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Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy
Evidence to Practice
- 6th Edition - January 19, 2022
- Authors: Donna Frownfelter, Elizabeth Dean, Marcia Stout, Rob Kruger, Joseph Anthony
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 2 4 7 1 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 2 4 7 2 - 5
Commensurate with an emphasis on evidence-based practice and health competencies to improve patient outcomes, get a solid foundation in cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology an… Read more
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Request a sales quoteCommensurate with an emphasis on evidence-based practice and health competencies to improve patient outcomes, get a solid foundation in cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology and rehabilitation! Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: Evidence and Practice, 6th Edition provides a holistic, person-centered approach to the spectrum of cardiovascular and pulmonary physical therapy. From examination and evaluation to interventions, this book guides you through the health promotion strategies for maximizing patients’ health and wellbeing, in conjunction with managing the needs of patients with acute and chronic conditions, those in intensive care units, and of special populations such as children and elders. Selected case studies translate related scientific research into evidence-based practice and enhance clinical decision making. Now including an enhanced eBook version (with print purchase), this text details the latest best practices to help achieve the best physical therapy outcomes.
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- List of contributors
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
- Video contents
- List of Tables
- List of Illustrations
- Part I. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Function in Health and Disease
- 1. Epidemiology as a basis for informing contemporary physical therapist practice
- What is health?
- Lifestyle-related noncommunicable diseases
- The life cycle and lifestyle-related noncommunicable diseases
- “First do no harm”
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 2. Cardiovascular and pulmonary function in health
- Introduction
- Functional anatomy of the thoracic walls and boundaries
- The mechanics of breathing
- Upper airways
- Lower airways
- Lungs
- Control of breathing
- Heart
- Overview of the anatomy of circulation
- Cardiopulmonary physiology
- Principles of oxygen transport
- Chapter summary: Steps in the oxygen transport pathway
- Review questions
- References
- 3. Cardiovascular and pulmonary function in disease
- The heart and lung in disease
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 4. Psychosocial aspects of health status: Theoretical bases
- Behavioral learning theories
- Health psychological theories
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Part II. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: Cardiopulmonary Assessment
- 5. Measurement, documentation, and clinical decision making
- Characteristics of measurements and outcomes
- Selecting tests and measures: Self-reported versus performance-based
- Performing tests and measures
- Purposes of documentation
- Guidelines for content and organization
- Electronic health records
- HIPAA guidelines
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 6. History
- Interview
- Common symptoms in people with cardiopulmonary dysfunction
- General pain
- Fatigue
- Edema
- Psychosocial well-being and mental health
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 7. Pulmonary function tests
- Preoperative pulmonary evaluation
- Lung volumes
- Lung capacities
- Air flow measurements
- Closing volume and airway closure
- Maximum voluntary ventilation
- Diagnosis of restrictive and obstructive lung disease
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 8. Arterial blood gases
- Noninvasive monitoring
- Partial pressure of gases
- Acid-base balance
- Blood gas interpretation
- Respiratory failure
- Factors affecting arterial blood gases
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 9. Imaging of the chest
- The chest radiograph and its interpretation
- Evaluation for potential pathology
- Other imaging methods
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 10. Electrocardiogram identification and interpretation
- Physiology and anatomy of the conduction system
- Electrocardiogram
- Dysrhythmia identification
- Myocardial ischemia or infarction
- Summary
- Case study 10.1
- Case study 10.2
- Review questions
- Answers to case study 10.1:
- Answers to case study 10.2:
- References
- 11. Multisystem assessment and laboratory investigations
- Rationale for multisystem assessment
- Elements of multisystem assessment
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 12. Cardiovascular and pulmonary invasive and noninvasive tests
- Outcomes of invasive and noninvasive tests of the heart
- Nuclear imaging systems
- Nuclear tests of the cardiovascular system
- Nuclear tests of the pulmonary system
- Angiography
- Echocardiography
- Echo for pulmonary imaging
- Computed tomography
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Bronchoscopy
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 13. Clinical assessment and evaluation of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems
- Medical chart review and the patient interview
- The chief complaint
- History of present illness
- Description of symptoms
- Medications
- Systems review
- Vitals signs
- Physical examination
- Case studies
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 14. Clinical assessment and evaluation of psychosocial status
- Symptoms of anxiety and depression
- Kinesiophobia
- Self-efficacy
- Coping strategies and social support
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Part III. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: Interventions
- 15. Maximizing outcomes: Relating interventions to an individual’s needs
- International classification of functioning, disability, and health
- What is the problem?
- What is the intervention and why?
- What is the course of intervention?
