August's Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine, Volume 7
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Stay current with cutting-edge information from the leading feline experts! August’s Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine, Volume 7 takes the popular Current Therapy approach to the latest issues, advances, and therapies in feline care. The 103 new chapters are organized by body systems, making information easy to access, and include more than 800 new detailed photographs, diagrams, and MRI and ultrasound images. Discussions of scientific findings always emphasize clinical relevance and practical application. This edition addresses new topics ranging from feline obesity and food allergies to respiratory mycoplasmal infections. From feline expert Susan Little, with chapters written by more than 130 international specialists, this practical resource will be an invaluable addition to every small animal clinician's library.
Key Features
- The Current Therapy format focuses on the latest advances in feline care and includes broad, traditional, and controversial subjects of real clinical importance.
- Clinically relevant approach is supported with scientific research and promotes practical, progressive clinical management.
- More than 130 world-renowned contributors provide expert insight across the full spectrum of feline internal medicine.
- Extensive references make it easy to find additional information about specific topics most important to your practice.
Table of Contents
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- About The Cover
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Section Editors
- Contributors
- Section 1 Infectious Diseases
- 1 Rational Approach to Diagnosing and Managing Infectious Causes of Diarrhea in Kittens
- Parasitic Causes of Diarrhea
- Bacterial Causes of Diarrhea
- Viral Causes of Diarrhea
- Diagnostic Approach to the Kitten with Suspected Infectious Diarrhea
- Empirical Therapy for Kittens with Diarrhea of Unknown Cause
- Conclusion
- References
- 2 Respiratory and Ocular Mycoplasmal Infections: Significance, Diagnosis, and Management
- Etiology
- Epidemiology
- Pathogenesis
- Clinical Disease and Differential Diagnoses
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prevention
- Zoonotic Potential
- Summary
- References
- 3 Update on Mycobacterial Infections: Diagnosis, Management, and Zoonotic Considerations
- Etiology and Epidemiology
- Clinical Features
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prevention of Infection
- Prognosis
- Public Health Risks
- References
- 4 Practical Antimicrobial Therapy
- Cephalosporins
- Fluoroquinolones
- Tetracyclines
- Principles to Optimize the Clinical Use of Antimicrobials
- References
- 5 Emerging Aspects of Streptococcal Infections in Cats
- Streptococcus Canis
- Streptococcus Equi Subspecies Zooepidemicus
- Summary
- References
- 6 Dealing with Toxoplasmosis: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prevention
- Conclusion
- References
- 7 Update on Antiviral Therapies
- Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
- Feline Leukemia Virus
- Feline Herpesvirus Type 1
- Feline Coronavirus and Feline Infectious Peritonitis
- Interferon
- Summary
- References
- 8 The Gut Microbiome
- Assessment of the Gut Microbiota
- Therapeutic Manipulation of the Microbiome
- Beyond Bacteria
- References
- Section 2 Gastrointestinal Diseases
- 9 Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Current Therapeutic Strategy
- Cobalamin
- Probiotics
- Stem Cells
- References
- 10 The Role of the Microbiota in Feline Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- What Bacteria Colonize the Healthy Feline Gastrointestinal Tract?
