Life-Span Developmental Psychology

Dialectical Perspectives on Experimental Research

1st Edition - January 28, 1977
Editors: Nancy Datan, Hayne W. Reese
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 6 5 7 7 - 3

Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Dialectical Perspectives on Experimental Research is a compilation of papers that deals with the dialectical perspective focusing on the… Read more

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Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Dialectical Perspectives on Experimental Research is a compilation of papers that deals with the dialectical perspective focusing on the developmental process of the individual's interaction with the environment. Part 1 discusses the theoretical issues of psychological theorists such as Piaget and Kaplan. The text includes topics such as the dialectics of time and post-Newtonian metatheory for psychologists. One paper discusses the dialectic method and theory in the work of psychology as social proof structures, particularly when systems of action cause conflict with systems of thought. The text analyzes research versus theory through the Wundt-Titchener Laboratory example. Another paper addresses the status of dialectics in developmental psychology using the approach of theoretical orientation versus the scientific method. Part 2 presents research applications covering topics such as the phenomenological and a behavioral approach to remembering, as well as ""remembering"" in empiricism. Another paper addresses the dialectical perspectives of discriminative learning and transfer that includes both theory and research done on discriminative performance. This book will prove valuable for psychologists, behavioral therapists and researchers, and students in behavioral psychology.

List of Contributors

Preface

Acknowledgments

Dedication

Theoretical Issues

1. The Dialectics of Time

I. On the History of the Concepts of Space and Time

II. The Multiple Bases of Time: Time as Energy

III. The Interactive Determination of Time: Time as Transformation

IV. The Analyses of Event Sequences: Time as Construction

V. The Structure of Event Sequences

References

2. After the Apple: Post-Newtonian Metatheory for Jaded Psychologists

I. Quantum Mechanics: The Temptation and the Fall

II. The Seasons of Man: Toward an Organic Model of Time

III. Epigenesis Reconsidered: Biological Imperatives and Cultural Alternatives

IV. Dialectical Psychology: A Problem in the Sociology of Knowledge

V. Conclusion: The Fruits of Antithesis

References

3. Social Proof Structures: The Dialectic of Method and Theory in the Work of Psychology

I. Introduction

II. Research versus Theory in the Wundt-Titchener Laboratory

III. Some Control Cases

IV. The Pluralization of Psychology

V. The Principle of Proof versus the Principle of Consistency

VI. The Dialectic between Paradigms

VII. The Movements of Psychology

References

4. Behaviorism, Cognitive Psychology, and the Active Organism

I. Introduction

II. Methodological Behaviorism

III. Conditioning Theories

IV. Cognitive Psychology

V. Active and Reactive Organisms

VI. The Rejection of Theories

VII. Summary

References

5. Cohort, Age, and Time of Measurement: Biomorphic Considerations

I. Introduction

II. A Biomorphic Approach to Human Behavior

III. Age, Cohort, and Time

IV. Experimental and Analytic Approaches

References

6. The Status of Dialectics in Developmental Psychology: Theoretical Orientation versus Scientific Method

I. Introduction and Objective

II. The Research Issues in Developmental Psychology

III. Dialectics and Scientific Inquiry

IV. Dialectics and Developmental Psychology

References

7. Stability, Change, and Chance in Understanding Human Development

I. Toward Theoretical Evaluation

II. Theoretical Forms for Understanding Human Development

III. Constitutional and Cultural Contributions to an Aleatory Orientation

References

8. Another Look at the Issue of Continuity versus Change in Models of Human Development

Text

References

Research Applications

9. Dialectics and Research on Remembering

I. Dialectics

II. A Phenomenological and a Behavioral Approach to Remembering

III. The Reification of Memory

IV. Research Applications of a Dialectical Perspective

V. Conclusion

References

10. "Remembering" Is Alive and Well (and Even Thriving) in Empiricism

I. Introduction

II. Dialectics and World Hypotheses

III. On the Necessity for Structure

IV. The Historical-Social Context of the "Empirical Tradition"

V. The Figure/Ground Reversal in Contemporary Memory Research

VI. New Directions

References

11. Discriminative Learning and Transfer: Dialectical Perspectives

I. Introduction

II. Developmental Models of Discriminative Performance

III. Theory and Research on Discriminative Performance

IV. Conclusions

References

12. Behavioristic Perspectives on a Dialectical Model of Discriminative Learning and Transfer

I. Basic Premises

II. Current Stimulus-Response Theories

III. The Proposed Dialectical Model

IV. Is a New Theoretical Approach Needed?

V. Concluding Comments

References

13. A Transactional Model of Remembering

I. Development of Remembering Abilities

II. Interactional and Transactional Models

III. Remembering and Motor Actions

IV. Remembering and Cognition

V. Remembering and Personality

VI. Conclusion

References

14. Some Thoughts on Memory or Some Revised Memories of Some Old Thoughts

Text

References

15. Dialectics and Operant Conditioning

I. Introduction

II. Methodological and Radical Behaviorism

III. Experimental, Applied, and Conceptual Analysis of Behavior

IV. Dialectical Characteristics of Behavioral Analysis

References

16. Behaviorism and the Social System

Text

References

17. Psychology, Thomian Topologies, Deviant Logics, and Human Development

I. Overview

II. Sensory Thresholds and the Fold Curve

III. Mother-Infant Vocalization Interaction Modeled by Pairs of Fold Curves

IV. The Cusp Model of Moral Development

V. The Cusp Model of the Threshold

VI. The Butterfly Cuspoid as a Model for Some Psychological Phenomena

VII. Deviant Algebraic Logic and Its Import for Developmental Theory

VIII. Development as a Sequence of Topological Surfaces

References

18. Early Experience as the Basis for Unity and Cooperation of "Differences"

I. The Preamble Ramble

II. Introduction

III. Pepper's Schema

IV. Criticism of Pepper's Schema

V. The Relation of World Hypotheses to Ontogenetic Development

VI. The Relationship of Developmental Psychology to the Proposed Scheme

VII. Conclusions

References

Subject Index