Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals

Climate Change Mitigation: Sequestration of Green House Gases

1st Edition - December 1, 2021
Editors: Indu Shekhar Thakur, Ashok Pandey, Huu Hao Ngo, Carlos Ricardo Soccol, Christian Larroche
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 5 0 0 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 6 0 9 - 3

Biomass, Biochemicals, Biofuel: Climate Change Mitigation: Sequestration of Green House Gases is designed to not only give basic knowledge on the topics presented, but also to e… Read more

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Biomass, Biochemicals, Biofuel: Climate Change Mitigation: Sequestration of Green House Gases is designed to not only give basic knowledge on the topics presented, but also to enlighten on conventional and advanced technologies, socioeconomic aspects, techno-economic feasibility, models and modeling tools, and detailed LCA approaches in the sequestration of GHGs for biofuel and biomaterials, including biopolymer production. These innovative technologies and novel prospective directly find applications in day-to-day practices. The book is a useful guide to politicians, researchers, teachers and waste management practitioners. It offers a treasure of knowledge to guide readers on the importance of GHGs sequestration in important areas.

The issue of climate change is gaining much more attention by researchers, public, politicians and others. Climate change is one of the most complex issues the world is facing today. It has implications across society, including in science, technology, economics, society, politics, and moral and ethical dilemmas.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1: Climate change research and implications of the use of near-term carbon budgets in public policy
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1.1: Introduction
1.2: Standard metrics to quantify and compare the extent of changes in climate
1.3: Climate models
1.4: The impacts of climate change
1.5: How to mitigate? The promises and perils of mitigation options
1.6: Climate mitigation and transformation of the industrial structure: Linking temperature targets to carbon budgets
1.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 2: Role of essential climate variables and black carbon in climate change: Possible mitigation strategies
Abstract
Acknowledgments
2.1: Introduction
2.2: Global climate observing systems and effective climate variables
2.3: Black carbon and its climatic implications
2.4: Evidence of climate change
2.5: Impact sectors of climate change
2.6: Mitigation and adaptation strategies
2.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 3: Economic and sociopolitical evaluation of climate change for policy and legal formulations
Abstract
Acknowledgment
3.1: Introduction
3.2: Monetary valuation in Integrated Assessment Models and Energy System Models
3.3: The institutional climate and energy policy framework of the European Union
3.4: The role of monetary valuation in climate and energy policy: Obscuring or illuminating?
3.5: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 4: Chemical looping mechanisms for sequestration of greenhouse gases for biofuel and biomaterials
Abstract
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Concept and competing greenhouse gases capture technologies
4.3: Chemistry of greenhouse gases mitigation
4.4: Role of inorganic compounds and metals in mitigation of greenhouse gases
4.5: Naturally occurring, low-cost materials, and nanomaterials in mitigation of greenhouse gases
4.6: Process descriptions and characteristics of chemical looping combustion with gaseous fuels
4.7: Model development for greenhouse gases mitigation
4.8: Chemical methods for producing biofuel and biomaterials from greenhouse gases mitigation
4.9: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 5: Environmental DNA insights in search of novel genes/taxa for production of biofuels and biomaterials
Abstract
Acknowledgments
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Evolution of eDNA in response to greenhouse gases and other environmental stressors
5.3: Exploration of eDNA for the assessment of biodiversity and environmental stressor-induced changes in organisms
