Gender and Respiratory Disease, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine

1st Edition, Volume 42-3 - August 8, 2021
Editor: Margaret Pisani
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 8 9 5 5 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 8 9 5 6 - 1

This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest-edited by Dr. Margaret Pisani, is focused on Gender and Respiratory Disease. Topics discussed in this issue include but are not… Read more

Gender and Respiratory Disease, An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine

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This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine, guest-edited by Dr. Margaret Pisani, is focused on Gender and Respiratory Disease. Topics discussed in this issue include but are not limited to: What are sex and gender and how can we study their impact in respiratory disease?, Sex differences in respiratory physiology, Impact of gender on social determinants of health, Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea, Impact of gender on sleep disorders across the lifespan, Differences between men and women with COPD, Women and Lung Cancer, Pulmonary considerations in pregnant women and Asthma in women-gender specific considerations.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Forthcoming Issues
An Overview of Sex and Gender in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Key points
Definitions
History
Genetic differences
Hormones
Immune function
Clinical medicine
Research directions
Summary
Stress and Loss of Ovarian Function: Novel Insights into the Origins of Sex-Based Differences in the Manifestations of Respiratory Control Disorders During Sleep
Key points
Sex-based differences in respiratory function: current state of knowledge
Sleep-disordered breathing: a sexually dimorphic respiratory disorder
Loss of ovarian function: the trigger of sleep-disordered breathing in women
The link between stress and respiratory control disorders
Early life stress and sex-based differences in the programming of the stress neuroendocrine pathways and respiratory control
Neonatal stress and sex-specific increase in neural control of the O2 chemoreflex
Role of sex hormones
Chronic intermittent hypoxia and its sex-specific impacts on respiratory control in adult animals
17-β estradiol and progesterone prevent oxidative stress in animal models of sleep apnea
Summary
Clinics care points
The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Gender Disparities Within Respiratory Medicine
Key points
Introduction
Intersectionality
Socioeconomic and educational determinants of gender disparities
Occupational determinants of gender disparities in lung disease
Domestic exposures leading to gender disparities in lung disease
Cultural norms leading to gender disparities in lung disease
Developments in cultural competency
Summary
Sex Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Key points
Introduction
Prevalence
Obstructive sleep apnea pathogenesis: endophenotypes
Symptoms of obstructive sleep apneas
Diagnosis
Comorbidities
Treatment
Summary
Clinics care points
Impact of Sex on Sleep Disorders Across the Lifespan
Key points
Introduction
Childhood and adolescence
Pregnancy
Late adulthood
Summary
Clinics care points
Differences Between Men and Women with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Key points
Epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in men and women
Reasons for different prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in men and women
Patterns of presentation and symptom development between men and women
Different approaches to care occur for men and women
Summary
Clinics care points
Sex Differences and the Role of Sex Hormones in Pulmonary Hypertension
Key points
Introduction
Prevalence and survival
Hemodynamic characteristics
The estrogen paradox
Aromatase
Cytochrome P450 1B1
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2
Adipose and sex hormones
Testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone
Pulmonary hypertension in pregnancy
Future directions
Summary
Clinics care points
Women and Lung Cancer
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Lung cancer screening
Lung cancer risk
Outcomes
Final comments
Clinics care points
Pulmonary Considerations for Pregnant Women
Key points
Introduction
Pulmonary physiology in pregnancy
Cardiac physiology in pregnancy
Changes in physiology during labor and delivery
Radiologic testing in pregnant women with pulmonary diseases
Prescribing for the pregnant and the breastfeeding woman
Preconception counseling
Summary
Clinics care points
Unique Aspects of Asthma in Women
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Common differential diagnoses in women
Pathophysiology, phenotypes, and endotypes
Clinical presentations of asthma in women
Disease complications and special circumstances in women
Summary
Clinics care points
Conflicts of interest
Lung Diseases Unique to Women
Key points
Introduction
Lymphangioleomyomatosis
Thoracic endometriosis syndrome
Summary
Clinics care points
Challenges Faced by Women with Cystic Fibrosis
Key points
Introduction
Concerns from women with cystic fibrosis
Sex disparities in outcomes of people with cystic fibrosis
Puberty and menarche
Contraception
Fertility
Respiratory symptoms during sexual intercourse
Pregnancy
Parenthood
Body image
Incontinence
Menopause and osteoporosis
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosures
Interstitial Lung Diseases and the Impact of Gender
Key points
Introduction
Sex hormones and lung development
Sex hormones in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial lung diseases: Experimental data
The role of sex in the epidemiology of interstitial lung diseases: Clinical data
Future perspectives and concluding remarks
Clinics care points
Gender Differences in Critical Illness and Critical Care Research
Key points
Introduction
Epidemiology
Sex hormones in critical illness
Gender differences in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Gender differences in sepsis and septic shock
Outcomes and research in the critically ill obstetrics and postpartum patient
Gender differences in intensive care unit outcomes
Summary
Clinics care points
Pharmacology Considerations in Women in Lung Disease and Critical Care
Key points
Introduction
Discussion
Summary
Clinics care points
Disclosure