Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined

Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined

Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicine

1st Edition - January 1, 1966

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  • Editor: Geoffrey Dutton
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323143981

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Description

Glucuronic Acid Free and Combined: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Medicine focuses on the study of glucuronic acid, particularly its physiological role in different fields. Divided into three parts with nine chapters, the book contains the literature of authors who have incessantly conducted research on this kind of acid. The book starts with the discussion on the chemistry of free glucuronic acid and its derivatives, and then discusses the nature, characteristics, and properties of glucuronides and other known conjugates. The next part presents the occurrence and chemistry of glucuronic acid incorporated in animal, plant, and bacterial polysaccharides. This presentation is followed by the discussions on the biosynthesis of glucuronic acid as UDPglucuronic acid and its relationship with simple glucuronides. A summary of information of the enzymic hydrolysis of conjugates is then presented. The succeeding chapters deal with the entry of glucuronic acid into general carbohydrate metabolism; the incorporation of glucuronic acid with the polysaccharides of living tissues; the pharmacological implications of glucuronic acid in drug detoxification; and the isolation and identification of steroid glucuronides. The book is a primary source of data for readers interested in studying the nature, composition, functions, and uses of glucuronic acid.

Table of Contents


  • List of Contributors

    Preface

    Introduction

    Part I: Chemistry

    Chapter 1 Chemistry of D-Glucuronic Acid and Its Glycosides

    I. Introduction

    II. Synthesis of D-Glucuronic Acid

    III. General Properties of Uronic Acids

    IV. Identification and Determination of D-Glucuronic Acid

    V. Separation of Uronic Acids

    VI. Other Reactions of D-Glucuronic Acid and Derivatives

    VII. Formation of the Glycuronosyl Bond

    VIII. Chemical Hydrolysis of the D-Glucuronosyl Bond

    IX. Condensation of D-Glucuronic Acid with Amines

    X. 1-Thio Derivatives of D-Glucuronic Acid

    XI. Preparation of Labeled D-Glucuronic Acid

    XII. Tables of D-Glucosiduronic Acids and Their General Properties

    Appendix: Compendium of Practical Methods for the Determination of D-Glucuronic Acid

    References

    Chapter 2 Chemistry of Polysaccharides Containing Glucuronic Acid

    I. Introduction

    II. Animal Polysaccharides

    III. Bacterial Polysaccharides

    IV. Plant Polysaccharides

    References

    Part II: Metabolism

    Chapter 3 The Biosynthesis of Glucuronides

    I. Historical Aspects of the Study of Glucuronide Biosynthesis

    II. Other Possible Mechanisms of Glucuronide Biosynthesis

    III. UDPGlucuronic Acid

    IV. General Properties of UDP-Glucuronyltransferase (UDPGlucuronic Acid Glucuronyl Transferase)

    V. Factors Affecting Glucuronide Biosynthesis and UDP-Glucuronyltransferase In Vivo

    Appendix I : Assay of Udpglucuronic Acid

    Appendix II Assay of Udp-Glucuronyltransferase

    Appendix III: Assay and Levels of Free and Conjugated Glucuronic Acid In Urine and Serum

    References

    Chapter 4 β-Glucuronidase and the Hydrolysis of Glucuronides

    I. Introduction

    II. Distribution

    III. Purification

    IV. Action

    V. Effect of pH

    VI. Interfering Substances

    VII. Specific Inhibitors

    VIII. Kinetics of Hydrolysis and Inhibition

    IX. Clinical Implications

    X. β-Glucuronidase Activity of Mammalian and Nonmammalian Tissues

    Appendix: Assay of β-Glucuronidase

    References

    Chapter 5 Metabolism of Glucuronic Acid and Its Lactone

    I. Introduction

    II. Metabolism of D-Glucuronic Acid in Animals

    III. Conversion of Inositol to D-Glucuronic Acid

    IV. Biosynthesis of D-Glucuronic Acid

    V. Effect of Drugs and Chemicals on Glucuronic Acid Metabolism

    VI. Metabolism of L-Ascorbic Acid

    VII. Glucuronic Acid Metabolism in Plants

    VIII. Glucuronic Acid Metabolism in Bacteria

    IX. Concluding Remarks

    References

    Chapter 6 Metabolism of Polysaccharides Containing Glucuronic Acid

    I. Introduction

    II. Polysaccharides of Animals

    III. Polysaccharides of Microorganisms

    IV. Polysaccharides of Higher Plants

    Appendix: Estimation of Polysaccharides Containing Glucuronic Acid

    References

    Part III: Biological Implications of Conjugation with Glucuronic Acid

    Chapter 7 Implication of the Conjugation of Drugs and Other Exogenous Compounds

    I. Introduction

    II. Types of Glucuronic Acid Conjugation

    III. Types of Drugs Undergoing Conjugation with Glucuronic Acid

    IV. Physicochemical Properties of Glucuronides

    V. Pharmacological Properties of Glucuronides

    VI. Mechanism of Drug Inactivation by Glucuronide Formation

    VII. The Excretion of Glucuronides

    VIII. Conclusion

    References

    Chapter 8 Implication of Conjugation of Endogenous Compounds—Bilirubin

    I. Origin and Metabolism of Bilirubin

    II. Conjugation and Excretion of Bilirubin

    III. Effect of Impaired Conjugation on Bilirubin Metabolism

    IV. Physiological Significance of Bilirubin Conjugation

    References

    Chapter 9 Implication of Conjugation of Endogenous Compounds—Steroids and Thyroxine

    I. Introduction

    II. Biosynthesis of Glucuronides

    III. Metabolism of Steroid Glucuronides

    IV. Relation between the Structure of Steroids and Their Form of Urinary Elimination

    V. Physiological Conditions and Steroid Glucuroconjugation

    References

    Author Index

    Subject Index




Product details

  • No. of pages: 648
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Academic Press 1966
  • Published: January 1, 1966
  • Imprint: Academic Press
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323143981

About the Editor

Geoffrey Dutton

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