5.4: eDNA and biodegradation and bioremediation of environmental hazards
5.5: Identification and monitoring of greenhouse gas concentrating genes in the environment
5.6: Identification and genomic mining of novel degradation genes
5.7: Environmental DNA metagenomics in monitoring bioprocessing and biovalorization
5.8: eDNA and environmental impact assessment
5.9: The exposome paradigm using eDNA signatures and health assessment
5.10: Data science and machine learning processes of greenhouse gases sequestration for bioproducts
5.11: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 6: Biological carbon dioxide sequestration by microalgae for biofuel and biomaterials production
Abstract
Acknowledgments
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Carbon capturing, sequestering, and storage approaches
6.3: Carbon sequestration by microalgae
6.4: Production of biofuels by CO2-sequestering microalgae
6.5: Production of value-added biomaterials from microalgae
6.6: Prospects and challenges of biosequestration as greenhouse gases (GHGs) mitigation tool
6.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 7: Sequestration of nitrous oxide for nutrient recovery and product formation
Abstract
Acknowledgments
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Nitrification and denitrification processes
7.3: Microbiome in nitrification and denitrification processes
7.4: Physicochemical methods for mitigation of nitrous oxide
7.5: Plant-based technologies for mitigation of nitrous oxide
7.6: Microbiome-based technologies for the mitigation of nitrous oxide
7.7: Chemical looping mechanisms for mitigation of nitrous oxide for biofuel and biomaterials
7.8: Biological looping for mitigation of nitrous oxide for biofuel and biomaterials
7.9: Role of nanomaterials in nutrient recovery and nitrous oxide mitigation
7.10: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 8: Life-cycle assessment on sequestration of greenhouse gases for the production of biofuels and biomaterials
Abstract
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Life-cycle environmental impacts of GHG storage
8.3: Life-cycle environmental impacts of GHGs utilization
8.4: Life-cycle environmental impacts of GHG mitigation for biofuel production
8.5: Life-cycle environmental impacts of GHGs for biomaterials production
8.6: Techno-economic analysis of biodiesel production from carbon dioxide sequestrating bacteria
8.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 9: Microbial transformation of methane to biofuels and biomaterials
Abstract
9.1: Introduction
9.2: Biological process of methane production
9.3: Global methane sinks and methanotrophic microorganisms
9.4: Mechanisms of methane oxidation by methanotrophs
9.5: Functional genomes and proteomes as molecular markers for methane mitigation
9.6: Emerging technologies for mitigation of methane
9.7: Methane-based value-added products and biomaterials produced by methanotrophs
9.8: Upgradation of methane sequestration technologies for the production of bioproducts and biomaterials
9.9: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 10: Hydrogen production and carbon sequestration for biofuels and biomaterials
Abstract
10.1: Introduction
10.2: Hydrogen in the environment
10.3: Mechanisms of hydrogen production
10.4: Mechanism of carbon dioxide capture and storage during hydrogen production
10.5: Challenges associated with hydrogen production and carbon capture
10.6: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 11: Carbon dioxide fixation and phycoremediation by algae-based technologies for biofuels and biomaterials
Abstract
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Sources of CO2 emissions
11.3: Approaches and methodology for the monitoring of CO2 in municipal wastewater
11.4: Role of algae in CO2 emission and mitigation in municipal wastewater
11.5: Enabling technologies and bioreactors in algal cultivation and phycoremediation
11.6: Production of biofuels from CO2 sequestration and mitigation
11.7: Prospects of biorefinery for CO2 sequestration and biomaterials production
11.8: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 12: Microbial electrosynthesis systems toward carbon dioxide sequestration for the production of biofuels and biochemicals
