Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada

Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems

5th Edition - April 20, 2022
Authors: Jane Tyerman, Shelley Cobbett, Mariann M. Harding, Jeffrey Kwong, Dottie Roberts, Debra Hagler, Courtney Reinisch
Language: English
Other ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 8 1 9 5 - 1
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 1 5 6 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 9 1 5 7 - 1

Master the role and skills of the medical-surgical nurse in Canada with the book that has it all! Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada: Assessment and Management of Clini… Read more

Purchase options

LIMITED OFFER

Save 50% on book bundles

Immediately download your ebook while waiting for your print delivery. No promo code is needed.

Institutional subscription on ScienceDirect

Request a sales quote

Master the role and skills of the medical-surgical nurse in Canada with the book that has it all! Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems, 5th Edition reflects the expertise of nurses from across Canada with evidence-informed guidelines, a focus on clinical trends, and a review of pathophysiology. Clear examples make it easy to understand every concept in nursing care — from health promotion to acute intervention to ambulatory care. An Evolve website includes new case studies to enhance your skills in clinical judgement and prepare you for the Next Generation NCLEX®, CPNRE®, and REx-PN™. From Canadian educators Jane Tyerman and Shelley L. Cobbett, this comprehensive guide provides a solid foundation in perioperative care as well as nursing care of disorders by body system.

