Fuels and Fuel Technology

Fuels and Fuel Technology: A Summarized Manual provides concise and accurate summary of existing knowledge and literature concerning fuel technology. The book discusses several kinds of fuels and topics relating to them, such as their properties, theories, composition, types, and classifications. The manual is organized into sections that cover a specific kind of fuel. Section A covers solid fuels, which includes wood, peat, and coal. Section B deals with liquid fuels, such as petroleum oils, diesel fuels, gasoline, and kerosene. Section C discusses gaseous fuels such as natural gas, and Section D tackles alternative energy, which includes wind power, water power, wave power, and solar power. Section E talks about energy planning, while section F covers fuel technology. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers alike who concern themselves with the aspects of different kinds of fuels.

Preface to the Second (SI) Edition

Preface to the First Edition

Section A: Solid Fuels

1 Definitions and Units

2 Wood

3 Peat

4 Lignites and Sub-Bituminous Coals

5 The Origin of Coal

6 The Classification of Coals

7 Petrology and Chemical Composition

8 Coal—Relationship between Carbon, Hydrogen, Volatile Matter and Calorific Value

9 Coalfields of Great Britain and World Resources

10 Coal Preparation—Grading and Crushing

11 Coal Preparation—Mechanical Cleaning—Theory

12 Coal Preparation—Mechanical Cleaning—Types of Plant

13 Coal Cleaning—Representation of Washer Performance

14 The Storage of Coal—Oxidation and Spontaneous Combustion

15 Combustion Calculations—Coal and Oil

16 Combustion of Coal on Grates

17 Combustion of Fuel in Fluidized Beds

18 Combustion of Coal without Grates

19 Mineral Impurities in Coal—Ash and Clinker Formation

20 Natural and Artificial Draught

21 Solid Fuels made from Coal—Briquettes

22 The Carbonization of Coal in Laboratory Apparatus

23 Solid Fuels Derived from Coal—Low-Temperature Coke

24 Solid Fuels Derived from Coal—High-Temperature Coke

25 Physical and Chemical Properties of Cokes

26 Effect of Coal and Process Variables on Coke Properties

27 Choice of Solid Fuels for Specific Purposes

28 The Sampling and Analysis of Solid Fuels

29 Determination of the Calorific Value of Coal, Coke and Non-Volatile Oils

Section B: Liquid Fuels

51 Definitions—Units—Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry

52 Petroleum Oils—The Origin and Nature of Crude Petroleum

53 Petroleum Oils—Preliminary Treatment and Distillation

54 Petroleum Oils—Cracking and Refining Processes

55 Petroleum Oils—Reforming Processes

56 Anti-Knock Rating and Octane Numbers

57 Diesel Fuels—Cetane Numbers

58 Gasolines—Properties and Specifications

59 Kerosines—Properties and Specifications

60 Diesel Fuels—Gas Oils—Specifications

61 Fuel Oils—Properties and Specifications

62 Test Methods for Petroleum Products

63 Oil Products Derived from Coal—Motor Benzole

64 Oil Products Derived from Coal—Coal Tar Fuels

65 Liquid Fuels Derived from Coal—Hydrogenation Products

66 Liquid Fuels Derived from Coal

67 Other Oil Fuels—Shale Oils—Alcohols

68 The Combustion of Fuel Oils—Kerosine

69 The Combustion of Fuel Oils—Furnace Oil Burners

70 The Combustion of Furnace Oils—Ancillary Equipment

71 Combustion of Fuel Oils—Applications

72 Combustion Data on Oil Fuels

Section C: Gaseous Fuels

101 Classification, Properties and Units

102 Natural Gas

103 Gases Produced by the Carbonization of Solid Fuels

104 Coal Gas—Types of Plan

105 The Recovery of By-Products from Coal Gas—Summary of Yields of Products by Carbonization of Coal

106 The Gasification of Coal—Producer Gas and Blast-Furnace Gas

107 The Gasification of Coal—Blue Water Gas

108 The Combined Gasification of Coal and Oil—Carburetted Water Gas

109 Lurgi Pressure Gasification of Coal

110 The Gasification of Oils

111 Reforming Petroleum Gases for Town Gas

112 Synthesis of Methane

113 Bottled Gases (Liquefied Petroleum Gases)

114 Fuel Gas Cleaning and Purification

115 Combustion Calculations—Gaseous Fuels

116 Mode of Combustion of Gases and Vapors

117 Fuel Gas Burners

118 Domestic Applications—Space and Central Heating

119 Industrial Applications

120 Metering and Distribution of Gas

121 Measurement of the Calorific Value of Fuel Gas

122 Analysis of Flue and Fuel Gases

123 Technical Merits of Gas over Other Fuels (Including Electricity)

Section D: Alternative Energy

130 Alternative Energy—Perspective and Relationship to Nuclear Power

131 Water Power

132 Wind-Power Generators

133 Wave Power

134 Solar Power

135 Geothermal Power

136 Energy from Biomass

Section E: Energy Planning

140 World Energy Reserves and Depletion Policy

141 A National Energy Plan

Section F: Fuel Technology

151 Choice of Fuels—Technical and Economic Considerations—Specifications

152 Central and Space Heating—General

153 Properties of Steam—Introduction

154 Work Done by Steam—Introduction

155 First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics—Thermal Cycles

156 Pass-out and Back-pressure Turbines—The Throttling Calorimeter

157 Industrial Boilers

158 Boilers—Auxiliary Plant

159 Boiler Waters—Feed Water Treatment

160 Heat Balances—Boilers

161 Properties of Metals—Testing—Resistance to Heat and Corrosion

162 The External Corrosion of Boiler-Plant Metals

163 The Flow of Fluids

164 Measurement of Fluid Flow

165 The Transfer of Heat

166 Supplementary Calculations

167 Refractories

168 Thermal Insulation—Lagging

169 Furnaces

170 Heat Balances—Furnaces

171 Control of Atmosphere in Metallurgical Furnaces

172 Atmospheric Pollution

173 Prevention of Atmospheric Pollution by Industrial Gases

174 The Gas Turbine

175 Instruments—Measuring

176 Instrumentation—Automatic Control

177 Electro-technology Applied to Fuel Technology

178 Waste Heat Boilers

179 Mass Transfer in Distillation and Drying

180 Single- and Multiple-Effect Evaporators