Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians

7th Edition - December 13, 2018
Author: Margi Sirois
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 5 9 5 3 8 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 5 9 5 0 3 - 2

Ensure you’re at your clinical best! Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, 7th Edition covers the broad spectrum of laboratory procedures that veterinary technicia… Read more

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Ensure you’re at your clinical best! Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians, 7th Edition covers the broad spectrum of laboratory procedures that veterinary technicians need to perform effectively in the practice setting. Comprehensive content presents the fundamentals of microbiology, hematology, urinalysis, immunology, and cytology, along with the laboratory procedures used to perform the most widely used tests such as complete blood count, urinalysis, and immunologic assays. This thoroughly updated edition includes an expanded Quality Control and Record Keeping chapter along with the latest advances in veterinary clinical procedures to prepare you for real-life laboratory work.

Cover image
Title Page
Table of Contents
IFC
Procedures
Copyright Page
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Unit 1 The Veterinary Practice Laboratory
Introduction
1 Safety Concerns and OSHA Standards
Hazard Control
OSHA Standards
Laboratory Design
Review Questions
Key Points
2 General Laboratory Equipment
Test Tubes
Centrifuge
Refractometer
Pipettes
Temperature-Controlling Equipment
Automated Analyzers
Miscellaneous Equipment and Supplies
Review Questions
Key Points
3 The Microscope
Care and Maintenance
Calibration of the Microscope
Digital Microscopy
Review Questions
Key Points
4 The Metric System and Lab Calculations
Numbering Systems
Review Questions
Key Points
5 Quality Control and Record Keeping
Accuracy, Precision, and Reliability
Analysis of Control Materials
Errors
Applied Quality Control
Laboratory Records
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 2 Hematology
Introduction
6 Hematopoiesis
Hematopoiesis
Erythropoiesis
Thrombopoiesis
Granulopoiesis
Monopoiesis
Lymphopoiesis
Definitions
Review Questions
Key Points
7 Sample Collection and Handling
Collection and Handling of Blood Samples
Sample Volume
Collection Procedure
Review Questions
Key Points
8 Automated Analyzers
Cell Counts
Types of Hematology Instruments
Review Questions
Key Points
9 Hemoglobin, PCV, and Erythrocyte Indices
Packed Cell Volume
Hemoglobin Testing
Erythrocyte Indices
Review Questions
Key Points
10 Evaluating the Blood Smear
Preparation of Blood Smears
Review Questions
Key Points
11 Morphologic Abnormalities of Blood Cells
Quantifying Morphologic Changes
Morphologic Abnormalities Seen in White Blood Cells
Morphologic Abnormalities Seen in Red Blood Cells
Review Questions
Key Points
12 Additional Hematologic Tests
Reticulocyte Count
Bone Marrow Evaluation
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Review Questions
Key Points
13 Hematopoietic Disorders and Classification of Anemia
Disorders of the Bone Marrow
Classification of Anemia
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 3 Hemostasis
Introduction
14 Principles of Blood Coagulation
Overview of Blood Coagulation
Coagulation Testing
Review Questions
Key Points
15 Sample Collection and Handling
Sample Collection and Handling
Coagulation Instrumentation
Review Questions
Key Points
16 Platelet Evaluation
Platelet Count
Review Questions
Key Points
17 Coagulation Testing
Buccal Mucosa Bleeding Time
Activated Clotting Time
Whole Blood Clotting Time
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
Prothrombin Time Test
Clot Retraction Test
Fibrinogen Determination
PIVKA
D-Dimer and Fibrin Degradation Products
Von Willebrand Factor
Coagulation Factor Assays
Review Questions
Key Points
18 Disorders of Hemostasis
Hemostatic Defects
Hereditary Coagulation Disorders
Acquired Coagulation Disorders
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 4 Immunology
Introduction
19 Basic Principles of Immunity
Innate Immune System
Adaptive Immune System
Passive Immunity
Immunization
Review Questions
Key Points
20 Common Immunologic Laboratory Tests
Sample Collection and Handling
Handling Serologic Samples
Tests of Humoral Immunity
Immunology Analyzers
Review Questions
Key Points
21 Blood Groups and Immunity
Blood Types
Blood Typing
Crossmatching
Review Questions
Key Points
22 Intradermal Testing
Tests of Cell-Mediated Immunity
Review Questions
Key Points
23 Reference Laboratory Immunoassays
Coombs Testing
Immunodiffusion
Radioimmunoassay
Fluorescent Antibody Testing
Antibody Titers
Molecular Diagnostics
Review Questions
Key Points
24 Disorders of the Immune System
Hypersensitivity
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 5 Urinalysis
Introduction
25 Anatomy and Physiology of the Urinary System
Formation of Urine
Urine Volume Regulation
Review Questions
Key Points
26 Sample Collection and Handling
Voided or Free-Catch Samples
Bladder Expression
Catheterization
Cystocentesis
Specimen Storage and Handling
Review Questions
Key Points
27 Physical Examination of Urine
Urine Volume
Color
Clarity/Transparency
Odor
Specific Gravity
Review Questions
Key Points
28 Chemical Evaluation
pH
Protein
Glucose
Ketones
Bile Pigments
Blood (Hemoprotein)
Leukocytes
Urinalysis Analyzers