Cover image
Title page
Disclaimer
Table of Contents
Copyright
About the Authors
Contributors
Reviewers
Dedication
Preface
Section 1. Concepts in Nursing Practice
Section 1. Concepts in Nursing Practice
Chapter 1. Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice in Canada
The Canadian Health Care Context
The Nursing Process
Nursing Care Plans
Documentation
Future Challenges of Nursing
Chapter 2. Cultural Competence and Health Equity in Nursing Care
Cultural Landscape of Canada
Exploring The Concepts: Definitions And Meanings
The Nurse’s Self-Assessment
Culturally Competent Patient Assessment
Bridging Cultural Distances
Working In Diverse Teams
Conclusion
Chapter 3. Health History and Physical Examination
Data Collection
Nursing History: Subjective Data
Physical Examination: Objective Data
Types of Assessment
Problem Identification And Nursing Diagnoses
Chapter 4. Patient and Caregiver Teaching
Role of Patient And Caregiver Teaching
Teaching–Learning Process
Process of Patient Teaching
Chapter 5. Chronic Illness
The Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases
Health: Acute Illness, Chronic Illness, and the Health–Illness Continuum
Factors Contributing to Chronic Illness
Prevention of Chronic Illness
Disability in Chronic Illness
Psychosocial Dimensions of Chronic Illness
Living With Chronic Illness
Chronic Illness and Caregiving
Conceptual Models of Chronic Illness
Self-Management
The Emerging Paradigm of Chronic Care
Chapter 6. Community-Based Nursing and Home Care
Community Health and the Patient’s Health Care Journey
Community Health Settings
Home Care
Home Health Nursing Practice
Summary
Chapter 7. Older Persons
Demographics of Aging
Attitudes Toward Aging
Biological Theories of Aging
Social Theories of Aging
Universal Health Care
Age-Related Physiological Changes
Older Populations at Risk
Covid-19 and the Impact on Older Persons
Social Support and the Older Person
Care Alternatives for Older Persons
Legal and Ethical Issues
Nursing Management
Chapter 8. Stress and Stress Management
Definition of Stress
Physiological Influence
Socioenvironmental Influence
Individual Influence
Effects of Stress on Health
Stress Management
Nursing ManagementStress
Chapter 9. Sleep and Sleep Disorders
Sleep
Inefficient Sleep And Sleep Disturbances
Sleep Disorders
Nursing Management Insomnia
Nursing And Interprofessional ManagementSleep Apnea
Age-Related Considerations
Special Sleep Needs of Nurses
Chapter 10. Pain
Pain
Magnitude of The Pain Problem
Definitions of Pain
Dimensions of Pain And The Pain Process
Causes And Types of Pain
Pain Assessment
Pain Treatment
Traditional Medicinal Therapies of Indigenous Populations In Canada
Nursing And Interprofessional ManagementPain
Institutionalizing Pain Education And Management
Ethical Issues In Pain Management
Age-Related Considerations
Special Populations
Patients With Substance Use Problems
Chapter 11. Substance Use
Substance Use In Canada
Factors That Influence Substance Use
Key Concepts And Approaches
The Harm Reduction Perspective
Nursing ManagementSubstance Use
Health Promotion
Common Substances, Treatment, And Nursing Interventions
Alcohol
Cannabis
Opioids
Stimulants
Sedative–Hypnotics
Other Substances
Hallucinogens
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate (Ghb)
Special Considerations
Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 12. Complementary and Alternative Therapies
Natural Products
Mind–Body Practices
Other Complementary And Alternative Practices
Energy-Based Therapies
Age-Related Considerations
Nursing ManagementComplementary And Alternative Therapies
Chapter 13. Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Hospice Palliative Care
Physical Manifestations of The End of Life
Death
Psychosocial Manifestations of The End of Life
Grief And Bereavement
Spiritual Needs
Culturally Competent Care
Legal And Ethical Issues Affecting End-of-Life Care
Nursing Management End of Life
Special Needs of Caregivers In End-of-Life Care
Section 2. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Disease
Section 2. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Disease
Chapter 14. Inflammation and Wound Healing
Cell Injury
Defence Against Injury
Nursing Management Inflammation And Healing
Pressure Injuries
Nursing And Interprofessional Management Pressure Injuries
Chapter 15. Genetics
Basic Principles of Genetics: Genes, Chromosomes, And DNA
Human Genome Project
Inheritance Patterns
Genetics In Clinical Practice
Nursing Management
Chapter 16. Altered Immune Response and Transplantation
Normal Immune Response
Age-Related Considerations
Altered Immune Response
Allergic Disorders
Nursing Management
Nursing And Interprofessional Management: Latex Allergies
Autoimmunity
Immunodeficiency Disorders
Organ Transplantation
Immunosuppressive Therapy
Alternative Strategies
New Technologies In Immunology
Chapter 17. Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Infections
Age-Related Considerations
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Nursing Management Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Chapter 18. Cancer
Definition and Incidence
Biological Processes of Cancer
Classification of Cancer
Prevention and Detection of Cancer
Diagnosis of Cancer
Interprofessional Care
Surgical Therapy
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
Nursing Management
Late Effects of Radiation Treatment and Chemotherapy
Biological and Targeted Therapy
Nursing Management
Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation
Gene Therapy
Complications Resulting from Cancer
Management of Cancer Pain
Psychosocial Care
Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 19. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Imbalances
Homeostasis
Water Content of the Body
Electrolytes
Mechanisms Controlling Fluid and Electrolyte Movement
Fluid Movement In Capillaries
Fluid Movement Between Extracellular Fluid and Intracellular Fluid
Fluid Spacing
Regulation of Water Balance
Age-Related Considerations
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
Nursing Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Assessment of Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Imbalances
Oral Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement
Intravenous Fluid and Electrolyte Replacement
Central Venous Access Devices
Nursing Management
Section 3. Perioperative Care
Section 3. Perioperative Care
Chapter 20. Nursing Management: Preoperative Care
Surgical Settings
Surgical Wait Times
Preoperative Admission Assessment
Day-of-Surgery Assessment
Nursing assessment
Nursing management
Day-Of-Surgery Preparation
Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 21. Nursing Management: Intraoperative Care
Physical Environment
Surgical Team
Nursing Management
Nursing Management
Classification of Anaesthesia
Age-Related Considerations
Exceptional Clinical Events In The Operating Room
Chapter 22. Nursing Management: Postoperative Care
