Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis

5th Edition - July 8, 2021
Author: Steven McGee
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 4 8 3 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 4 8 4 - 2

Evidence-based insights into physical signs have evolved and progressed greatly over the past few years, further defining how physical findings identify disease, solve clinical… Read more

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Evidence-based insights into physical signs have evolved and progressed greatly over the past few years, further defining how physical findings identify disease, solve clinical problems, and forecast patient outcomes. Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis, 5th Edition, is an up-to-date, authoritative resource for guidance on interpreting physical signs, enabling you to determine the most appropriate physical finding to confirm a diagnosis. Incorporating more than 200 new studies, this definitive text helps you glean the most from what you hear, see, and feel at the bedside—information that, combined with modern technologic testing, will grant clinicians the keys to outstanding patient care.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Any screen, Any time, Anywhere
Copyright
Dedication
Preface to the Fifth Edition
Introduction to the First Edition
References
part 1: Introduction
Chapter 1. What is Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis?
Part 2: Understanding the Evidence
Chapter 2. Diagnostic Accuracy of Physical Findings
I Introduction
II Pre-Test Probability
III Sensitivity and Specificity
IV Likelihood Ratios
References
Chapter 3. Using the Tables in This Book
I Introduction
II Frequency of Findings Tables
III Diagnostic Accuracy Tables (EBM Boxes)
IV Criteria for Selecting Studies Used in Diagnostic Accuracy Tables
V Summarizing Likelihood Ratios
References
Chapter 4. Using the Online EBM Calculator
I The Evidence-Based Medicine Calculator
II Using the Calculator
Chapter 5. Reliability of Physical Findings
Appendix Calculation of the κ-statistic
References
Part 3: General Appearance of the Patient
Chapter 6. Mental Status Examination
I Introduction
II Clock-Drawing Test
III Mini-Cog Test
IV Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE)
V Diagnosis of Delirium (Confusion Assessment Method)
References
Chapter 7. Stance and Gait
I Introduction
II Etiology of Gait Disorders
III Types of Gait Disorders and Their Significance
IV Evaluation of Gait Disorders
V Canes
References
Chapter 8. Jaundice
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 9. Cyanosis
I Definitions
II Pathogenesis
III The Finding
IV Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 10. Anemia
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 11. Hypovolemia
I Introduction
II The Findings and Their Pathogenesis
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 12. Protein-Energy Malnutrition and Weight Loss
Protein-Energy Malnutrition
Weight Loss
References
Chapter 13. Obesity
I Introduction
II The Findings and Their Significance
References
Chapter 14. Cushing Syndrome
I Introduction
II The Findings and Their Pathogenesis
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 4: Vital Signs
Chapter 15. Pulse Rate and Contour
Pulse Rate
Abnormalities of Pulse Contour
References
Chapter 16. Abnormalities of Pulse Rhythm
I Introduction
II Technique
III The Findings and Their Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 17. Blood Pressure
I Introduction
II Technique
III The Findings and Their Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 18. Temperature
I Introduction
II Technique
III The Finding
IV Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 19. Respiratory Rate and Abnormal Breathing Patterns
Respiratory Rate
Abnormal Breathing Patterns
References
Chapter 20. Pulse Oximetry
I Introduction
II The Finding
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 5: Head and Neck
Chapter 21. The Pupils
Normal Pupils
Abnormal Pupils
References
Chapter 22. Diabetic Retinopathy
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 23. The Red Eye
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 24. Hearing
I Introduction
II Technique
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 25. Thyroid and Its Disorders
Goiter
Thyroid Nodules
Hypothyroidism (Myxedema)
Hyperthyroidism
References
Chapter 26. Meninges
I The Findings
II Pathogenesis of Meningeal Signs
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 27. Peripheral Lymphadenopathy
I Introduction
II Anatomy and Pathogenesis
III The Finding
IV Clinical Significance
References
Part 6: The Lungs
Chapter 28. Inspection of the Chest
I Clubbing (Acropachy, Hippocratic fingers)
II Barrel Chest
III Pursed Lip Breathing
IV Accessory Muscle Use
V Chest Wall Retractions and Nasal Flaring
VI Intensity of Breathing Sounds (Inspiratory White Noise; Noisy Breathing)
References
Chapter 29. Palpation and Percussion of the Chest
Palpation
Percussion
References
Chapter 30. Auscultation of the Lungs
I Breath Sounds
II Vocal Resonance
III Adventitious Sounds
References
Chapter 31. Ancillary Tests
I Forced Expiratory Time
II Blow-Out-The-Match Test
References
Part 7: Selected Pulmonary Disorders
