Human Ecology and Infectious Diseases
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Human Ecology and Infectious Diseases

1st Edition - January 28, 1983

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  • Editors: Neil A. Croll, John H Cross
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483267937

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Description

Human Ecology and Infectious Diseases investigates the interrelationships among human behavior, ecology, and infectious diseases, with emphasis on parasitic and zoonotic diseases. The cultural, behavioral, anthropological, and social factors in the transmission of infectious diseases are discussed, along with methods used to make human ecology a more quantitative predictive science in the global challenge of such diseases. Behavioral patterns that place humans at risk to infections and the nature of risk factors are also analyzed. Comprised of 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of some of the research into those aspects of human behavior that determine risk of helminth infection. The discussion then turns to studies on hookworm and includes an analysis of human behavior and religions that affect transmission of the parasitoses. Human behavior and transmission of zoonotic diseases in North America and Malaysia are documented as are the habits, customs, and superstitions associated with the epidemic of intestinal capillariasis that occurred in the Philippines. Filarial diseases in Southeast Asia are also reviewed, along with the changing patterns of parasitic infections and the cooperation of government and the private sector to lower infection rates in Japan. Cases from Nigeria and Brazil are considered as well. The volume concludes with an assessment of the importance of behavioral and socialcultural factors in determining regional and national patterns in disease incidence and transmission. This monograph should be valuable to students of tropical diseases and public health and to physicians, epidemiologists, anthropologists, veterinarians, and parasitologists.

Table of Contents


  • Contributors

    Preface

    1. Human Behavior, Parasites, and Infectious Diseases

    I. Introduction

    II. The Measurement of Individual Behavioral Actions as Risk Factors of Infection

    III. Overdispersion of Helminths as a Consequence of Exposure and Susceptibility

    IV. The Distribution of Helminths in Communities and its Association with Socioagricultural Practices

    V. Culture, Attitudes, and Human Behavior

    VI. Complexity, Diversity, and Sociocultural Integration

    References

    2. Human Behavior and Parasitic Zoonoses in North America

    I. Introduction

    II. Trichinosis

    III. Cystic Hydatid Disease (Echinococcosis)

    IV. Alveolar Hydatid Disease

    V. Toxocariasis

    References

    3. Human Behavior and Zoonotic Diseases in Malaysia

    I. Introduction

    II. Some Important Zoonotic Diseases

    III. Summary

    References

    4. Filariasis in Southeast Asia

    I. Introduction

    II. Historical Background

    III. Morphology

    IV. Vectors

    V. Important Mosquito Vectors and their Relationship to Human Ecology

    VI. Life Cycles

    VII. Periodicity

    VIII. Clinical Signs

    IX. Epidemiology

    X. Laboratory Diagnosis

    XI. Distribution in Southeast Asia

    XII. Conclusions

    References

    5. Intestinal Capillariasis in the Philippines and Thailand

    I. Introduction

    II. History

    III. Distribution and Prevalence

    IV. Climate

    V. Parasite

    VI. Experimental Life Cycle

    VII. Disease

    VIII. Pathology

    IX. Diagnosis

    X. Treatment

    XI. Transmission

    XII. Occupation and Habits

    XIII. Sanitation

    XIV. Comments

    References

    6. Changing Patterns of Parasitic Infections in Japan

    I. Introduction

    II. Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases: Ascaris lumbricoides, Hookworm, and Whipworm Infections

    III. Endemic Helminthic Infections

    IV. Parasitic Infections through Marine and Anadromous Fishes

    V. Other Helminthic Infections

    VI. Protozoan Diseases

    VII. Conclusion

    References

    7. Parasite Control Activities in Japan: Government-Expert-Private Sector Partnership

    I. Introduction

    II. Tokyo Parasite Control Association

    III. Government Attitude

    IV. Establishment of Japan Association of Parasite Control

    V. Government Policy and Programs

    VI. Factors Contributing to the Decrease in Parasitic Infections

    VII. Preventive Medicine

    VIII. International Cooperation in Parasitic Control

    IX. Conclusion

    References

    8. Human Ecology and the Distribution and Abundance of Hookworm Populations

    I. Introduction and General Ecological Background

    II. The Ecology of Interacting Human and Hookworm Populations in Rural West Bengal

    III. Implications for Control

    IV. Relevance for Socioeconomic Development

    References

    9. The Human Environment and Helminth Infections: A Biomedical Study of Four Nigerian Villages

    I. Introduction

    II. The Communities

    III. Description of Village Sanitation

    IV. Endemic Helminth Infections

    V. Socioeconomic and Behavioral Factors and Intensity of Infections

    VI. Strategies for Control of Helminthiases in Rural Nigeria

    VII. Conclusion

    References

    10. The Transmission of Trypanosoma Cruzi Infection to Man and its Control

    I. Introduction

    II. Transmission to Man without the Insect Vector

    III. Transmission to Man by the Insect Vector

    IV. Transmission Cycles Involving Bugs and Animals and their Relevance to Man

    V. Behavior of Domestic Bug Populations

    VI. Human Ecology and Trypanosoma Cruzi Transmission

    VII. Control of Domestic Transmission

    VIII. A Concluding Perspective

    References

    11. Paleoparasitology: On the Origins and Impact of Human-Helminth Relationships

    I. Introduction

    II. Sources and Limitations of Evidence

    III. General Consideration of the Evolution and Life Cycles of Hominoid Parasites

    IV. Heirlooms and Souvenirs: A Probable Helminthofaunal Succession in the Transition from Arboreal Monkeys and Apes to Terrestrial Hominids

    V. Human Inventions and Interventions in the Adaptive Evolution of Helminth Parasites

    References

    12. Brucellosis in Nigeria: Epidemiology and Practical Problems of Control

    I. Introduction

    II. Description of Nigeria and Information on Livestock Activities

    III. Epidemiology of Brucellosis in Nigeria

    IV. Prevention and Control of Brucellosis in Nigeria

    References

    13. Epidemiology Patterns in Directly Transmitted Human Infections

    I. Introduction

    II. Theoretical Background

    III. Childhood Viral and Bacterial Diseases

    IV. Implications for Control

    V. Discussion

    References

    Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 380
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Academic Press 1983
  • Published: January 28, 1983
  • Imprint: Academic Press
  • eBook ISBN: 9781483267937

About the Editors

Neil A. Croll

John H Cross

Affiliations and Expertise

Professor, Tropical Public Health

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