- Bacteria and Inflammatory Bowel Disease/Chronic Enteropathies
- Implications for Therapy
- Summary
- References
- 11 Disorders of Esophageal, Gastric, and Intestinal Motility in Cats
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small Intestine
- Colon
- Generalized Motility Disorders
- Gastrointestinal Prokinetic Drugs for Use in Cats
- References
- 12 Feline Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Disease
- Triaditis: Past and Present Perspective
- Proposed Mechanisms for Multi-Organ Inflammation
- Reclassification of Feline Inflammatory Liver Disease
- Feline Pancreatitis
- Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- References
- 13 Update on Oral Inflammation in the Cat
- Healthy Oral Tissues
- Gingivitis and Periodontitis
- Stomatitis
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Eosinophilic Granuloma
- Foreign Body
- Immune-Mediated and Autoimmune Diseases
- Metabolic Disease
- Burns
- Summary
- References
- 14 Diagnostic Imaging of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Tissue Sampling
- Hepatic Parenchymal Disease
- Gallbladder
- Bile Ducts
- Hepatic Function
- Portosystemic Vascular Disease
- The Pancreas
- Interventional Procedures
- Gastrointestinal Radiography
- Gastrointestinal Ultrasound
- Ultrasound-Guided Sample Collection
- References
- 15 The Challenges of Pancreatitis in Cats: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Conundrum
- Classification
- Incidence
- Etiology
- Comorbidities
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnostic Methods
- Treatment
- Summary
- References
- 16 Feline Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstruction: Medical versus Surgical Management
- Epidemiology
- History and Clinical Signs
- Diagnostic Workup
- Treatment
- Prognosis
- Summary
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Section 3 Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases
- 17 Clinical Remission and Survival in Diabetic Cats: What Has Changed Over the Last Decade
- Survival and Prognostic Factors
- Clinical Remission and Its Predictors
- Summary
- References
- 18 Management of Idiopathic Hypercalcemia
- Diagnosis of Idiopathic Hypercalcemia
- Treatment
- References
- 19 The Diabetic Cat: Insulin Resistance and Brittle Diabetes
- Structured Stepwise Approach to Treating Difficult Diabetics
- References
- 20 Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Cats with Diabetes
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring Methodology
- Placement and Calibration
- Limitations
- Clinical Applications
- References
- 21 Treatment of Severe, Unresponsive, or Recurrent Hyperthyroidism
- Factors That May be Involved in the Pathogenesis of Feline Hyperthyroidism
- Thyroid Pathology in Cats with Hyperthyroidism
- Correlation between the Degree of Hyperthyroidism and Severity of Clinical Signs
- Causes for Treatment Failure
- Therapy for Severe, Unresponsive, or Recurrent Hyperthyroidism
- Summary
- References
- 22 Diagnostic Testing for Hyperthyroidism in Cats
- Thyroid Hormone Concentrations
- Thyroidal Radioisotope Uptake
- Other Diagnostic Tests
- Summary
- References
- 23 Diagnosis and Management of Iatrogenic Hypothyroidism
- Clinical Features of Feline Hypothyroidism
- Hypothyroidism and the Kidney
- Diagnosing Cats with Hypothyroidism
- Treating Cats with Natural or Iatrogenic Hypothyroidism
- References
- 24 Treatment of Hyperthyroidism and Concurrent Renal Disease
- Identifying Hyperthyroid Cats with Concurrent Chronic Kidney Disease
- Initiation of Symptomatic Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease Concurrent with Antithyroid Therapy
- References
- 25 Are Methimazole Trials Really Necessary?
- Effect of Thyroid Hormones on Renal Function
- Changes in Glomerular Filtration Rate, Creatinine, and Urea with Treatment of Hyperthyroidism in Cats
- Arguments For Performing Methimazole Trials
- Arguments Against Performing Methimazole Trials
- Special Circumstances in Which Methimazole Treatment Is Strongly Advised Before Definitive Treatment
- Summary
- References
- Section 4 Dermatology
- 26 Cutaneous Manifestations of Internal Disease
- Cutaneous Paraneoplastic Syndromes
- Cutaneous Manifestations of Hormonal Changes
- Cutaneous Xanthomas
- Superficial Necrolytic Dermatitis
- Immune-Mediated Skin Disease Associated with Internal Disease
- Panniculitis Associated with Pancreatitis
- References
- 27 Diagnostically Challenging Dermatoses of Cats
- Plasma Cell Pododermatitis
- Urticaria Pigmentosa-Like Dermatitis
- Idiopathic Ulcerative Dermatosis
- Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externa
- Idiopathic Facial Dermatitis
- Degenerative Mucinotic Mural Folliculitis
- Cutaneous Lymphocytosis (Indolent Cutaneous Lymphoma)
- Feline Progressive Histiocytosis
- References
- 28 Feline Food Allergy
- Pathogenesis
- Food Allergens
- Clinical Features
- Differential Diagnoses
