McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent

11th Edition - February 2, 2021
Editor: Jeffrey A. Dean
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 9 8 2 0 - 7
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 9 8 2 1 - 4

Get the expert knowledge you need to provide quality oral care to pediatric patients! Trusted for more than 50 years, McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adole… Read more

McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent

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Get the expert knowledge you need to provide quality oral care to pediatric patients! Trusted for more than 50 years, McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent, 11th Edition provides the latest diagnostic and treatment recommendations for infants, children, and adolescents. It covers topics ranging from pediatric examination and radiographic techniques to development and morphology of the primary teeth, dental caries, dental materials, and local anesthesia. Another point of emphasis is the management of patients with special medical issues. On the Expert Consult website, you’ll find a fully searchable version of the entire text along with case studies and step-by-step procedure videos. From internationally known educator Jeffrey A. Dean, this resource provides everything you need to prepare for board certification and succeed in clinical practice.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Reviewers
Foreword to the 11th edition of McDonald and Avery’s Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent: a historical review
Preface and Acknowledgements
Part 1. Diagnoses
1. Examination of the Mouth and Other Relevant Structures
Introduction
Initial Parental Contact with the Dental Office
The Diagnostic Method
Preliminary Medical, Dental, Family, and Social History
Clinical Examination
Temporomandibular Evaluation
Uniform Dental Recording
Radiographic Examination
Early Examination
Infant Dental Care
Detection of Substance Abuse
Suicidal Tendencies in Children and Adolescents
Infection Control in the Dental Office
Emergency Dental Treatment
2. Radiographic Techniques
Radiation Safety and Protection
Radiographic Image Receptors
Radiographic Techniques
Selection Criteria and Radiographic Examinations
Interpretation of Radiographs
3. Acquired and Developmental Disturbances of the Teeth and Associated Oral Structures
Common Disturbances in Children
Dentoalveolar Abscess
Cellulitis
Developmental Anomalies of the Teeth
Early Exfoliation of Teeth
Enamel Hypoplasia
Pre-Eruptive “Caries” (Pre-eruptive coronal resorption of the pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucency)
Taurodontism
Inherited Defects of Dentin
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Enamel and Dentin Aplasia
Supernumerary Teeth (Hyperdontia)
Agenesis of Teeth
Intrinsic Discoloration of Teeth (Pigmentation of Teeth)
Micrognathia (Robin Sequence)
Anomalies of the Tongue
Abnormal Labial Frenum
4. Development and Morphology of the Primary Teeth
Life Cycle of the Tooth
Early Development and Calcification of the Anterior Primary Teeth
Early Development and Calcification of the Posterior Primary Teeth and the First Permanent Molar
Morphology of Individual Primary Teeth
Morphologic Differences Between Primary and Permanent Teeth
Size and Morphology of the Primary Tooth Pulp Chamber and Canals
5. Oral Pathology of the Child and Adolescent
Introduction
Epithelial Lesions
Fibroma
Localized Gingival Swellings
Congenital Epulis
Localized Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Hyperplasia
Gingival and Palatal Cysts of the Newborn
Mucocele
Vascular Malformations
Lymphangioma
Benign Neoplasms
Benign Lesions of Bone
Malignant Tumors
6. Clinical Genetics for the Dental Practitioner
Review of Genetic Principles
Cell Differentiation and Developmental Biology
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Hereditary Traits in Families
Developmental Biology of Enamel
Autosomal Dominant (AD) Inheritance
Autosomal Recessive (AR) Inheritance
X-Linked of Sex-Linked Inheritance
Variation in Gene Expression
Complex/Multifactorial Inheritance
Influence of Genetic Factors on Major Cranofacial, Oral, and Dental Conditions
Genetics and Periodontal Disease
Genetics of Malocclusion
External Apical Root Resorption
Genetics of Cleft Lip and Palate
7. Child Abuse and Neglect
Defining Child Abuse
The Victims of Abuse
Possible Indicators of Child Abuse
Evaluating Suspected Cases of Child Abuse
Managing Suspected Cases of Child Abuse
