High Acid Crudes

High Acid Crudes quickly gets the refinery manager and all other relative personnel up to date on this particular type of feedstock by providing an overview and relevant details of the identification of high acid crudes and their influence on the refinery’s process units, especially regarding corrosion potential. Covering the types, effects on the various refining units, and proper acid stripping techniques, High Acid Crudes effectively trains refinery personnel with a quick reference guide for day-to-day use in today’s refineries.

Due to their discounted value but potential for higher production rates, refineries are accepting more of high acidic crude feedstocks, otherwise referred to as “opportunity” or “challenging” crude oils. Refining of these resources is still increasing due to high oil prices, with China dominating this market and doubling their production of high acid crudes by 2015. Processing these resources can significantly increase any refinery’s productivity, but knowledge and proper training for the refinery manager and crude supplier is key to reducing the risk that is commonly associated with high acid feedstocks, while still maintaining clean production standards.

• Provides an overview of the identification of high acid crudes and their influence on the refinery’s process units
• Covers the types of high acid crudes, effects on the various refining units, and proper acid stripping techniques
• Trains refinery personnel as a quick reference guide for day-to-day use for today’s refinery

Corrosion Engineers, Production Engineers, Refinery Managers, Pipeline Engineers, Pipeline Operators, Production Engineers, Crude Suppliers Chemical and Environmental Engineers

• Preface
• Chapter 1. Naphthenic Acids in Petroleum
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Origin and Occurrence
  • 1.3 Total Acid Number
  • 1.4 Properties
• Chapter 2. Mechanism of Acid Corrosion
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Types of Corrosion
  • 2.3 Corrosion by Acidic Species
  • 2.4 Sulfidic Corrosion
  • 2.5 Physical Effects
• Chapter 3. Corrosion by High Acid Crude Oil
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Process Effects
  • 3.3 Corrosion of Refinery Equipment
  • 3.4 Interaction of Acids with Refinery Equipment
• Chapter 4. Effects in Refining
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Process Effects
  • 4.3 Desalting
  • 4.4 Distillation
  • 4.5 Visbreaking
  • 4.6 Coking
  • 4.7 Catalytic Cracking
  • 4.8 Hydroprocesses
  • 4.9 Mitigation of NAC
• Chapter 5. Removing Acid Constituents from Crude Oil
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Physical Methods
  • 5.3 Chemical Methods
  • 5.4 Corrosion Monitoring and Prevention
  • 5.5 The Future
• Glossary
• eGlossary
• Bibliography
• eBibliography
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4
  • Chapter 5