- Diagnosis
- Prognosis and Long-Term Management
- References
- 29 Cyclosporine in Feline Dermatology
- Mechanism of Action
- Pharmacokinetics
- Drug Interactions
- Applications in Feline Dermatology
- Side Effects/Adverse Events
- Monitoring
- Summary
- References
- 30 Glucocorticoids in Feline Dermatology
- Mechanism of Action
- Dosing
- Side Effects
- Summary
- References
- 31 Dermatophytosis: Decontamination Recommendations
- Environmental Contamination
- Environmental Sampling
- Decontamination of Nonporous Surfaces
- Decontamination of Textiles
- Decontamination of Carpets
- Decontamination of Bowls
- Decontamination of Hair Clippers
- Summary
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 32 Recognition of and Approach to Feline Cutaneous Reaction Patterns
- Clinical Presentation of Cutaneous Reaction Patterns
- Diagnosis
- Summary
- References
- 33 Malassezia spp. in Feline Dermatology
- Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
- Clinical Presentation
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Zoonotic Considerations
- Summary
- References
- Section 5 Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine
- 34 Cardiac Blood Tests
- Natriuretic Peptides
- Detection of Underlying Heart Disease
- Assessment of Disease Severity
- Detecting Heart Failure in the Cat with Respiratory Signs
- Prognostic Value and Guide to Treatment
- Cardiac Troponins
- Limitations of Cardiac Blood Testing
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 35 Treatment and Prevention of Feline Arterial Thromboembolism
- Introduction
- Clinical Signs
- Management
- Survival
- Prevention of Arterial Thromboembolism
- Summary
- References
- 36 Feline Lungworm Infection
- Etiology
- Life Cycle and Pathogenesis
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnostic Evaluation
- Treatment and Prognosis
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 37 Feline Laryngeal Disease
- Etiology of Laryngeal Disease
- Signalment
- Clinical Findings
- Diagnostics
- Treatment of Laryngeal Disease
- Prognosis
- References
- 38 Feline Hypertension
- Definition of Hypertension
- Etiology of Hypertension
- Target Organ Injury
- Diagnosis of Feline Hypertension
- Treatment Strategies for Feline Hypertension
- Prognosis for Feline Hypertension
- Summary
- References
- 39 Nutritional Management of Heart Disease
- Important Issues for All Cats with Heart Disease
- Nutritional Goals Based on the Stage of Disease
- References
- 40 Genetics of Feline Heart Disease
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Cardiomyopathy
- References
- 41 Update on the Management of Feline Cardiomyopathy
- Heart Disease/Failure Classification
- Classification-Based Diagnostic, Treatment, and Follow-Up Strategies
- References
- 42 Radiographic and Computed Tomography Imaging of the Feline Thorax
- Imaging Modalities
- The Heart
- Lungs
- Pleural Space
- Mediastinal Masses
- References
- 43 Feline Heartworm Disease
- Epidemiology and Life Cycle
- Pathophysiology and Clinical Features
- Diagnostic Tests
- Prevention
- Clinical Management
- Summary
- References
- 44 Approach to Feline Cardiorespiratory Disease in Shelter Medicine
- Animal Sheltering
- Cardiopulmonary Recommendations for Felines in Shelter Facilities
- Sheltering to Mitigate Feline Infectious upper Respiratory Tract Disease
- Managing Infectious upper Respiratory Infection
- Cardiac Disorders
- Cardiopulmonary Parasites
- Summary
- References
- 45 Feline Lower Airway Disease
- Clinical Signs
- Differential Diagnoses
- Physiology
- Chronic Bronchitis Versus “Asthma”
- Causes
- Diagnostic Imaging
- Other Diagnostic Tests
- Treatment
- What Does Not Work
- Future Directions in Therapy
- Summary
- References
- 46 Ultrasound Imaging for Diagnosis and Staging of Feline Cardiomyopathy
- Prognostic Factors
- Echocardiographic Technique in Cats
- Role of Echocardiography Versus Other Diagnostic Tests
- Summary
- References
- Section 6 Upper and Lower Urinary Tract Diseases
- 47 Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update
- Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease
- Establishing a Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease
- Initial Evaluation of Animals with Chronic Kidney Disease
- Establishing the Chronic Kidney Disease Stage of the Patient's Disease
- Prognosis
- Substaging Chronic Kidney Disease on Basis of Blood Pressure
- Substaging Chronic Kidney Disease on Basis of Proteinuria
- Renal Evaluation and Specific Therapy
- Evaluation of Progression and Renoprotective Therapy
- Patient Evaluation and Symptomatic Therapy
- Follow-UP Patient Evaluations
- Summary
- References
- 48 Phosphate and the Kidney
- Phosphorus Homeostasis
- Hyperphosphatemia and Renal Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
- References
- 49 Chronic Kidney Disease: Stem Cell Therapy
- Regenerative Medicine
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sources