Understanding the Legal Requirements
Conclusion
Part 2. Caries and Periodontology
8. Mechanical and Chemotherapeutic Home Oral Hygiene
Microbial Aspects of Oral Hygiene and Plaque Formation
Mechanical Methods of Plaque Control
Chemotherapeutic Plaque Control
Age-Specific Home Oral Hygiene Instructions
9. Nutritional Considerations for the Pediatric Dental Patient
MyPlate Food Guidance System
Dietary Intake Patterns
Malnutrition and Food Insecurity
Pediatric Undernutrition
Pediatric Overnutrition
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Q & A Concerning Pediatric Nutrition Issues
10. Dental Caries in the Child and Adolescent
Dentist’s Role in Caries Risk Assessment and Management
Etiology of Dental Caries
Early Childhood Caries, Severe Early Childhood Caries, Baby Bottle Tooth Decay
Additional Factors Known to Influence Dental Caries
Early Detection of Disease Activity
Prediction of Patients’ Risk for Future Disease (Risk Assessment)
Care Pathways for Caries Management
Other Preventive Therapies
Diagnostic Tools
Conclusion
Chapter 11. Pit-and-Fissure Sealants and Preventive Resin Restorations
Clinical Trials
Rationale for Use of Sealants
Selection of Teeth for Sealing
Sealant Technique
Preventive Resin Restoration (Sealed Composite Resin Restoration)
12. Restorative Dentistry
Introduction
Status of Common Restorative Materials
Maintenance of a Clean Field
Isolite System
Morphologic Considerations
Basic Principles in Cavity Preparation in Primary Teeth
Cavity Preparation in Primary Teeth
Restoration of Proximal Incisal Caries in Primary Anterior Teeth
Preparation of Cavities in Young Permanent Teeth
Stainless-Steel Crowns for Posterior Teeth
Cosmetic Zirconia Crowns (Video 12.6)
Alternative Restorative Treatment
Cosmetic Restorative Procedures for Young Permanent Anterior Teeth
Controversies in Pediatric Restorative Dentistry
Bleaching and Microabrasion
13. Dental Materials
Regulatory Considerations
The Tooth-Restoration Interface
Treatment of the Cavity Preparation
Temporary and Permanent Restorations
Restorative Resins
Amalgam
Ceramics
Other Aesthetic Alternatives/Fiberglass-Reinforced Resin
Cements
Bioactive Dental Materials
14. Treatment of Deep Caries, Vital Pulp Exposure, and Nonvital Teeth
Diagnostic Aids in the Selection of Teeth for Vital Pulp Therapy
Evaluation of Treatment Prognosis Before Pulp Therapy
Vital Pulp Therapy Techniques
Treatment of the Deep Caries Lesion
Vital Pulp Exposure
Nonvital Pulp Treatment With Irreversible Pulpitis or Necrotic Pulp
Summary of Pulp Therapy
Restoration of the Pulpally Involved Tooth
Reaction of the Pulp to Various Capping Materials and Use of Dental Stem Cells
Failures After Vital Pulp Therapy
Early Exfoliation or Over Retention of Primary Teeth With Pulp Treatments
15. Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease
Current Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions
Eruption Gingivitis
Dental Biofilm-Induced Gingivitis—Gingivitis Caused by Biofilm (Bacteria)
Allergy and Gingival Inflammation
Acute Gingival Disease
Chronic Nonspecific Gingivitis
Chlorhexidine as a Therapeutic Plaque Control Agent
Gingival Diseases Modified by Systemic Factors
Periodontal Diseases in Children
Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Disease
Clinical Assessment of Oral Cleanliness and Periodontal Disease
Extrinsic Stains and Deposits on Teeth
Calculus
Part 3. Pain Control and Behavior Guidance
16. Local Anesthesia and Pain Control for the Child and Adolescent
Topical Anesthetics
Jet Injection
Local Anesthesia by Conventional Injection
Anesthetization of Mandibular Teeth and Soft Tissue
Anesthetization of Maxillary Primary and Permanent Incisors and Canines
Anesthetization of Maxillary Primary Molars and Premolars
Anesthetization of Maxillary Permanent Molars
Anesthetization of the Palatal Tissues
Supplemental Injection Techniques
Complications After a Local Anesthetic
Reversal of Dental Anesthesia
Analgesics
17. Nonpharmacologic Management of Children’s Behaviors
Pediatric Dental Patients
Parents of Pediatric Patients
Strategies of the Dental Team
18. Pharmacologic Management of Patient Behavior
Definition of Terms
Fundamental Concepts
Nitrous Oxide Administration
Enteral Sedation Technique
Combinations of Methods and Agents
Facilities and Equipment
Documentation
Patient Selection and Preparation
Preoperative Evaluation
Monitoring
Concluding Thoughts
19. Hospital Dental Services for Children and the Use of General Anesthesia
Obtaining Hospital Staff Privileges
Indications for General Anesthesia in the Treatment of Children
