Macleod's Clinical Examination
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This classic textbook aims to assist clinicians develop the consultation skills required to elicit a clear history, and the practical skills needed to detect clinical signs of disease. Where possible, the physical basis of clinical signs is explained to aid understanding. Formulation of a differential diagnosis from the information gained is introduced, and the logical initial investigations are included for each system.
Key Features
- The first part of the book addresses the general principles of good interaction with patients, from the basics of taking a history and examining, to the use of pattern recognition to identify spot diagnoses.
- The second part documents the relevant history, examination and investigations for all the major body systems.
- The third part illustrates the application of these skills to specific clinical situations.
- The final part covers preparation for assessments of clinical skills and the use of these skills in everyday practice.
- The book has accompanying videos demonstrating many of the key clinical examination routines as set out in the book.
Table of Contents
- Cover image
- Title Page
- Table of Contents
- John Macleod (1915–2006)
- Copyright
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- How to make the most of this book
- Examination sequences
- Clinical skills videos
- Key points in examinations: photo galleries
- Video contents
- Video production team
- Contributors
- Section 1 Principles of Clinical History and Examination
- Introduction
- 1 Managing clinical encounters with patients
- The clinical encounter
- Alternatives to face-to-face encounters
- Professional responsibilities
- Personal responsibilities
- 2 General aspects of history taking
- The importance of a clear history
- Gathering information
- Difficult situations
- 3 General aspects of examination
- General principles of physical examination
- Preparing for physical examination
- Sequence for performing a physical examination
- Initial observations
- Hands
- Skin
- Tongue
- Odours
- Body habitus and nutrition
- Lumps and lymph nodes
- Spot diagnoses
- Section 2 System-Based Examination
- Introduction
- 4 The cardiovascular system
- Heart
- Peripheral arterial system
- Peripheral venous system
- 5 The respiratory system
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Interpretation of the findings
- Investigations
- 6 The gastrointestinal system
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Investigations
- 7 The nervous system
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Cranial nerves
- Motor system
- Sensory system
- Peripheral nerves
- Interpretation of the findings
- Investigations
- 8 The visual system
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Investigations
- 9 The ear, nose and throat
- Ear
- Nose and sinuses
- Mouth, throat and neck
- 10 The endocrine system
- The thyroid
- The parathyroids
- The pituitary
- The adrenals
- The gonads
- Diabetes
- 11 The reproductive system
- Breast
- Female reproductive system
- Obstetric history and examination: the booking visit
- Routine antenatal check in later pregnancy
- Male reproductive system
- 12 The renal system
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Interpretation of the findings
- Investigations
- 13 The musculoskeletal system
- The history
- The physical examination
- Detailed examination of the musculoskeletal system
- Fractures, dislocations and trauma
- Investigations
- 14 The skin, hair and nails
- Anatomy and physiology
- The history
- The physical examination
- Investigations
- Section 3 Applying History and Examination Skills in Specific Situations
- Introduction
- 15 Babies and children
- Babies
- Older children
- 16 The patient with mental disorder
- The history
- The mental state examination
- The physical examination
- Collateral history
- Psychiatric rating scales
- Putting it all together: clinical vignettes
- 17 The frail elderly patient
- Assessment of the frail elderly patient
- The history
- The physical examination
- Interpretation of the findings
- 18 The deteriorating patient
- Vital signs
- Early warning scores
- Initial assessment
- The ABCDE approach
- Sepsis
- Ongoing management
- 19 The dying patient
- Assessing the dying patient
- Confirming and certifying death
- Looking after yourself and others
- Section 4 Putting History and Examination Skills to Use
- Introduction
- 20 Preparing for assessment
- General principles
- Methods of assessment
- Marking structures
- Approach to preparation
- Approach to assessment
- Putting it all together
- 21 Preparing for practice
- Adapting history and examination skills appropriately
- Integrated examination
- Diagnostic strategies
- Approach to the patient with medically unexplained symptoms
- Assessment of a patient with minor injury or illness
- Assessment of a critically ill patient
- Documenting your findings
- Communicating with colleagues
- Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 400
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Elsevier 2018
- Published: March 9, 2018
- Imprint: Elsevier
- eBook ISBN: 9780702069918
- Paperback ISBN: 9780702069932
About the Editors
J. Alastair Innes
Affiliations and Expertise
Consultant Physician, Respiratory Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh; Honorary Reader in Respiratory Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
Anna Dover
Affiliations and Expertise
Consultant in Diabetes, Endocrinology and General Medicine, Edinburgh Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh; Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer, University of Edinburgh, UK
Karen Fairhurst
Affiliations and Expertise
General Practice Principal, Mackenzie Medical Centre, Edinburgh; Clinical Senior Lecturer, Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
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