Chapter 32. Pneumonia
I Introduction
II Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 33. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 34. Pulmonary Embolism
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 35. Pleural Effusion
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 8: The Heart
Chapter 36. Inspection of the Neck Veins
I Introduction
II Venous Pressure
III Abdominojugular Test
IV Kussmaul Sign
V Venous Waveforms
References
Chapter 37. Percussion of the Heart
I Introduction
II Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 38. Palpation of the Heart
I Introduction
II Technique
III The Findings
IV Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 39. Auscultation of the Heart: General Principles
I Characteristics of Heart Sounds and Murmurs
II The Stethoscope
III Use of the Stethoscope
References
Chapter 40. The First and Second Heart Sounds
The First Heart Sound (S1)
The Second Heart Sound (S2)
References
Chapter 41. The Third and Fourth Heart Sounds
I Introduction
II Definitions
III Technique
IV Pathogenesis
V Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 42. Miscellaneous Heart Sounds
Ejection Sounds
Mid-to-late Systolic Clicks
Opening Snap
Pericardial Knock
Tumor Plop
Prosthetic Heart Sounds
References
Chapter 43. Heart Murmurs: General Principles
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 9: Selected Cardiac Disorders
Chapter 44. Aortic Stenosis
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 45. Aortic Regurgitation
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 46. Miscellaneous Heart Murmurs
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Tricuspid Regurgitation
Pulmonic Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Arteriovenous Fistulae: The Hemodialysis Fistula
References
Chapter 47. Disorders of the Pericardium
Pericarditis and the Pericardial Rub
Cardiac Tamponade
Constrictive Pericarditis
References
Chapter 48. Congestive Heart Failure
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 49. Coronary Artery Disease
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 10: Abdomen
Chapter 50. Inspection of the Abdomen
Ecchymosis of the Abdominal Wall
Sister Mary Joseph Nodule
References
Chapter 51. Palpation and Percussion of the Abdomen
I Introductory Comments on Technique
II Liver
III The Spleen
IV Gallbladder: Courvoisier Sign
V Bladder Volume
VI Ascites
VII Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
References
Chapter 52. Abdominal Pain and Tenderness
Acute Abdominal Pain
Chronic Abdominal Pain
References
Chapter 53. Auscultation of the Abdomen
Abdominal Bruits
Hepatic Rub
Bowel Sounds
References
Part 11: Extremities
Chapter 54. Peripheral Vascular Disease
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 55. The Diabetic Foot
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 56. Edema and Deep Vein Thrombosis
Edema
Deep Vein Thrombosis
References
Chapter 57. Examination of the Musculoskeletal System
The Shoulder
The Hip
The Knee
The Ankle
References
Part 12: Neurologic Examination
Chapter 58. Visual Field Testing
I Introduction
II Definitions
III The Anatomy of the Visual Pathways
IV Technique
V The Findings
VI Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 59. Nerves of the Eye Muscles (III, IV, and VI): Approach to Diplopia
Diplopia
Disorders of Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI
References
Chapter 60. Miscellaneous Cranial Nerves
Olfactory Nerve (I)
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
Facial Nerve (VII)
Glossopharyngeal (IX) and Vagus (X) Nerves
Spinal Accessory Nerve (XI)
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
References
Chapter 61. Examination of the Motor System: Approach to Weakness
The Motor Examination
Approach to Weakness
References
Chapter 62. Examination of the Sensory System
Simple Sensations
Proprioception
Cortical Sensations
Dermatomes
Sensory Syndromes
References
Chapter 63. Examination of the Reflexes
Reflex Hammers
Muscle Stretch Reflexes
Cutaneous Reflexes (Superficial Reflexes)
Babinski Response
Primitive Reflexes
References
Chapter 64. Disorders of the Nerve Roots, Plexuses, and Peripheral Nerves
I Introduction
II The Arm
III The Leg
References
Chapter 65. Coordination and Cerebellar Testing
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Part 13: Selected Neurologic Disorders
Chapter 66. Tremor and Parkinson Disease
I Introduction
II The Finding
III Clinical Significance: Diagnosing Parkinson Disease
References
Chapter 67. Hemorrhagic Versus Ischemic Stroke
I Introduction
II Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 68. Acute Vertigo and Imbalance
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Chapter 69. Examination of Nonorganic Neurologic Disorders
I Traditional Physical Findings of Nonorganic Disease
II Clinical Significance
References
Part 14: Examination in the Intensive Care Unit
Chapter 70. Examination of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
I Introduction
II The Findings
III Clinical Significance
References
Appendix
Chapter 71. Appendix: Likelihood Ratios, Confidence Intervals, and Pretest Probability
Index

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Steven McGee