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Characterization
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immunologic Properties
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease: Rodent Models
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease: Feline Clinical Trials
- Summary
- References
- 50 Acute Kidney Injury
- Etiology and Pathophysiology
- Epidemiology
- History, Clinical Signs, and Physical Examination
- Diagnosis
- Therapy
- Prognosis
- References
- 51 Update on Feline Urolithiasis
- Etiopathogenesis
- Location of Uroliths and Clinical Signs
- Diagnosis of Uroliths
- Description of Uroliths
- Management of Uroliths
- References
- 52 Urinary Tract Infection
- Etiology and Epidemiology
- Pathogenesis
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnosis
- Differential Diagnoses
- Treatment
- Prevention
- Nonbacterial Urinary Tract Infection
- References
- 53 Feline Idiopathic Cystitis
- Risk Factors for Feline Interstitial Cystitis
- Histopathology
- Research on Infectious eitology for Feline Interstitial Cystitis
- Bladder and Systematic Abnormalities in Feline Interstitial Cystitis
- Epigenetic Studies
- Comorbidities
- Clinical Implications of Research
- Approach to the Patient
- Initial Management
- Chronic Management
- Managing the Cat with Chronic Feline Interstitial Cystitis
- Summary
- References
- Section 7 Oncology
- 54 Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Cats
- Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Other Sites
- Summary
- References
- 55 Plasma Cell Disorders
- Epidemiology
- Etiology
- Clinical Features
- Diagnostic Investigations
- Clinical Pathology of Gammopathies
- Pathology of Plasma Cells and Plasma Cell Disorders
- Pathology of Protein Deposition Diseases—Amyloidosis and Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease
- Feline Plasma Cell Disorder—Existing Diagnoses in the Published Literature
- A Suggested Reclassification of Plasma Cell Disorder
- Treatment and Outcome
- References
- 56 Feline Soft Tissue Sarcomas
- Pathogenesis and Epidemiology
- Pathology and Biologic Behavior
- Diagnostic Evaluation
- Treatment
- Prognosis and Prognostic Factors
- Prevention and Risk Reduction
- Summary
- References
- 57 A Review and Update on Gastrointestinal Lymphoma in Cats
- History, Risk Factors, Etiology, and Epidemiology
- Histopathology and Biologic Behavior
- Clinical Signs, Diagnostic Tests, and Staging
- Subtypes and Treatment Recommendations
- Response Assessment
- Prognostic Factors
- Rescue Protocols
- The Future
- References
- 58 Electrochemotherapy in Feline Oncology
- Fundamentals of Electrochemotherapy
- Electrochemotherapy for Feline Soft Tissue Sarcoma
- Adjuvant Electrochemotherapy for the Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas
- Feline Lymphoma
- Feline Head and Neck Carcinoma
- Electrochemotherapy in Uncommon Feline Tumors
- Currently Adopted Electrochemotherapy Protocols in Feline Oncology
- Summary
- References
- 59 Feline Mammary Carcinoma
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors
- Relevant Anatomy
- Tumor Biology
- Clinical Data
- Prognostic Factors
- Treatment
- References
- 60 Vascular Access Ports in Cats
- Clinical Uses
- Vascular Access Port Placement
- Vascular Access Port Use
- Potential Complications
- Summary
- References
- Section 8 Nutrition
- 61 Feeding the Senior and Geriatric Cat
- Life Stage Nutrition
- Aging and Age-Related Disease
- Nutritional Assessment of Senior and Geriatric Feline Patients
- Senior Diets
- Making Individualized Recommendations for Older Cats
- References
- 62 The Unique Metabolic Adaptations and Nutrient Requirements of the Cat
- Anatomy and Physiology
- Feeding Behavior
- Specific Nutrients
- Summary
- References
- 63 Cats and Carbohydrates: How Much Should We Feed?
- Feline Carbohydrate Metabolism
- Carbohydrate Excess
- Summary
- References
- 64 Current Concepts in Preventing and Managing Obesity
- Prevalence and Risk Factors
- Health Risks of Obesity
- Adipose Tissue Pathology
- Prevention of Obesity
- Diagnosis of Obesity
- Treatment
- Summary
- References
- 65 Current Feeding Practices of Cat Owners
- Cats as Obligate Carnivores
- Natural, Organic, Grain-Free, and Byproduct-Free Pet Foods
- Vegan and Vegetarian Diets
- Home-Prepared Diets
- Raw Meat-Based Diets
- References
- 66 Critical Care Nutrition
- Importance of Nutrition during Critical Illness
- Indications for Nutritional Support
- Nutritional Assessment
- Goals of Nutritional Support
- Nutritional Plan
- Calculating Nutritional Requirements
- Enteral Nutrition
- Parenteral Nutrition
- Monitoring and Reassessment
- Pharmacological Agents in Nutritional Support
- Future Direction in Critical Care Nutrition
- Summary
- References
- Section 9 Population Medicine
- 67 Evidence-Based Feline Medicine: Principles and Practicalities
- What is Evidence-Based Medicine?
