Diet, Inflammation, and Health

1st Edition - April 27, 2022
Editors: James R. Hebert, Lorne J Hofseth
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 1 3 0 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 1 6 5 - 5

Diet, Inflammation, and Health introduces concepts of inflammation, the role of acute inflammatory responses in good health, and the association of chronic systemic inflam… Read more

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Diet, Inflammation, and Health introduces concepts of inflammation, the role of acute inflammatory responses in good health, and the association of chronic systemic inflammation with mental distress, cognitive decline, and chronic diseases, ranging from diabetes to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and cancer. The book also describes the pathophysiology of inflammation and its effects on insulin insensitivity and blunted immune response to carcinogenesis. Researchers and allied health care professionals working in dietetics and medicine, as well as students studying related fields will benefit from this reference and its recommendations on areas where future research is needed.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Inflammation in the long arc of history
1. Introduction: inflammatory responses are universal
2. Our evolving understanding of immune and inflammatory responses
3. Looking way back in time to understand why inflammation is a universal property of living systems
4. What is the relationship between inflammation and immune response?
5. How we have coopted inflammatory and immune responses from other organisms over our evolutionary history
6. Conclusion
Chapter 2. History of nutrition and inflammation
1. Introduction
2. Natural history of nutrition and inflammation
3. Human history of nutrition and inflammation
4. Other nutrients
5. This emergence of chemoprevention in the last decades of the 20th century
6. Special/vulnerable populations
7. The demographic, epidemiologic, and nutrition transitions and the age of excess
Chapter 3. Diet and acute and chronic, systemic, low-grade inflammation
1. Acute versus chronic inflammation
2. The nutrition connections
3. Evidence that chronic inflammation drives disease
4. Covert systemic inflammatory load and tissue-specific simmering inflammation
5. Obesity is associated with a high inflammatory load
6. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Resolving acute inflammation; what happens when inflammation goes haywire? How can it get back in line?
1. Acute inflammation
2. How can inflammation get back in line?
3. Resolution of inflammation
4. Resolution pharmacology: proresolving lipid mediators
5. Dietary intervention with omega-3 PUFA
6. Lipoxins
7. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
8. Maresins
9. Resolvins
10. SPM pharmacology—resolution indices
11. SPM are protective in preclinical studies
12. Failure of resolution
13. Resolution pharmacology—synthetic derivatives
14. Clinical trials and SPM: market prospective
15. Concluding remarks
Chapter 5. Methods and tools used to describe and quantify the associations between diet, inflammation, and health
1. Introduction
2. Methodologic concepts
3. The study
4. Exposure estimates
5. Outcomes/endpoints
6. Important covariates
7. Study design: allocating treatment and alternative methods of assessing efficacy and effectiveness
8. Analyzing data to determine whether there is an association between diet and putative endpoints/outcomes
9. Publication bias
10. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Diet, inflammation, and the “itises” (including musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal conditions)
1. Introduction
2. Inflammatory diseases of the digestive system
3. Inflammation of the skin
4. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
5. Neuroinflammatory conditions
6. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes—relationship to metabolic syndrome and inflammation
1. Introduction
2. Influence of dietary patterns on type 2 diabetes development
3. Individual food constituents and type 2 diabetes and underlying risk factors
4. Dietary indices assessing dietary intake and interventions
5. Mechanistic aspects of the relationship between diet, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes
6. Intervention approaches to reduce type 2 diabetes and MetS as part of therapeutic approaches
7. Conclusions and perspectives
Chapter 8. Diet, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease
1. Introduction
2. Brief overview of cardiovascular diseases and their connections to diet and inflammation
3. Dietary patterns and cardiovascular diseases
4. Epidemiological studies—focus on food groups
5. Mechanistic effects linking nutrients and dietary patterns to cardiovascular diseases
6. Summary
Chapter 9. Diet, inflammation, and cancer
1. Introduction
2. Linking inflammation and cancer
3. Dietary indices
4. Nasopharyngeal cancer
5. Esophageal and other cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract
6. Gastric cancer
7. Colorectal cancer
8. Hepatocellular carcinoma
9. Pancreatic cancer
10. Lung cancer
11. Breast cancer
12. Prostate cancer
13. Cancer is increasing in the young in the last quarter century
14. Inflammation—at the mechanistic crossroads of diet and cancer
15. Diet–microbiome–inflammation–cancer link
16. The inflammation-to-cancer sequence
17. The arachidonic acid cascade and free-radical production
18. Cytokines
19. Conclusions
Chapter 10. Inflammatory potential of diet in mental disorders and psychosocial stress
1. Introduction
2. The role of inflammation in mental disorders
3. The role of diet in mental disorders: an overview of the current evidence with a focus on depression
4. The role of healthy diet patterns as an anti-inflammatory agent
5. The dietary inflammatory index (DII)
6. The role of individual dietary components in mental health and inflammation
7. Conclusion
Chapter 11. Inflammatory potential of diet and aging
1. Introduction
2. Frailty
3. Bone health
4. Diet, inflammation, and the pathophysiology of the aging eye
5. Cognitive decline
6. Conclusion
Chapter 12. Inflammatory potential of diet and health outcomes in pregnancy, infancy, and childhood
1. Introduction
2. Maternal dietary inflammation during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes
3. Maternal dietary inflammation during pregnancy and associations with fetal outcomes
4. Maternal dietary inflammation during lactation and associations with breast milk composition
5. Maternal dietary inflammation during pregnancy and associations with offspring childhood outcomes
6. Dietary inflammation during childhood and associations with childhood health outcomes
7. Conclusions and future perspectives
Chapter 13. Physical activity and inflammation: acute and chronic considerations
1. Introduction to inflammation and physical activity
2. Acute exercise and inflammation
3. Workload matters
4. (Anti-)inflammation and adaptation—strategies to aid “recovery”
5. Exercise reduces chronic inflammation
6. Conclusions
Chapter 14. The role of diet and physical activity in influencing the microbiota/microbiome
1. Introduction
2. Microbiota/microbiome
3. Diet and microbiota
4. Physical activity and microbiota
5. Conclusions
Chapter 15. Inflammatory potential of the diet: role of circadian rhythms and sleep
1. Introduction
2. Overview of circadian rhythms
3. Chrononutrition
4. Chrononutrition and inflammation
5. Chrononutrition and anthropometric measurements
6. Chrononutrition and metabolic markers
7. Sleep and diet
8. Chronotype and diet
9. Shift work and diet
10. Conclusion
Chapter 16. What constitutes an antiinflammatory diet? How does this contrast with a proinflammatory diet?
1. Introduction
2. Perceptions of foods: their chemical characteristics and inflammatory potential
3. Describing patterns of intake
4. Specific recommendations
5. Characteristics of specific diets
6. Caveats and idiosyncrasies
7. Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 17. Following the long arc of history: where do we go from here?
1. Introduction
2. Keeping it in perspective: the need to evaluate evidence on the role of diet in inflammation and health
3. Controversies in addressing this growing problem of chronic disease
4. The dawn of a new epoch in which humans exert dominion and control
5. Environmental changes that have begun to affect food production and nutrition in the anthropocene
6. Human health, inflammation, and diet in the anthropocene
7. Using our knowledge to set the stage for making effective change
8. Action that can be taken now by individuals based on current knowledge
9. Addressing looming global threats based on existing scientific knowledge
10. Summary and Conclusion
Index