Abstract
12.1: Introduction
12.2: Sources of carbon dioxide emission
12.3: Bioelectrochemical system (BES): Principles and components
12.4: Microbial electrochemical systems (MES) for CO2 bioconversion
12.5: Challenges for MES for CO2 bioconversion
12.6: Scope for betterment of microbial electrochemical system
12.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 13: Carbon sequestration and harnessing biomaterials from terrestrial plantations for mitigating climate change impacts
Abstract
13.1: Introduction
13.2: Enhancing biomass production for carbon sequestration and multidimensional benefits
13.3: Harnessing biomaterials from produced biomass
13.4: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 14: Solid waste landfill sites for the mitigation of greenhouse gases
Abstract
Acknowledgments
14.1: Introduction
14.2: Physiochemical factors and drivers of greenhouse gas emission in landfill sites
14.3: Approaches and methodology for monitoring GHGs in solid waste and landfill sites
14.4: Specific case of landfill diffuse emissions modeling
14.5: GHG mitigation by using organic-rich amendments in landfill cover
14.6: Mitigation of GHG emission from landfills through valorization of wastes into valuable by-products
14.7: Assessing landfill potential to generate valuable products through metagenomics
14.8: Role of life-cycle (LCA) assessment for evaluation of MSW management technologies
14.9: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 15: Nitrogen and phosphorus management in cropland soils along with greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation for nutrient management
Abstract
Acknowledgment
15.1: Introduction
15.2: Nutrient biogeochemical cycles
15.3: Physicochemical and climatic factors in emission and mitigation of GHGs
15.4: Multiple soil production processes
15.5: Omics in nutrient management from cropland soil
15.6: Cropland management with greenhouse gases (GHGs) mitigation strategies and potential
15.7: Technical challenges for reducing N2O emissions
15.8: Enabling technology for mitigation of N2O emissions in cropland for plant productivity
15.9: Challenges for production of biofuel linked to N2O emissions
15.10: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 16: Roles and impacts of bioethanol and biodiesel on climate change mitigation
Abstract
16.1: Introduction
16.2: Transportation biofuels
16.3: Political and economical frameworks
16.4: Environmental framework: Life-cycle assessment for biofuels
16.5: Deterministic models for greenhouse gases emissions
16.6: Mass balance for carbonic gas emissions
16.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 17: Diatom biorefinery: From carbon mitigation to high-value products
Abstract
17.1: Introduction
17.2: Role of diatoms in carbon dioxide mitigation
17.3: Role of diatoms in nature
17.4: Diatom cellular machinery: Unique attributes
17.5: Phycoremediation potential of diatoms
17.6: Biotechnological applications
17.7: Other compounds
17.8: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 18: Influence of greenhouse gases on plant epigenomes for food security
Abstract
18.1: Introduction
18.2: Plant and climate change
18.3: Greenhouse gases and biosequestration mechanisms
18.4: Epigenetics changes due to climate change
18.5: Causes of climatic change in epigenetics of plants
18.6: Mechanisms involved in plant epigenetics
18.7: Correlation of epigenetics with the effect of climate change on plant health
18.8: Climate change and food security due to epigenetics
18.9: Plant bioproducts and epigenetics
18.10: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 19: Epigenome's environmental sensitivity and its impact on health
Abstract
19.1: Introduction
19.2: Impact of climate change on human health
19.3: Climate change, genetic consequences, and adaptive genetic changes, climatic modification of virulence in pathogen
19.4: Epigenomic modifications allowing phenotypic changes to rapidly adapt to climate change
19.5: Impact of greenhouse gases and extreme temperatures on organism epigenomes
19.6: Climate change, epigenetics, and human health
19.7: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Index