Review Questions
Key Points
29 Urine Sediment Analysis
Dry-Mount Urine Cytology
Constituents of Urine Sediment
Microorganisms
Miscellaneous Components of Urine
Urolithiasis
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 6 Clinical Chemistry
Introduction
30 Sample Collection and Handling
Plasma
Serum
Factors That Influence Results
Reference Ranges
Review Questions
Key Points
31 Automated Analyzers
Photometry
End Point Versus Kinetic Assays
Units of Measurement
Ion-Selective Electrode and Electrochemical Methods
Features and Benefits of Common Chemistry Analyzer Types
Instrument Care and Maintenance
Review Questions
Key Points
32 Protein Assays and Hepatobiliary Function Tests
Protein Assays
Hepatobiliary Assays
Review Questions
Key Points
33 Kidney Function Tests
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Serum Creatinine
Blood Urea Nitrogen/Creatinine Ratio
Urine Protein/Creatinine Ratio
Uric Acid
Tests of Glomerular Function
Review Questions
Key Points
34 Pancreatic Function Tests
Exocrine Pancreas Tests
Endocrine Pancreas Tests
Review Questions
Key Points
35 Electrolytes and Acid–Base Status
Acid–Base Balance
Acidosis and Alkalosis
Electrolyte Assays
Review Questions
Key Points
36 Miscellaneous Tests
Creatine Kinase
Troponin and Brain Natriuretic Peptide
Lactate
Endocrine System Assays
Chemical Tests of Gastrointestinal Function
Toxicology
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 7 Microbiology
Introduction
37 Introduction to Microbiology
Bacterial Cell Morphology
Bacterial Growth
Virology
Review Questions
Key Points
38 Equipment and Supplies
The In-House Microbiology Laboratory
Laboratory Safety
Equipment and Supplies Needed for the Microbiology Laboratory
Culture Media
Review Questions
Key Points
39 Sample Collection and Handling
General Guidelines
Collection of Viral Specimens
Review Questions
Key Points
40 Staining Specimens
Gram Stain
Potassium Hydroxide Test
Ziehl-Neelsen Stain
Giemsa Stain
Specialized Stains
Quality Control
Review Questions
Key Points
41 Culture Techniques
Inoculation of Culture Media
Incubation of Cultures
Colony Characteristics
Culture of Anaerobes
Review Questions
Key Points
42 Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing
Antibiotic Resistance
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing
Agar Diffusion Method
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Colony Count
Review Questions
Key Points
43 Additional Testing
Motility
Indole Test
Catalase Test
Coagulase Test
Oxidase Activity
Acid Production From Glucose
California Mastitis Test
Immunologic Examination
Review Questions
Key Points
44 Mycology
Dermatophyte Testing
Fungal Cultures
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 8 Parasitology
Introduction
45 Nematodes
Phylum Nematoda
Review Questions
Key Points
46 Cestodes, Trematodes, and Acanthocephalans
Eucestodes
Pseudotapeworms
Trematodes
Acanthocephalans (Thorny-Head Worms)
Review Questions
Key Points
47 Protozoa and Rickettsia
Phylum Sarcomastigophora
Phylum Apicomplexa
Phylum Ciliophora
Rickettsial Parasites
Review Questions
Key Points
48 Arthropods
Order: Siphonaptera (Fleas)
Orders: Mallophaga and Anoplura (Lice)
Order: Diptera (Flies)
Class: Acarina (Mites and Ticks)
Pentastomids (Tongue Worms)
Phylum: Annelida (Segmented Worms)
Review Questions
Key Points
49 Sample Collection and Handling
Collection of Fecal Samples
Skin Scraping
Cellophane Tape Preparation
Vacuum Collection
Sample Collection at Necropsy
Collection of Blood Samples
Review Questions
Key Points
50 Diagnostic Techniques
Evaluation of Fecal Specimens
Cellophane Tape Preparation
Baermann Technique
Miscellaneous Fecal Examinations
Staining Procedures
Evaluation of Blood Samples
Immunologic and Molecular Diagnostic Tests
Miscellaneous Parasitologic Evaluations
Review Questions
Key Points
Unit 9 Cytology
Introduction
51 Sample Collection and Handling
Swabs
Scrapings
Imprints
Fine-Needle Biopsy
Tissue Biopsy
Centesis
Transtracheal/Bronchial Wash
Concentration Techniques
Review Questions
Key Points
52 Preparation of Cytology Smears
Smear Preparation
Fixing and Staining the Cytology Sample
Submission of Cytologic Preparations and Samples for Interpretation
Review Questions
Key Points
53 Microscopic Evaluation
Inflammation
Neoplasia
Review Questions
Key Points
54 Cytology of Specific Sites
Peritoneal and Pleural Fluid
Lymph Nodes
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Aqueous and Vitreous Humor
Synovial Fluid Analysis
Tracheal Wash
Nasal Flush
Ear Swabs
Vaginal Cytology
Fecal Cytology
Semen Evaluation
Evaluation of Prostatic Secretions
Examination of Milk
Review Questions
Key Points
Appendix A Review Questions
Appendix B Reference Ranges
Appendix C Bacterial Pathogens of Veterinary Importance
Appendix D Professional Associations Related to Veterinary Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics
Appendix E Common Parasites of Some Exotic Animal Species
Parasites of Birds
Parasites of Rabbits
Parasites of Guinea Pigs
Parasites of Rats
Parasites of Mice
Parasites of Hamsters
Parasites of Gerbils
Parasites of Fish
Parasites of Reptiles
Appendix F Example of a Standard Protocol for Reporting Results of a Urinalysis Laboratory Report
Appendix G Taxonomic Classification of Parasites
Kingdom: Animalia (Animals)
Appendix H Zoonotic Internal Parasites
Glossary
Resources
Index

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Margi Sirois