- Origins and History of Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine
- WHY Do We Need Evidence-Based Feline Medicine?
- What is Evidence?
- Getting Started
- The Steps of Evidence-Based Feline Medicine
- The Future of Evidence-Based Feline Medicine
- References
- 68 Lost Cats: Epidemiology and Best Practices for Identification and Recovery
- Visual Identification
- Less Obvious Forms of Identification
- Enhancing Identification and Recovery
- Summary
- Acknowledgment
- References
- 69 Clinical Management of Large-Scale Cruelty Cases
- Introduction
- Veterinary Medical Teams
- Crime Scene Evaluation
- Scene Response
- Examination, Diagnostics, and Treatment
- Common Medical Findings
- Summary
- References
- 70 Strategies for Infectious Disease Management in Shelter Cats
- Immunization Protocols
- Immunity-Related Risk Factors
- Antibody Titer Assessment
- Evidence-Based Outbreak Response
- Summary
- References
- 71 Foster Care Programs in Animal Shelters
- Types of Programs
- Selection of Animals for Foster Care
- Management and Oversight
- Animal Care in Foster Programs
- Outcomes for Foster Animals
- Summary
- References
- 72 Kitten Nurseries: A Practical Guide
- Planning the Nursery
- Setting Up the Nursery
- Biosecurity
- Kitten Care (Birth Through 8 Weeks)
- Medical Care and Protocol Development
- Training the Staff and Volunteers
- Effective Adoption Programs
- Summary
- References
- 73 Environmental Strategies to Promote Health and Wellness
- Environmental Effects on Health and Welfare
- Physiological and Behavioral Changes Associated with Stress in the Veterinary Clinic
- Environmental Enrichment
- The Multimodal Environmental Modification Process
- Low Stress Handling
- Conspecific Social Interactions
- Implementing Change in the Home Environment
- Summary
- References
- 74 Population Structure and Genetic Testing in Cats
- Genetic Structure of the Cat Population
- Genetic Testing in Domestic Cats
- Summary
- References
- 75 Anesthetic-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Cats
- Feline Perioperative Mortality
- Special Topics in Feline Anesthesia
- Summary
- References
- Section 10 Emergency and Critical Care Medicine
- 76 Emergency Approach to Respiratory Distress: Heart Versus Lung
- Triage and Initial Therapies
- Clinical Signs and Physical Examination Findings
- Diagnostic Testing
- Laryngeal Disease
- Pneumonia
- Pleural Space Disease
- Trauma
- Cardiac Disease
- Lower Airway Disease
- Summary
- References
- 77 Current Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Feline Hypercoagulability
- Thrombus Formation
- Etiologies and Predisposing Conditions Leading to Hypercoagulability
- Assessment of Coagulation Status
- Diagnosis of Hypercoagulability
- Antithrombotic Therapies
- Anticoagulants
- Oral Factor Xa Inhibitors
- Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
- Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Antagonists
- Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Antagonists
- Summary
- References
- 78 Selection and Use of Blood Products in the Feline Patient
- Collection of Feline Blood
- Feline Blood Types
- Available Feline Blood Products
- Transfusion Reactions
- Administration Tips
- References
- 79 Feline Toxins: Recognition, Diagnosis, Treatment
- Selected Toxicities
- References
- 80 Traumatic Brain Injury
- Definiton and Etiology
- Pathophysiology
- Initial Evaluation
- Diagnosis
- Treatment Recommendations
- Surgical Intervention
- Prognosis
- References
- 81 Pyothorax
- Definition and Etiology
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prognosis and Prophylaxis
- References
- 82 Feline Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Current Evidence-Based Guidelines
- Etiology and Outcome of Cardiopulmonary Arrest
- The Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation Initiative
- Early Recognition and Prevention
- Basic Life Support
- Advanced Life Support
- Postcardiac Arrest Care
- Summary
- References
- 83 Acute Hemolytic Disorders in Cats
- Hereditary Causes
- Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia
- Infectious Causes
- Chemical and Toxin-Induced Hemolytic Anemia
- Miscellaneous Causes
- Summary
- References
- 84 Fibrosing Pleuritis