Indu Shekhar Thakur

Professor I.S. Thakur is currently professor in the School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Professor Thakur is working on bioremediation, biovalorization and detoxification of natural and organic compounds, developed bacterial consortium by genetic breeding, characterized genes and proteins, proteomics, genomics analysis for CO2 sequestration for biomass, enzymes, biodiesel, bioflocculant, bioplastic, biomaterials. He has published more than 210 research papers in peer reviewed journals, chapters in books, two text books, four patents and technologies with h index of 34, and ≥3800 citations (Google Scholar). Prof Thakur has been Visiting Scientist and Visiting Professor in Germany, Japan and France, Canada, Australia

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

Ashok Pandey

Professor Ashok Pandey is currently Distinguished Scientist at the Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India and Executive Director (Honorary) at the Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability – India. Formerly, he was Eminent Scientist at the Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Mohali and Chief Scientist & Head of Biotechnology Division and Centre for Biofuels at CSIR’s National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum. His major research and technological development interests are industrial & environmental biotechnology and energy biosciences, focusing on biomass to biofuels & chemicals, waste to wealth & energy, industrial enzymes, etc. Professor Pandey is Adjunct/Visiting Professor/Scientist in universities in France, Brazil, Canada, China, Korea, South Africa, and Switzerland and also in several universities several in India. He has ~1425 publications/communications, which include 16 patents, 90 books, >700 papers and book chapters, etc with h index of 105 and ~48,800 citations (Goggle scholar). He has transferred several technologies to industries and has done industrial consultancy for about a dozen projects for Indian/international industries. Professor Pandey is the recipient of many national and international awards and honours, which include Highest Cited Researcher (Top 1% in the world), Clarivate Analytics, Web of Science (2020, 2019 & 2018); Top scientist in Biotechnology (#1 in India and #8 in the world), Stanford University world ranking (2020); Fellow, World Society of Sustainable Energy Technologies (2020); Fellow, Indian Chemical Society (2020); Distinguished Scientist, VDGOOD Professional Association, India (2020); Distinguished Professor of Eminence with global impact in the area of Biotechnology, Precious Cornerstone University, Nigeria (2020); IconSWM Life-time Achievement Award 2019, International Society for Solid Waste Management, KIIT, Bhubaneshwar, India (2019); Yonsei Outstanding Scholar, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (2019); Life-Time Achievement Award from the Biotech Research Society, India (2018); Life-Time Achievement Award from Venus International Research Awards (2018), Most Outstanding Researcher Award from Career360 (2018), Life-Time Achievement Award from the International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability (2017); Fellow, Royal Society of Biology, UK (2016); Felow, International Society for Energy, Environment and Sustainability (2016); Academician of European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Austria (2015); Fellow, National Academy of Sciences, India (2012); Fellow, Association of Microbiologists of India (2008); Honorary Doctorate degree from Univesite Blaise Pascal, France (2007); Fellow, International Organization of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (2007); Thomson Scientific India Citation Laureate Award, USA (2006); Fellow, the Biotech Research Society, India (2005); UNESCO Professor (2000); Raman Research Fellowship Award, CSIR (1995); GBF, Germany and CNRS, France Fellowships (1992) and Young Scientist Award (1989), etc. Professor Pandey is Founder President of the Biotech Research Society, India (www.brsi.in); Founder & International Coordinator of International Forum on Industrial Bioprocesses, France (www.ifibiop.org), Chairman of the International Society for Energy, Environment & Sustainability (www.isees.in), Editor-in-chief of Bioresource Technology (http://ees.elsevier.com/bite/), Honorary Executive Advisor of Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability (www.jees.in), Journal of Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing (https://www.springer.com/journal/43393), Journal of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (http://neerijese.org/editorial-board/), Subject Editor, Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences, India (https://www.springer.com/life+sciences/journal/40011) and Associate Editor, Biologia – Section Cellular and Molecular Biology (https://www.springer.com/journal/11756/editors) and editorial board member of several international and Indian journals.

Affiliations and expertise

Distinguished Scientist, Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Huu Hao Ngo