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 16. Psychosocial interventions to augment outcomes
- Symptoms of anxiety and depression
- Kinesiophobia
- Self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and self-regulation
- Behavior change techniques
- Coping strategies and social support
- Patient adherence
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 17. Mobilization and exercise: Physiological basis for assessment, evaluation, and training
- Terminology in mobilization and exercise
- Basic principles of mobilization and exercise
- The prescription of mobilization and exercise
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 18. Mobilization and exercise: Testing and training
- Pre-exercise test evaluation
- Exercise testing
- Exercise tests and protocols
- Exercise training prescription
- Exercise prescription
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 19. Therapeutic body positioning
- Gravity and normal physiological function: Physical therapy implications
- Prescriptive versus routine body positioning
- Physiological effects of various body positions
- Gravity-assisted drainage positions
- Physiological effects of frequent changes in body position
- Prescription of therapeutic body positions and body position changes
- Practical considerations in positioning patients
- Monitoring responses to a body position or position changes
- Advances in monitoring the effects of positioning
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 20. Airway clearance and coughing techniques
- Conditions that may benefit from airway clearance
- Airway clearance techniques
- Contraindications and precautions for manual and mechanical airway clearance techniques
- Facilitating airway clearance with coughing techniques
- Cough associated with eating or drinking
- Cough pump
- Complications of coughing
- Cough evaluation
- Patient instruction
- Active assisted cough techniques
- Coughassist machine
- Factors affecting selection of airway clearance techniques
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 21. Facilitating ventilation patterns and breathing strategies
- Acknowledgments
- Positioning concerns
- Ventilatory and movement strategies for improving functional outcomes
- Considerations in teaching breathing control to patients with primary versus secondary pulmonary dysfunction
- Pursed-lips breathing
- Relationship of the diaphragm and posture
- Facilitating diaphragmatic breathing
- Diaphragmatic controlled breathing
- Positioning concerns
- Relaxation of upper chest and shoulders
- Repatterning technique
- Procedure for teaching controlled diaphragmatic breathing (scoop technique)
- Lateral costal breathing
- Mobilizing the thorax
- Facilitating accessory muscles in ventilation
- Patients with asymmetrical dysfunction
- Reducing respiratory rates
- Glossopharyngeal breathing
- Enhancing vocalization skills
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 22. Exercise testing and training: Cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Introduction
- Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation: Evidence, efficacy, and practice
- Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation
- Cardiac rehabilitation: Program components
- Pulmonary rehabilitation: Program components
- Physical activity and exercise
- Cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation: Future directions
- Patients with chronic cardiac dysfunction: Exercise responses
- Role of medications: Augmenters and attenuators of outcome
- Individuals with chronic pulmonary dysfunction: Exercise responses
- Patients with nonprimary cardiopulmonary dysfunction
- Individuals with neurological considerations
- Individuals with considerations of the head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
- Individuals with gastrointestinal or nutritional considerations
- Individuals with genitourinary considerations
- Individuals with vascular considerations
- Individuals with hematological considerations
- Individuals with endocrine considerations
- Individuals with dermatological considerations
- Individuals with musculoskeletal considerations
- Individuals with psychiatric disorders
- Individuals with cancer
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 23. Respiratory muscle training
- Introduction
- Respiratory muscle assessment
- Respiratory muscle training methods
- Respiratory muscle training in health
- Respiratory muscle training in disease
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 24. Integrative therapies as cardiovascular and pulmonary physical therapy interventions
- What are integrative therapies?