Postoperative Care in the Postanaesthesia Care Unit
Potential Alterations in Respiratory Function
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in Cardiovascular Function
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in Neurological Function
Nursing Management
Pain And Discomfort
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in Temperature
Nursing Management
Potential Gastrointestinal Conditions
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in Urinary Function
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in the Integument
Nursing Management
Potential Alterations in Psychological Function
Nursing Management
Discharge From The Postanaesthesia Care Unit
Care of The Postoperative Patient On The Clinical Unit
Planning for Discharge and Follow-Up Care
Age-Related Considerations
Section 4. Conditions Related to Altered Sensory Input
Section 4. Conditions Related to Altered Sensory Input
Chapter 23. Nursing Assessment: Visual and Auditory Systems
The Visual System
The Auditory System
Chapter 24. Nursing Management: Visual and Auditory Conditions
Visual Conditions
Auditory Conditions
Chapter 25. Nursing Assessment: Integumentary System
Structures and Functions of The Skin and Appendages
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of The Integumentary System
Diagnostic Studies of The Integumentary System
Chapter 26. Nursing Management: Integumentary Conditions
Health Promotion
Malignant Skin Neoplasms
Risk Factors
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers
Melanoma
Skin Infections and Infestations
Allergic Dermatological Conditions
Cutaneous Medication Reactions
Benign Dermatological Conditions
Interprofessional Care: Dermatological Conditions
Nursing Management
Cosmetic Procedures
Nursing Management
Skin Grafts
Chapter 27. Nursing Management: Burns
Types of Burn Injury
Classification of Burn Injury
Phases of Burn Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Acute Phase
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Rehabilitation Phase
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Age-Related Considerations
Emotional Needs of the Patient and Caregivers
Special Needs of the Nursing Staff
Section 5. Conditions of Oxygenation: Ventilation
Section 5. Conditions of Oxygenation: Ventilation
Chapter 28. Nursing Assessment: Respiratory System
Structures And Functions Of The Respiratory System
Age-related considerations
Assessment of The Respiratory System
Diagnostic Studies of The Respiratory System
Chapter 29. Nursing Management: Upper Respiratory Conditions
Structural And Traumatic Disorders of the Nose
Inflammation and Infection of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
Obstruction of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
Conditions Related to the Pharynx
Conditions Related to the Trachea and Larynx
Chapter 30. Nursing Management: Lower Respiratory Conditions
Acute Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Nursing Management
Tuberculosis
Nursing Management
Atypical Mycobacteria
Pulmonary Fungal Infections
Bronchiectasis
Nursing Management
Lung Abscess
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Environmental Lung Diseases
Lung Cancer
Nursing Management
Other Types of Lung Tumours
Chest Trauma And Thoracic Injuries
Restrictive Respiratory Disorders
Interstitial Lung Disease
Vascular Lung Disorders
Pulmonary Hypertension
Lung Transplantation
Chapter 31. Nursing Management: Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Asthma
Nursing Management
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Age-Related Considerations
Nursing Management
Cystic Fibrosis
Nursing Management
Section 6. Conditions of Oxygenation: Transport
Section 6. Conditions of Oxygenation: Transport
Chapter 32. Nursing Assessment: Hematological System
Structures and Functions of the Hematological System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Hematological System
Diagnostic Studies of The Hematological System
Chapter 33. Nursing Management: Hematological Conditions
Anemia
Anemia Caused By Decreased Erythrocyte Production
Anemia Caused By Blood Loss
Anemia Caused By Increased Erythrocyte Destruction
Conditions of Hemostasis
Section 7. Conditions of Oxygenation: Perfusion
Section 7. Conditions of Oxygenation: Perfusion
Chapter 34. Nursing Assessment: Cardiovascular System
Structures And Functions of The Cardiovascular System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of The Cardiovascular System
Diagnostic Studies of The Cardiovascular System
Chapter 35. Nursing Management: Hypertension
Normal Regulation of Blood Pressure
Hypertension
Nursing Management
Age-Related Considerations
Hypertensive Crisis
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Chapter 36. Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome
Coronary Artery Disease
Chronic Stable Angina
Acute Coronary Syndrome
Chapter 37. Nursing Management: Heart Failure
Heart Failure
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Interprofessional Care: Chronic Heart Failure
Medication Therapy: Chronic Heart Failure
Nutritional Therapy: Heart Failure
Nursing Management
Cardiac Transplantation
Chapter 38. Nursing Management: Dysrhythmias
Rhythm Identification and Treatment
Electrocardiographic Changes Associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Syncope
Chapter 39. Nursing Management: Inflammatory and Structural Heart Disorders
Inflammatory Disorders of the Heart
Valvular Heart Disease
Cardiomyopathy
Chapter 40. Nursing Management: Vascular Disorders
Peripheral Artery Disease
Other Vascular Disorders
Venous Disorders
Section 8. Conditions of Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, and Elimination
Section 8. Conditions of Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, and Elimination
Chapter 41. Nursing Assessment: Gastrointestinal System
Structures and Functions of the Gastrointestinal System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System
Diagnostic Studies of the Gastrointestinal System
Chapter 42. Nursing Management: Nutritional Conditions
Nutritional Conditions
Healthy Nutrition
Culturally Competent Care
Chapter 43. Nursing Management: Obesity
Obesity
Metabolic Syndrome
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Nursing and Conservative Interprofessional Management
Medication Therapy
Bariatric Surgical Therapy
Nursing Management
Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 44. Nursing Management: Upper Gastrointestinal Conditions
Nausea and Vomiting
Nursing Management
Age-Related Considerations
Foodborne Illness
Oral Inflammations and Infections
Oral Cancer
Nursing Management
Esophageal Disorders
Disorders of the Stomach and Upper Small Intestine
Chapter 45. Nursing Management: Lower Gastrointestinal Conditions
Diarrhea
Nursing Management
Constipation
Nursing Management
Fecal Incontinence
Nursing Management
Acute Abdominal Pain
Nursing Management
Abdominal Trauma
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Chronic Abdominal Pain