Prof. Ngo is currently a Professor of Environmental Engineering and serving as Deputy Director of Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Co-Director of Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney. He has been duly elected as Fellow of International Water Association (FIWA) and Fellow and Lead Researcher of the International Bioprocessing Association (FIBA and LRIBA) while serving as IBA Council Member. Prof. Ngo is internationally well-known for his activities in the areas of advanced biological waste treatment technologies (e.g. membrane bioreactor, specific attached and/or suspended growth bioreactors, anaerobic digesters, wetland and bio-sorption) and membrane technologies. His expertise and practical experience also covers the areas of alternative resources, management and impacts assessment, and solid waste management. Currently, he is very active to work on the development of specific green bioprocessing technologies: resource recovery, water-waste- bioenergy nexus and greenhouse gas emission control. Prof. Ngo has been listed as Highly Cited Researcher 2019 in Cross Field Category, Clarivate Analytics, Web of Science; Elsevier - World Top 3 ranking researcher 2019 in Environmental Engineering; Lead Researcher in the field of Biotechnology in Australia. He ranks #2 in the world for number of scholarly outputs in the SciVal topic ‘membrane fouling; bioreactors; membrane bioreactors (SciVal, Feb 2020). He ranks #1 in Australia for number of scholarly outputs in the SciVal topic ‘biosorption; aqueous solution; bisorption capacity; ‘antibiotics; oxytetracycline; veterinary antibiotics’, (SciVal, Feb 2020). Prof. Ngo has published more than 500 SCI/ISI journal papers (citations >20,000), 7 books and 35 book chapters, a number of patents while receiving several highly recognized honours/awards. He has been invited to give numerous plenary/keynotes and invited talks, seminars and lecturers in the international conferences as well as the universities/research institutions. Prof. Ngo has appointed as Editor of Bioresource Technology, Elsevier, Associate Editor of Science of the Total Environment, Elsevier, Associate Editor of Water Process Engineering and Associate Editor of Heliyon Journal, Elsevier. He is also an editorial board member/guest editor of numerous international journals such as Bioresource Technology Reports, Elsevier; Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management, Elsevier; Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, IJSEES, Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, EHIT, Journal of Bioengineered, Taylor & Francis.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, University of Technology Sydney, Australia

Carlos Ricardo Soccol

Professor Carlos Ricardo Soccol is the research group leader of DEBB (Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology) at the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, with twenty years of experience in biotechnological research and development of bioprocesses with industrial application. He is graduated in Chemical Engineering (UFPR, 1979), Master in Food Technology (UFPR, 1986) and Ph.D. in Genie Enzymatique, Microbiologie et Bioconversion (Université de Technologie de Compiègne,- France, 1992). Postdoctor at Institut ORSTOM/IRD (Montpellier, 1994 and 1997) and at the Université de Provence et de la Méditerranée (Marseille, 2000). He is HDR Professor at Ecole d'Ingénieurs Supériure of Luminy, Marseille-France. He has experience in the areas of Science and Food Technology, with emphasis on Agro-industrial and Agroalimentary Biotechnology, acting in the following areas: bioprocess engineering and solid state fermentation, submerged fermentation, bioseparations, industrial bioprocesses, enzyme technology, tissue culture, bio-industrial projects and bioproduction. He is currently Coordinator of Master BIODEV-UNESCO, Associate Editor of five international journals and Editor in Chief of Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology Journal. Professor Soccol received several national and international awards which include Science & Technology award of the Govt. of Paraná (1996), Scopus/Elsevier award (2009), Dr. Honoris Causa, University Blaise Pascal-France (2010), Outstanding Scientist – 5th International Conference on Industrial Bioprocesses, Taipei, Taiwan (2012), Elected Titular Member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (2014). He is a technical and scientific consultant of several companies, agencies and scientific journals in Brazil and abroad. He has supervised and formed 96 Master Science students, 48 PhD students and 14 Post-Doctorate Students. He has 995 publications/communications which include 17 books, 107 book chapters, 270 original research papers, 557 research communications in international and national conferences and has registered 44 patents. His research articles until the moment were cited (Scopus DataBase) 5600 Times with Index h=36.

Affiliations and expertise

Research Group Leader, Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Parana, Brazil

Christian Larroche

Prof. Christian Larroche is Director of Polytech Clermont-Ferrand, a graduate school of engineering of University Clermont-Auvergne, France. He is also member of the research laboratory Institut Pascal and of the laboratory of excellence ImobS3 at the same university. He has strong research skills and expertise in the area of applied microbiology and biochemical engineering. He is author of 220 documents, including 114 articles, three patents, 15 book chapters and 24 co-editions of books or journal special issues. He is member of French Society for Process Engineering (SFGP), French Society of Biotechnology and European Federation of Chemical Engineering. He is administrator of IBA-IFIBiop and editor of Bioresource Technology.

Affiliations and expertise

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Institute Pascal, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France