- Traditional therapies applied from a holistic approach: Intention
- The problem of scientific evidence
- Use of specific integrative therapy interventions in cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions
- References
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 25. Patient education
- Defining patient education
- Needs-based approach to patient education
- Learning needs assessment
- Educational methods
- Determination of effectiveness
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Bibliography
- Part IV. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy Acute and Chronic Conditions
- 26. Individuals with acute medical and surgical conditions
- Acute medical conditions: Management
- Acute surgical conditions: Management
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 27. Individuals with chronic primary cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Individuals with primary cardiovascular disease
- Individuals with primary pulmonary disease: Obstructive patterns
- Individuals with primary pulmonary disease: Restrictive patterns
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 28. Individuals with chronic secondary cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Individuals with chronic secondary dysfunction
- Individuals with neuromuscular conditions
- Individuals with musculoskeletal conditions
- Individuals with collagen vascular, connective tissue, rheumatoid, renal and metabolic (obesity) conditions
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Part V. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: Intensive Care
- 29. Monitoring systems, catheters, and devices in the intensive care unit
- Fluid and electrolyte balance
- Acid-base balance
- Blood gases
- Hemodynamic monitoring
- Intravenous lines
- Central venous pressure monitoring
- Intraarterial lines
- Intracranial pressure monitoring
- Feeding tubes
- Drains
- Urinary catheters and fecal (waste) drains
- Summary
- Review questions
- Acknowledgement
- References
- 30. Comprehensive management of individuals in the intensive care unit
- Specialized expertise of the intensive care unit physical therapist
- Goals and general basis of management
- General clinical aspects of the management of the intensive care unit patient
- Treatment prescription in the intensive care unit
- Nonclinical aspects of the management of the patient in the intensive care unit
- End-of-life issues
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 31. Intensive care management of medical and surgical conditions
- Cardiovascular and pulmonary failure
- Obstructive lung disease
- Optimize the oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption relationship
- Status asthmaticus
- Restrictive lung disease
- Myocardial infarction
- Conservatively managed myocardial infarction
- Open heart surgery
- Intensive care management of individuals with secondary cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Part VI. Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy: Special Cases
- 32. Infants and children with cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Cardiovascular and pulmonary development
- Common pediatric diagnoses
- Physical therapy intervention
- Summary
- Acknowledgement
- Review questions
- References
- 33. The older adult
- An increasing older adult population
- Cardiovascular and pulmonary changes with aging
- Review questions
- References
- 34. Multisystem consequences of impaired breathing mechanics and/or postural control
- Breathing: A three-dimensional activity within gravity’s influence
- Multisystem interactions and their influence on health and motor performance: The relationship between respiration and postural control
- Compensatory breathing patterns associated with insufficient muscular support
- Application of the soda-pop can model to a clinical example
- Multisystem evaluation, examination, and intervention
- Broader application
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 35. The transplant patient
- Background
- Issues associated with transplantation
- Physical therapy considerations
- Rehabilitation of the transplant patient
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 36. The patient in the community
- Chronic conditions and self-management
- Cardiovascular and pulmonary concerns in the community
- Long-term care facilities and nursing homes
- Long-term care facilities and nursing homes
- Monitoring cardiovascular and pulmonary status in the long-term care facility
- Physical therapy in the home
- Monitoring cardiovascular and pulmonary status at home
- Special monitoring considerations for patients on oxygen
- Safety considerations in the home setting
- Exercise and activity at home
- Home oxygen
- Documentation
- Support for people in the home or community
- Therapeutic goals for home care patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Part VII. Related Aspects of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Physical Therapy
- 37. Body mechanics: Positioning and moving patients
- Positioning for optimal ventilation
- Lifting and moving dependent patients
- Moving dependent patients
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 38. Review of respiratory care practices
- Introduction
- Oxygen therapy
- Assessing the need for supplemental oxygen
- Techniques and systems for administrating oxygen therapy
- Nasal cannula
- Oxymizer reservoir cannula
- Simple mask
- Nonrebreather mask
- Transtracheal oxygen
- Principles and advantages of high-flow oxygen delivery and delivery systems
- Impedance to delivery of adequate oxygen under conditions of severe airway obstruction: The phenomenon of dynamic hyperinflation
- Ventimask
- Requirements of delivery systems for supplying oxygen flow to high-flow air-entrainment devices
- High-flow oxygen delivery devices and systems
- Home oxygen systems
- Portable oxygen systems
- Oxygen-conserving devices and oxygen-conserving features of portable oxygen systems
- Use of home oxygen systems to provide supplemental oxygen in the rehabilitation setting
- Use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and oxygenation during exercise
- Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
- Additional respiratory modalities
- Considering rehabilitation of patients who are receiving mechanical support of ventilation
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- 39. Care of the patient with an artificial airway
- Indications of need
- Cuffed tracheostomy tubes
- Cuffless tracheostomy tubes
- Other airway devices
- Airway care
- Summary
- Review questions
- References
- Appendix A: Elements of international standards for a cardiac rehabilitation program
- Appendix B: Elements of international standards for a pulmonary rehabilitation program
- Appendix C: Exercise testing and prescription considerations for people with primary cardiovascular pulmonary and endocrine conditions
- Appendix D: Exercise testing and prescription considerations for people with nonprimary heart lung and endocrine conditions
- Appendix E: Common complementary therapies
- Glossary
- Index
- No. of pages: 848
- Language: English
- Edition: 6
- Published: January 19, 2022
- Imprint: Mosby
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323624718
- eBook ISBN: 9780323624725
DF
Donna Frownfelter
Affiliations and expertise
Programs in Physical Therapy, Northwestern University; Committed to Excellence, Glenview, ILED
Elizabeth Dean
Affiliations and expertise
Assistant Professor, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Director, Postpolio Clinic, University Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaRK
Rob Kruger
Affiliations and expertise
Faculty for Critical Care Nursing, Simulation and Innovation, British Columbia Institute of TechnologyJA
Joseph Anthony
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Physical Therapy, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall