Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials

1st Edition - August 19, 2022
Editors: Yuan Hu, Hafezeh Nabipour, Xin Wang
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 7 7 1 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 7 7 2 - 9

Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials provides a comprehensive overview of flame retardants derived directly and indirectly from plant sources, drawing on cutting-e… Read more

Bio-based Flame-Retardant Technology for Polymeric Materials

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Bio-Based Flame Retardants for Polymeric Materials provides a comprehensive overview of flame retardants derived directly and indirectly from plant sources, drawing on cutting-edge research and covering preparation methods, testing and evaluation techniques, enhanced properties, and end applications. Chapters introduce bio-based materials in the context of additives for flame retardancy, explaining fundamentals and testing methods and analyzing synthetic approaches and the potential advantages of pursuing a bio-based approach. This is followed by detailed coverage of bio-based retardants, with each chapter covering a specific source and guiding the reader systematically through preparation techniques, evaluation methods, properties and applications.

Throughout the book, the latest progress in the field is critically reviewed, and there is a continual emphasis on novel approaches to achieve enhanced properties and performant materials. This is an essential guide for all those with an interest in innovative, sustainable flame retardant additives for polymeric materials, including researchers, scientists, advanced students, and more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction to flame retardants for polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Commercial flame retardants
3: Bio-sourced flame retardants
4: Mechanism of bio-based flame retardants
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 2: Synthetic approaches to bio-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Synthesis of bio-based flame-retardant epoxy resins
3: Synthesis of bio-based flame-retardant benzoxazine resins
4: Synthesis of bio-based flame-retardant polyurethanes
5: Summary
References
Chapter 3: Fire testing methods of bio-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Laboratory-scale flammability/combustion/thermal behavior tests
3: Correlations between flammability tests
4: Analytical testing techniques
5: Commercial product testing/standards
6: Summary
References
Chapter 4: Cellulose-based flame retardants for polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Synthesis and properties
3: Application
4: Flame retardancy
5: Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Lignin and its derivatives: Potential feedstock for renewable flame-retardant polymers
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Thermal properties and analysis methods for flame retardancy of lignin
3: Lignin-based flame retardants
4: Vanillin-based flame retardants
5: Eugenol-based flame retardants
6: Guaiacol-based flame retardants
7: Challenges and future perspective
8: Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Cardanol-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Functionalization of cardanol
3: Cardanol-derived intrinsically flame-retardant polymers
4: Cardanol-derived flame-retardant additives for polymers
5: Summary and perspectives
References
Chapter 7: Chitosan-based flame-retardant polymeric materials and their applications
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: The use of chitosan and its derivatives as flame retardants for bulk polymer systems
3: The use of chitosan and its derivatives as flame retardants for textiles
4: The use of chitosan and its derivatives as flame retardants for flexible polyurethane foams
5: Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 8: Development of novel flame-retardant polymers based on eugenol
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Sourcing/extraction/toxicity
3: Eugenol functionalization and flame-retardant properties
4: A brief comparison between various bio-based building blocks
5: Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Flame retardants from starch: Phosphorus derivatives of isosorbide
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Results and discussion
3: Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Flame-retardant polymeric materials from renewable vanillin
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Synthesis of vanillin
3: Flame-retardant vanillin-based epoxy thermosets
4: Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 11: Furan-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Origins and synthesis of different bio-based furan monomers
3: Halogen- and phosphorus-free furan-based flame retardants
4: Phosphorus-containing furan-based flame retardants
5: Inorganic furan-based flame retardants
6: Flame retardancy performance summary of furan-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
7: Conclusion and prospects
References
Chapter 12: Advances in alginate-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Alginates as a flame retardant
3: Methods for the development of alginate-based flame retardants
4: Applications of alginate-based flame-retardant polymers
5: Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: Phenolic-based phosphorus flame retardants for polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Results and discussion
3: Conclusions
References
Chapter 14: P–N-modified starch: A polymeric flame retardant for wood-based materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Structure–property relationships and modes of action of SPCs
3: Thermal and fire properties of SPC-treated materials
4: Conclusions and perspectives
References
Chapter 15: Development of natural fiber-reinforced flame-retardant polymer composites
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Types of natural fibers
3: Development of natural fiber-reinforced flame-retardant polymer composites
4: Conclusions
References
Chapter 16: Vegetable oil-based flame-retardant polymeric materials
Abstract
1: Introduction
2: Vegetable oils
3: Flame-retardant mechanism
4: Vegetable oil-based flame-retardant polyurethane foam
5: Vegetable oil-based flame-retardant phenolic foam
6: Vegetable oil-based flame-retardant epoxy resin
7: Other materials
8: Summary and perspectives
References
Chapter 17: Progress in flame-retardant sustainable fiber/polymer composites
Abstract
Acknowledgments
1: Introduction
2: Types and properties of natural fibers
3: Natural fiber-reinforced flame-retardant polymer composites
4: Conclusions and future perspectives
References
Chapter 18: Perspectives and challenges in using bio-based flame retardants
Abstract
1: Perspectives on bio-based flame retardants
2: Challenges in using bio-based flame retardants
3: Summary
References
Index

Yuan Hu

Professor Yuan Hu is Director of the Institute of Fire Safety Materials at USTC. He obtained his PhD from USTC in 1997. He been active in fire safety materials research for more than 30 years. His main research interests include polymer/inorganic compound nanocomposites, new flame retardants and their flame retardant polymers, synthesis and properties of inorganic nanomaterials, combustion, and the decomposition mechanisms of polymers. Prof. Hu has published more than 600 SCI papers and he has more than 40 patents to his credit. In 2017, he was awarded the 2nd Prize of the National Natural Science Award by the Chinese Government.

Affiliations and expertise

State Key lab of Fire Science (SKLFS), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China

Hafezeh Nabipour

Hafezeh Nabipour is currently working as an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). She received her PhD degree from the Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University (Iran, 2015). She worked at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University and the University of Tehran for three years. From 2018, she moved to the USTC as a visiting scholar and a post-doctoral researcher working with Prof. Yuan Hu. She has authored more than 50 ISI-indexed articles in peer-reviewed international journals. She was also awarded the National Natural Science Foundation of China for the research fund for international young researchers, the Chinese Academy of Science President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) and the President Award of Iran National Science Foundation. Her research interests focus on the design of novel bio-based flame retardants and bio-nanocomposite with high performance.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate professor, State Key lab of Fire Science (SKLFS), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China

Xin Wang

Dr. Xin Wang is currently working as an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC). He completed his PhD in Safety Science and Engineering from USTC in 2013. His research interests focus on synthesis and application of bio-based flame retardants, preparation of layered nanomaterials and their use in flame retardant polymer nanocomposites. He has authored or co-authored more than 150 SCI-indexed papers in peer-reviewed international journals, 5 book chapters and 1 monograph. He was also awarded the 2nd Prize of the National Natural Science Award, by the Chinese Government in 2017.

Affiliations and expertise

State Key lab of Fire Science (SKLFS), University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China