Psychological Effects of Hospitalization on Children
Outpatient Versus Inpatient Surgery
Medical History and Physical Examination
Admission to the Hospital
Operating Room Protocol
Inhaled General Anesthesia and Conduct of Anesthesia
Neurotoxicity of Anesthetic Agents in Young Children
Anesthetic Preparation of the Child
Perioral Cleaning, Draping, and Placement of Pharyngeal Throat Pack
Restorative Dentistry in the Operating Room
Completion of the Procedure
Postanesthesia Care Unit
Postoperative Care
Part 4. Growth and Development
20. Eruption of the Teeth: Local, Systemic, and Congenital Factors that Influence the Process
Chronologic Development and Eruption of the Teeth
Lingual Eruption of Mandibular Permanent Incisors
Teething and Difficult Eruption
Natal and Neonatal Teeth
Epstein Pearls, Bohn Nodules, and Dental Lamina Cysts
Local and System Factors that Influence Eruption
21. Growth of the Face and Dental Arches
The Nature of Growth
Craniofacial Pattern
Growth and Facial Pattern
Growth and Pattern of Occlusion
Growth and Dental Arch Pattern
Summary
22. Cephalometrics and Facial Aesthetics: The Key to Complete Treatment Planning
Radiographic Technique
Cephalometric Tracing Technique
Reference Points for Lateral Tracing
Reference Lines, Angles, and Planes
Interpretation of Measurements
Lateral Cephalometric Assessment
Frontal (Posteroanterior) Cephalometric Assesment
Directions of Growth
Computerized Cephalometric Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
Anteroposterior Interarch Discrepancies
Facial Types
Vertical Arch Discrepancies
Angle Classification of Occlusion
Evaluation of Facial Aesthetics
23. Managing the Developing Occlusion
Development of Occlusion and Timing of Interventions
Early Loss of Teeth and Space Maintenance
Oral Habits in Children
Anterior Crossbite in Primary and Mixed Dentitions
Posterior Crossbite in Primary and Mixed Dentitions
Eruption Problems and Eruption “Guidance”
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Orthodontics
Comprehensive Orthodontics for the Developing Occlusion
24. Multidisciplinary Team Approach to Cleft Lip and Palate Management
Classification of Cleft Lip and Palate
Multidisciplinary Cleft Lip and Palate Team
General Responsibilities of Team Members
Multidisciplinary Sequencing of Treatment in Clefts
25. Prosthodontic Treatment of the Adolescent Patient
Restoration of Single Malformed, Discolored, or Fractured Teeth
Fixed Partial Dentures
Removable Partial Dentures
Overdentures
Implant Prostheses
Recare Program
Protective Mouthguards
Part 5. Management of Special Medical Issues and Practice Management
26. Dental Problems of Children with Special Health Care Needs
Dental Access
First Dental Visit
Radiographic Examination
Preventive Dentistry
Management of a Child With Special Health Care Needs During Dental Treatment
Intellectual Disability
Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21 Syndrome)
Learning Disabilities
Fragile X Syndrome
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Cerebral Palsy
Spina Bifida
Respiratory Diseases
Hearing Loss
Visual Impairment
Heart Disease
27. Management of the Medically Compromised Patient: Hematologic Disorders, Cancer, Hepatitis, and AIDS
Congenital Bleeding Disorders
Sickle Cell Disease
Childhood Cancers
Viral Hepatitis
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
28. Management of Trauma to the Teeth and Supporting Tissues
History and Examination
Emergency Treatment of Soft Tissue Injury
Emergency Treatment and Temporary Restoration of Fractured Teeth Without Pulp Exposure
Treatment of Vital Pulp Exposures
Therapy to Stimulate Root Growth and Apical Repair in Immature Teeth With Pulpal Necrosis
Reaction of the Tooth to Trauma
Restoration of Fractured Teeth
Reaction of Permanent Tooth Buds to Injury
Displacement of Primary and Permanent Anterior Teeth (Luxation)
Management of Oral Burns
Trauma Prevention
29. Oral Surgery for the Pediatric Patient
Simple Exodontia
Impacted Teeth
Associated Hard Tissue Lesions
Soft Tissue Procedures
Infection of the Head and Neck Region
Summary
30. Pediatric Oral Health and Dental Care: From Demography to Advocacy
Children in the United States
Pediatric Oral Disease Characteristics
Pediatric Dental Care
Advocacy Action in Support of Pediatric Oral Health
31. Practice Management
The Five Parts of a Successful Dental Practice
Part 1: Doctor’s Vision for the Practice
Part 2: Mission Statements: Practice and Team
Part 3: Fiscal Management
Part 4: Team Dynamics
Part 5: Systems
Index