Intercalation Chemistry

1st Edition - January 28, 1982
Author: Stanley M Whittingha
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 0 4 0 - 9

Intercalation Chemistry introduces the specialist reader to the breadth of intercalation chemistry and the newcomer to the diverse research opportunities and challenges available… Read more

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Intercalation Chemistry introduces the specialist reader to the breadth of intercalation chemistry and the newcomer to the diverse research opportunities and challenges available in synthetic and reaction chemistry and also in the controlled modification of physical properties. Topics covered range from graphite chemistry to sheet silicate intercalates, diffusion and shape-selective catalysis in zeolites, organic and organometallic intercalation compounds of the transition metal dichalcogenides, and solvated intercalation compounds of layered chalcogenide and oxide bronzes. This book is comprised of 18 chapters and begins with an introduction to intercalation chemistry. The discussions that follow focus on the intercalation chemistry of graphite and of complex oxides with both two (clays and acid phosphates)- and three (zeolites)-dimensional structures, along with organic conversions that have been discovered using essentially smectite (i.e., montmorillonite- and hectorite-based) intercalates. The next chapters focus on β-aluminas, acid salts of tetravalent metals with layered structure, and layered chalcogenides and halides with simple and hydrated cations as well as organic and organometallic ions. The book also considers the chemistry, thermodynamics, and applications of intermetallic compounds that incorporate hydrogen, intercalation in the context of biological systems, crystallographic shear structures, and intercalation reactions of oxides and chalcogenides of vanadium, molybdenum, and tungsten. The final chapter touches on the physical properties of some intercalation compounds of the dichalcogenides. This book is intended for researchers in the various materials science disciplines.

List of Contributors Preface 1 Intercalation Chemistry: An Introduction I. Introduction II. Transition Metal Dichalcogenides III. Graphite IV. Transition Metal Oxides V. Aluminum Oxide Hosts VI. Energy of Intercalation VII. Summary References 2 Graphite Chemistry I. Introduction II. Graphite III. Some General Aspects of Graphite Intercalation Compounds IV. Intercalation with Graphite Reduction V. Intercalation with Graphite Oxidation VI. Intercalation without Apparent Oxidation or Reduction of the Graphite References 3 Sheet Silicate Intercalates: New Agents for Unusual Chemical Conversions I. Introduction II. Structural Features III. Techniques for Elucidating the Nature of Intercalated Clays IV. Unusual Chemical Conversions of Organic Molecules Using Silicate Intercalates V. Future Possibilities References 4 Diffusion and Shape-Selective Catalysis in Zeolites I. Introduction II. Structural Aspects of Zeolites III. Intracrystalline Diffusion in Zeolites IV. Shape-Selective Catalysis in Zeolites V. Conclusions References 5 Intercalation Chemistry of Acid Salts of Tetravalent Metals with Layered Structure and Related Materials I. Introduction II. Acid Salts with Layered Structure of the α Type III. Intercalation Chemistry of α-Zirconium Phosphate IV. Intercalation Behavior of Other Layered Acid Salts of the α Type V. Acid Salts with Layered Structure of the γ Type VI. Organic Derivatives of α- and γ-Zirconium Phosphates and Their Intercalation Behavior VII. Conclusion References 6 The Intercalation Chemistry of β-Alumina I. Introduction II. Nonstoichiometric β-Aluminas III. Hydrogen-Containing β-Aluminas IV. Metastable β-Aluminas References 7 Organic and Organometallic Intercalation Compounds of the Transition Metal Dichalcogenides I. Introduction II. Structures of the Transition Metal Dichalcogenides III. Organic Intercalation Compounds of the Dichalcogenides IV. Organometallic Intercalation Compounds References 8 Intercalation Chemistry of Metal Phosphorus Trichalcogenides I. Metal Phosphorus Trichalcogenides II. Intercalation Chemistry of Metal Phosphorus Trichalcogenides References 9 Structural Aspects of Monovalent Cation Intercalates of Layered Dichalcogenides I. Introduction II. Structure and Bonding in the Host Materials III. The Intercalated Layered Dichalcogenides References 10 Solvated Intercalation Compounds of Layered Chalcogenide and Oxide Bronzes I. Introduction II. General Aspects of Solvation and Polyelectrolyte Properties III. Transition Metal Dichalcogenides IV. Related Layered Chalcogenides V. Layered Oxide Bronzes VI. Conclusions References 11 Intercalation of Halides I. Normal-Valent Halides II. Oxyhalides III. Reduced Halides with Metal-Metal Interactions IV. Hydrogen in Reduced Halides References12 Intercalation Chemistry of Metal Chalcogenohalides I. Introduction II. Structure, Synthesis, and Physical Properties of Layered Metal Oxyhalides III. Intercalation Compounds with Cationic Guests IV. Intercalation Compounds with "Neutral" Amine Guests V. Topochemical Substitution Reactions VI. Addendum References13 Hydrogen-Containing Materials I. Introduction II. Intermetallic Compounds III. Hydrogen Sorption in Intermetallic Compounds IV. Thermodynamic Considerations V. Technical Applications References 14 Intercalation in Biological Systems I. Early Investigations of the Interaction of Planar Aromatic Cations with DNA II. The Classical Intercalation Model III. Development of the Intercalation Model IV. Thermodynamics of Intercalation V. Nonclassical Intercalation VI. Applications of Intercalation References15 Reactions in Crystallographic Shear Structures I. Introduction II. Crystallographic Shear and the Structure of Crystallographic Shear Compounds III. Reactions in Crystallographic Shear Structures References16 Oxide Insertion Compounds I. Introduction II. Preparative Methods III. MoO3-Derived Insertion Compounds IV. V2O5-Derived Insertion Compounds V. WO3-Derived Insertion Compounds VI. Miscellaneous VII. Summary of Thermodynamic Data VIII. Conclusions References17 Lithium Intercalation Compounds of Vanadium Chalcogenides I. Introduction II. Oxides III. Sulfides and Selenides IV. Summary References18 Physical Properties of Intercalation Compounds of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides I. Introduction II. Metal Intercalates in Chalcogenide Hosts III. Organic Intercalates and Superconductivity ReferencesIndex