Malnutrition and the Eye

Malnutrition and the Eye discusses the nutritional influences on vision structure and function. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 17 chapters that cover that nutritional aspects of vision, malnutrition, and eye diseases related to nutrient deficiency. The first part describes the anatomy, development, and growth of the eye. This part also examines the significant effect of intrauterine nutrition in the growth of the eye and its components. The second part focuses on the role of various nutrients in vision, such as vitamin A and B complex, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, cholesterol, and fats. This part also emphasizes the mechanism of congenital malformations related to malnutrition, together with the genetic factors induced by dietary deficiency. A discussion on the vision effects of ingested dietary and non-dietary toxins is included. The third part describes the eye problems and diseases related to nutrient deficiency. This book is of value to nutritionists, ophthalmologists, clinicians, and anatomists.

Foreword

Preface

Color Plates:

Figs. 54 And 55

Part A Nutritional Aspects of Vision

Chapter 1. The Adult Eye

I. General

II. Protective Coat

III. Vascular Coat

IV. Neuro-epithelial Layer

V. Contents of the Eye

Chapter 2 Development and Growth of the Eye

I. Development of the Eye

II. Growth of the Eye and Its Components

Part B Malnutrition in Animals

Chapter 3 Total and Aqueous Inanition

I. Total Inanition

II. Aqueous Inanition

Chapter 4. Vitamin A in Animal Malnutrition

I. Animal Xerophthalmia

II. The Functions of Vitamin A in the Body

III. Vitamin A and Sex

IV. Hypervitaminosis A

Chapter 5. Vitamins of the Î’ Complex in Animal Malnutrition

I. Introduction

II. The Ocular Glands and the Lids

III. The Conjunctiva and Cornea

IV. The Lens

V. The Retina

VI. The Optic Nerves and Pathways

VII. The Vitreous Body

Chapter 6. Other Vitamins and Some Elements

I. Introduction

II. Other Vitamins

III. Some Elements

Chapter 7. Proteins and Amino Acids

I. Introduction

II. Growth of the Eyeball

III. The Ocular Glands and Lids

IV. The Conjunctiva and Cornea

V. The Lens

VI. The Retina

VII. Protein and Vitamin A

Chapter 8. Carbohydrates, Cholesterol, and Fats

I. Introduction

II. Carbohydrates

III. Cholesterol

IV. Fats

Chapter 9. Congenital Malformations

I. Introduction

II. Vitamin A

III. Vitamins of the Î’ Complex

IV. Other Vitamins and Some Elements

Chapter 10. Ingestion of Toxic Substances

I. Non-dietary Ingested Toxins

II. Dietary Toxins

Part C Human Nutritional Eye Disease

Chapter 11. Starvation

Starvation

Chapter 12. Vitamin A in Human Nutritional Eye Disease

I. Vitamin A Deficiency 1

II. Vitamin A Intoxication

Chapter 13. Vitamins of the Î’ Complex in Human Nutritional Eye Disease

I. Introduction

II. Anterior Segment

III. The Posterior Segment

Chapter 14. Other Nutrients

I. Introduction

II. Vitamin C

III. Vitamin D

IV. Vitamin Ε

V. Vitamin Κ

VI. Vitamin Ρ

VII. Calcium and Phosphorus

VIII. Zinc

IX. Iron

X. Amino Acids and Protein

XI. Carbohydrate

XII. Cholesterol and Fats

Chapter 15. Ingestion of Toxic Substances

I. Non-dietary Ingested Toxins

II. Dietary Toxins

Chapter 16. Some Eye Problems in Malnourished Communities

I. Discrete Colliquative Keratopathy (D.C.K.)

II. Trachoma

III. Cataract

IV. Refractive Errors

V. Congenital Malformations

Chapter 17. Examination of the Eye in the Evaluation of Nutritional Status

I. Introduction

II. Methods of Examination

III. External Appearance of the Eye

IV. Recommendations for a Nutrition-Eye Survey

References

Author Index

Subject Index