Inflammatory Disorders
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Malabsorption Syndrome
Anorectal Conditions
Chapter 46. Nursing Management: Liver, Pancreas, and Biliary Tract Conditions
Disorders of the Liver
Disorders of the Pancreas
Disorders of the Biliary Tract
Section 9. Conditions of Urinary Function
Section 9. Conditions of Urinary Function
Chapter 47. Nursing Assessment: Urinary System
Structures and Functions of the Urinary System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Urinary System
Diagnostic Studies
Chapter 48. Nursing Management: Renal and Urological Conditions
Infectious and Inflammatory Disorders of the Urinary System
Immunological Disorders of the Kidney
Obstructive Uropathies
Renal Trauma
Renal Vascular Conditions
Hereditary Renal Diseases
Renal Involvement in Metabolic and Connective Tissue Diseases
Urinary Tract Tumours
Urinary Incontinence and Retention
Instrumentation
Surgery of the Urinary Tract
Chapter 49. Nursing Management: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease
Acute Kidney Injury
Nursing Management
Age-Related Considerations
Chronic Kidney Disease
Nursing Management
Dialysis
Section 10. Conditions Related to Regulatory and Reproductive Mechanisms
Section 10. Conditions Related to Regulatory and Reproductive Mechanisms
Chapter 50. Nursing Assessment: Endocrine System
Structures and Functions of the Endocrine System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Endocrine System
Diagnostic Studies of the Endocrine System
Chapter 51. Nursing Management: Endocrine Conditions
Disorders of the Anterior Pituitary Gland
Disorders of the Posterior Pituitary Gland
Disorders of the Thyroid Gland
Disorders of the Parathyroid Glands
Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex
Disorders of the Adrenal Medulla
Chapter 52. Nursing Management: Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus
Acute Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus
Chapter 53. Nursing Assessment: Reproductive System
Structures and Functions of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Diagnostic Studies of Reproductive Systems
Chapter 54. Nursing Management: Breast Disorders
Assessment of Breast Disorders
Diagnostic Studies
Benign Breast Disorders
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Age-Related Considerations
Breast Cancer
Nursing Management
Mammoplasty
Nursing Management
Chapter 55. Nursing Management: Sexually Transmitted Infections
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Bacterial Infections
Viral Infections
Chapter 56. Nursing Management: Female Reproductive Conditions
Infertility
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Abortion
Conditions Related To Menstruation
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Benign Tumours of The Female Reproductive System
Cancer of The Female Reproductive System
Conditions With Pelvic Support
Chapter 57. Nursing Management: Male Reproductive Conditions
Conditions of The Prostate Gland
Conditions of The Penis
Conditions of The Scrotum And Testes
Sexual Functioning
Section 11. Conditions Related to Movement and Coordination
Section 11. Conditions Related to Movement and Coordination
Chapter 58. Nursing Assessment: Nervous System
Structures And Functions of The Nervous System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of The Nervous System
Chapter 59. Nursing Management: Acute Intracranial Conditions
Intracranial Pressure
Increased Intracranial Pressure
Nursing Management
Head Injury
Nursing Management
Brain Tumours
Nursing Management
Cranial Surgery
Nursing Management
Inflammatory Conditions of The Brain
Bacterial Meningitis
Nursing Management
Viral Meningitis
Encephalitis
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Brain Abscess
Chapter 60. Nursing Management: Stroke
Pathophysiology of a Stroke
Risk Factors for Stroke
Types of Stroke
Nursing Management
Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 61. Nursing Management: Chronic Neurological Conditions
Headache
Chronic Neurological Disorders
Chapter 62. Nursing Management: Delirium, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Other Dementias
Delirium
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Dementia
Nursing Management
Chapter 63. Nursing Management: Peripheral Nerve and Spinal Cord Conditions
Cranial Nerve Disorders
Polyneuropathies
Spinal Cord Conditions
Chapter 64. Nursing Assessment: Musculoskeletal System
Structures and Functions of the Musculoskeletal System
Age-Related Considerations
Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System
Diagnostic Studies of the Musculoskeletal System
Chapter 65. Nursing Management: Musculoskeletal Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery
Soft Tissue Injuries
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Dislocation and Subluxation
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Repetitive Strain Injury
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Rotator Cuff Injury
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Meniscus Injury
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Bursitis
Fractures
Nursing Management
Complications of Fractures
Types of Fractures
Common Joint Surgical Procedures
Chapter 66. Nursing Management: Musculoskeletal Conditions
Osteomyelitis
Nursing Management
Metabolic Bone Diseases
Low Back Pain
Bone Tumours
Chapter 67. Nursing Management: Arthritis and Connective Tissue Diseases
Arthritis
Spondyloarthropathies
Other Connective Tissue Disorders
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Soft Tissue Rheumatic Syndromes
Section 12. Nursing Care in Specialized Settings
Section 12. Nursing Care in Specialized Settings
Chapter 68. Nursing Management: Critical Care Environment
Critical Care Nursing
Hemodynamic Monitoring
Nursing Management
Artificial Airways
Nursing Management
Mechanical Ventilation
Nursing Management
Patient- and Family-Centred Care in Critical Care
Other Critical Care Content
Chapter 69. Nursing Management: Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Shock
Nursing Management
Sepsis, Septic Shock, and Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Nursing and Interprofessional Management
Chapter 70. Nursing Management: Respiratory Failure and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute Respiratory Failure
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Age-Related Considerations
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Nursing And Interprofessional Management
Respiratory Therapy
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Chapter 71. Nursing Management: Emergency Care Situations
Care of the Emergency Patient
Environmental Emergencies
Chapter 72. Emergency Management and Disaster Planning
Emergency Management and Disaster Planning
Emergency/Disaster Management
The Role of Nursing Leadership in Disaster Preparedness and Response
Disasters
Appendix. Laboratory Values
Index
Special Features
IBC

