Electrical Interactions in Molecular Biophysics

Electrical Interactions in Molecular Biophysics

An Introduction

1st Edition - April 28, 1978

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  • Editor: Raymond Gabler
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323154048

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Description

Electrical Interactions in Molecular Biophysics: An Introduction deals with electrical interactions between biomolecules and therefore encompasses two disciplines, molecular biology and physics. The emphasis is on the electrical nature of biochemical or molecular biological reactions. The principles of electrostatics are used to explain some of the basic units of structure on a molecular level. Comprised of nine chapters, this book opens with an overview of the concepts and structures of biochemistry, with particular reference to different structural biochemical groups and how they are used as building blocks in forming molecules. The following chapters discuss the basics of elementary electrostatics; dielectric constants and dipoles; the dipole moments of biomolecules; van der Waals forces; and Debye-Huckel theory. Water and water structure are also considered from a physical standpoint. The final chapter is devoted to experimental techniques that rely upon the electrical properties of biomolecules and explains what types of information can be obtained from each experimental form. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners in biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics, or microbiology.

Table of Contents


  • Preface

    Acknowledgment

    1 Biochemistry

    Introduction

    Bioelements

    General Biochemistry

    Proteins

    pH and Ionization of Amino Acids

    Protein Structure

    Nucleic Acids

    Summary

    General References

    References

    2 Electrostatics

    Introduction

    Coulomb's Law

    Units

    Vectors and Scalars

    Electric Field

    Gauss' s Law

    Electric Potential

    Relation between Electric Potential and Field

    The Potential of a Point Charge

    Electric Potential Energy

    Summary

    References

    3 Dipoles and Dielectric Constants

    Introduction

    Dipoles

    Electric Field of a Dipole

    Dipole in an Electric Field

    Dipole in a Nonuniform Field

    General Dipole

    Quadruple

    Dielectric Constant

    Dielectrics and Capacitors

    Dielectric Constant and Temperature

    Dielectric Constant and Distance of Separation

    Dielectric Constant and Salt Concentration

    Dielectric Constant and Frequency

    Summary

    References

    4 Dipole Moments of Biological Macromolecules

    Introduction

    Polarizability

    Polarization Vector

    Boltzmann's Distribution

    Exponential Atmosphere

    Statistical Alignment of Freely Rotating Permanent Dipoles

    The Average

    The Average Component of the Dipole in the Direction of the Field

    Polarizability and Dielectric Constant—The Lorentz Field

    Dielectric Increment

    Dielectric Dispersion

    Experimental Results

    Interpretive Difficulties

    Measurement of Dielectric Constant

    Summary

    References

    5 Types of Molecular Interactions

    Introduction

    Charge-Charge Interaction

    Charge-Dipole Interaction

    Dipole-Dipole Interaction

    The Hydrogen Bond

    Alpha or Beta

    Induction Energy

    Charge-Induced Dipole Interaction

    Dipole-Induced Dipole Interaction

    Short-Range Repulsive Interactions

    Further Examples

    Summary

    References

    6 Van der Waals Forces

    Introduction

    Real Gases

    Mechanism of VDW Forces

    Lipids, Fatty Acids, and Membranes

    Micelles

    Biological Membranes

    Enzyme-Substrate Interactions

    DNA

    Extension of Theory

    Lifshitz Theory

    Experimental Verifications

    Summary

    References

    7 Debye-Hückel Theory

    Introduction

    Density of Counterions

    Ionic Strength

    Poisson Equation

    Mathematical Solution

    Debye Length

    Salting Out

    Energy of the System

    Another Biological Implication of the Debye-Hückel Theory

    Electrical Interactions between Two Ions

    Weaknesses of the Debye-Hückel Theory

    Summary

    References

    8 Water

    Introduction

    Electron Orbitals of Carbon

    Electron Orbitals of Oxygen

    Water as a Molecule

    Ice

    Liquid Water

    Hydration

    Water and Biomolecules

    Summary

    References

    9 Experimental Electrical Techniques

    Introduction

    Electrophoresis

    Electrophoretic Mobility

    Microscopic Electrophoressis

    Moving Boundary Electrophoressis

    Zone Electrophoressis

    Disk Gel Electrophoressis

    SDS Gel Electrophoressis

    Dielectrophoresis

    Ion Exchange Chromatography

    Isoelectric Precipitation

    Isoelectric Focusing

    Electrophoretic Light Scattering

    Alignment in an Electric Field

    Sedimentation Velocity

    Summary

    References

    Appendix A Vector Analysis

    Appendix B Useful Constants and Conversion Factors

    Index

Product details

  • No. of pages: 364
  • Language: English
  • Copyright: © Academic Press 1978
  • Published: April 28, 1978
  • Imprint: Academic Press
  • eBook ISBN: 9780323154048

About the Editor

Raymond Gabler

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