James R. Hebert

James R. Hébert, MSPH, ScD, Health Sciences Distinguished Professor of Epidemiology and Founding Director of the South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program at the University of South Carolina, also is Founder, President and Scientific Director of Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI). Dr. Hébert received his master’s degree in Environmental Health from the University of Washington and his doctorate in Nutritional Epidemiology from Harvard University. Among his many honors and awards, in 2017 he was named to the NIH Nutrition Research Task Force Thought Leaders Panel. One of the most well published and highly cited research scientists in the world, Dr. Hébert is well known for his research into the role of diet in health and for developing the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), which is revolutionizing research into chronic systemic inflammation as a cause of numerous chronic diseases ranging from diabetes to depression, cardiovascular disease, and many cancers.

Affiliations and expertise

Health Sciences Distinguished Professor of Epidemiology and Founding Director, South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina; Founder, President and Scientific Director, Connecting Health Innovations LLC (CHI)

Lorne J Hofseth

Lorne J. Hofseth, is a professor, interim associate dean for research at the Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences (DDBS) College of Pharmacy, and director at the Center for Colon Cancer Research, at the University of South Carolina. He completed his BS and PhD degrees from Simon Fraser University, and postdoctoral fellowship in Michigan State University and the National Cancer Institute. Dr. Hofseth has published over 100 scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals, with research interests revolving around chronic inflammation and cancer. He has dedicated his career to identifying novel targets and therapeutic approaches to suppressing inflammation with minimal toxicity, carrying out clinical trials to examine the role of antioxidants in suppressing systemic inflammation, and improve overall health.