Jane Tyerman

Dr. Jane Tyerman is an Assistant Professor at the University of Ottawa’s School of Nursing in Ottawa, Ontario. She holds a diploma in nursing from St. Lawrence College in Ottawa, Ontario; a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Ottawa; a Bachelor of Science in nursing from Athabasca University in Alberta; and a Master of Science in nursing and a PhD in nursing from Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. She has over 25 years of experience in acute care clinical practice and more than 15 years of academic teaching experience at the graduate and undergraduate levels. She is an Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) instructor with the Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation. Dr. Tyerman has contributed to multiple NCLEX textbooks published by Elsevier and has been a HESI Live Review faculty member, delivering in-person and online workshops to graduating students across Canada. She is also co-editor for Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing in Canada. She has made significant contributions to nursing education by advancing the pedagogy that underpins the effective use of clinical simulation and through her innovative use of technology to expand equity and access to high-quality teaching and learning resources. She is dedicated to developing and researching bilingual virtual simulation games through her role as Co-President of the Canadian Alliance of Nurse Educators Using Simulation (CAN-Sim). Collaborating with nurse educators across Canada and internationally, she has authored multiple publications related to simulation and virtual simulation games. .

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON.

Shelley Cobbett

Shelley Cobbett, RN, BN, GnT, MN, EdD

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor; Nursing and BScN Site Administrator, School of Nursing – Yarmouth Campus, Dalhousie University, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia

Mariann M. Harding

Affiliations and expertise

Professor of Nursing Technology, Kent State University Tuscarawas, New Philadelphia, Ohio

Jeffrey Kwong

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Division of Advanced Nursing Practice, School of Nursing, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey

Dottie Roberts

Affiliations and expertise

Instructor, University of South Carolina College of Nursing, Columbia, South Carolina

Debra Hagler

Affiliations and expertise

Clinical Professor,Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation,Arizona State University,Phoenix, Arizona

Courtney Reinisch

Affiliations and expertise

Director of Undergraduate Nursing, School of Nursing, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey