanisms

VIII. Conclusions

References

Chapter 8 Inhibitors of Animal Virus Replication

I. Introduction

II. Compounds Affecting the Early Steps of Virus Replication

III. Compounds Affecting the Late Steps of Virus Replication

IV. Inhibitors of Virus-Specific RNA Synthesis

V. Inhibitors of Virus Protein Synthesis: Cycloheximide, Streptovitacin A, and Puromycin

VI. Inhibitors of Viral DNA Synthesis

References

Chapter 9 Inhibitors of Plant Viruses and Mycoplasma

I. Introduction

II. Substances That Interfere with Establishment of Virus Infection

III. Inhibitors of Virus Increase

IV. Effect of Tetracyclines on Plant-Pathogenic Mycoplasmas

References

Chapter 10 Novel Antibiotics as Metabolic Inhibitors

I. Introduction

II. Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis

III. Interaction of Antibiotics with Lipid Membranes

IV. Inhibitors of the Respiratory Chain and Energy Transfer

V. Inhibitors of DNA Replication and Transcription

VI. Antibiotic Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

VII. A Potpourri of Antibiotics

VIII. Chemical Structure and Biological Activity of Antibiotics

IX. The Origin and Function of Antibiotics

References

Chapter 11 Polypeptide and Protein Hormones as Inhibitors

I. Introduction

II. Structure and Mode of Action of Protein and Polypeptide Hormones

III. Hormones That Act as Inhibitors

IV. Hormone Analogs as Inhibitors

V. Conclusion

References

Chapter 12 Inhibition of Isozymes

I. Introduction

II. Metabolic Significance of Isozymes and the Role of Inhibitors in Their Study

III. The Role of Inhibitors in Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for the Generation of Isozymes

IV. Inhibition of LDH Isozymes

V. Conclusions

References

Author Index

Subject Index