Human Biology

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsKey to Abbreviations and SymbolsPart 1: People and Biology 1 People and Other Living Things We are Organisms We are Animals We are Mammals We are Primates Test Questions 2 The First People The Fossil Record Ways in which People are Unique Test Questions 3 The Study of Life The Rise of Science The Work of Biologists Keeping a Record Test Questions 4 Anyone Else Like You? Differences between Races Differences between the Sexes Differences between Individuals Test Questions 5 Laws of Heredity Parents and their Offspring Hybridisation Heritable and Non-Heritable Variation Test Questions 6 The Continuity of Life Some Evidence of Evolution Selection Further Evidence of Evolution Constancy and Change Test Questions 7 Micro-Organisms The Use of Microscopes Microscopic Organisms Test Questions 8 What is Life? What Living Things are made of The Life of a Bacterial Cell The Life of Amoeba and Chlamydomonas What is Life? Test Questions 9 Multicellular Organisms The Parts of You Cell Structure and Function Technical Terms Test Questions 10 Cells and Tissues Cell Division Chromosome Structure and Duplication Control of Activity in the Cell Differentiation Test Questions 11 Energy from Sunlight How Scientists Work The Discovery of Photosynthesis Ecological Importance of Photosynthesis Day and Night The Seasons Test Questions 12 Saprobionts Yeast: A Unicellular Fungus A Bread Mould: Rhizopus The Role of Saprobionts in Decay Studying Micro-Organisms Micro-Organisms in Food Beneficial Micro-Organisms Test Questions 13 The Interdependence of all Organisms Ecological Succession and Soil Formation The Structure and Properties of Soils Effects of Cultivation on the Soil Food Chains and Food Webs The Interdependence of all Organisms Test QuestionsPart 2: Man and Woman 14 Feeding and Digestion Your Teeth Your Alimentary Canal and Digestion Digestion, Absorption and Assimilation Test Questions 15 Protection, Support and Movement Your Skin and its Functions Your Skeleton and Skeletal Muscles Movement and Posture Test Questions 16 Your Lungs Breathing Respiratory Surfaces Air Pollution and Health Smoking or Health Test Questions 17 The Use of Materials and Energy in Cells Respiration Metabolism Your Liver—its Structure and Functions Excretion Test Questions 18 Your Kidneys Structure and Functions of your Kidneys Test Questions 19 The Circulation of your Blood Your Blood Circulatory System Your Heart Blood, Tissue Fluid and Lymph Blood Groups and Blood Transfusion Test Questions 20 Your Senses Hearing, Balance and Posture Vision Test Questions 21 Coordination and Control Hormones Nerves and Nerve Impulses Differences between Hormonal and Neural Control Summary of the Tissues of the Body Test Questions 22 Constancy Based on Change: Homeostasis Control of Blood Sugar Level Control of Body Temperature Reactions to Danger Harmful Effects of Drugs Good Health Test Questions 23 Reproductive Systems Meiotic Cell Division Reproductive Systems of a Man and a Woman Development of the Breasts and Milk Secretion Test QuestionsPart 3: People 24 Children Sexual Behavior and Pregnancy Having a Baby Caring for the Mother and her Baby Every Baby Should be Wanted Unplanned Pregnancies Sexual Behavior and Disease Some Things Every Boy and Girl should Know Test Questions 25 Heredity in People Pedigree Analysis The Role of Chromosomes in Heredity Sex Determination and Sex Linkage More about Chromosomes Genetic Counselling The Choice of Organisms for Genetics Test Questions 26 Family Life Babyhood Infancy Childhood Puberty and Adolescence Maturity Old Age Test Questions 27 Your Guide to Good Feeding Body-Building Foods Energy-Giving Foods A Balanced Diet Harmful or Potentially Harmful Foods Test Questions 28 Parasites of People Flatworms that cause Diseases Roundworms that cause Diseases Protists that cause Diseases Bacteria that cause Diseases Viruses that cause Diseases Test Questions 29 Family Health Your Home Hygiene Test Questions 30 Community Health Town Planning Preventing the Spread of Pathogens Preventing Diseases by Immunization and Vaccination Health Education and Recreation Legislation and Community Health World Health Test Questions 31 People—People—People Food for People Always More People How People Affect their Environment Too Many People Test QuestionsAppendix 1. Visual AidsAppendix 2. Further ReadingAppendix 3. Examination TechniqueAppendix 4. Answers to Test QuestionsAppendix 5. GlossaryIndex