- Pathophysiology and Relevant Anatomy
- Clinical Signs
- Diagnostic Tests
- Therapy and Prognosis
- References
- 85 Feline Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Laboratory Findings
- Treatment and Monitoring
- Prognosis
- References
- 86 Feline Circulatory Shock
- Pathophysiology
- Resuscitation
- Monitoring
- Persistent Circulatory Shock
- Continued Care
- References
- 87 Recognition and Treatment of Hypertensive Crises
- Incidence of Feline Hypertension
- Definitions
- Diseases and Conditions Related to Systemic Hypertension
- Pathophysiology
- Emergency Presentation
- Diagnosis
- Emergency Management
- Prognosis
- Prevention
- Summary
- References
- 88 Endourology in the Feline Patient: Urinary Diversion Techniques
- Interventions in Human Urology
- Equipment for Feline Patients
- Summary
- References
- Section 11 Behavioral Medicine
- 89 Update on Feline Housesoiling and Urine Marking
- Gathering Information
- Differentiating Problem Elimination
- Housesoiling
- Urine Marking
- Summary
- References
- 90 Feline Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders
- Definition of Anxiety and Fear
- The Anatomy and Physiology of Anxiety and Fear
- Effects of Chronic Stress
- Body Postures
- Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Anxiety and Fear
- Ruling Out Medical Problems
- Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders
- Specific Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders
- Compulsive Disorders
- Summary
- References
- 91 Feline Aggression Toward People
- Epidemiology
- History and Clinical Signs
- Diagnostic Categories
- Basic Treatment Recommendations for All Types of Aggression
- Prognosis
- Prophylaxis
- Summary
- References
- 92 Intercat Aggression
- Aggressive and Affiliative Behaviors
- Clinical Evaluation of Aggression
- Treatment
- Prognosis
- Summary
- References
- 93 Creating Harmony in Multiple Cat Households
- Understanding Interactions in Multiple Cat Households
- Inappropriate Behaviors in a Multiple Cat Households
- Managing the Environment to Create Harmony in a Multiple Cat Household
- Summary
- References
- 94 Feline Social Behavior and Personality
- Social Behavior
- Personality
- The Interaction of Social Behavior and Personality
- Why a Feline Personality Model is Needed
- Summary
- References
- Section 12 Pediatric and Geriatric Medicine
- 95 Sarcopenia and Weight Loss in the Geriatric Cat
- Weight Loss in Aging Cats
- Cachexia of Disease
- Summary
- References
- 96 Osteoarthritis in the Aging Cat
- Risk Factors
- Etiopathogenesis
- Clinical Features
- Radiography
- Management
- Summary
- References
- 97 Proactive Maintenance of the Aging Feline Immune System
- The Feline Immune System
- Immunosenescence
- Immune Cell Generation and Maintenance
- Immune Cell Function
- Management of Immunosenescence in the Cat
- Summary
- References
- 98 Cognitive Dysfunction in the Cat
- Prevalence of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome
- Pathophysiology of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome
- Management of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome
- Summary
- References
- 99 Anesthesia for the Aging Cat
- Risks of Being a Cat
- Risks of Being a Geriatric Cat
- Anesthesia
- Summary
- References
- 100 Cardiorenal Syndrome
- Prevalence
- Pathophysiology
- Diagnosis
- Therapy
- Prognosis
- References
- 101 Medicating the Very Young and the Very Old Cat
- Drug Disposition in the Pediatric Cat
- Physiologic Changes in the Geriatric Patient
- References
- 102 Neonatal Resuscitation and Supportive Care in Cats
- Physical Examination of Critical Neonates
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Neonates
- Fluid Therapy in Neonates
- Neonatal Isoerythrolysis
- Clinical Pathology in Critical Neonates
- Pain Management for Neonates
- Summary
- References
- 103 Disorders and Normal Variations of the Oral Cavity of Kittens and Senior Cats
- Clefts
- Malocclusion
- Abnormalities of Teeth
- Symphyseal Bone Loss and Open-Mouth Jaw Locking
- Summary
- References
- Index
Product details
- No. of pages: 1088
- Language: English
- Copyright: © Saunders 2015
- Published: November 25, 2015
- Imprint: Saunders
- eBook ISBN: 9780323243391
- Hardcover ISBN: 9780323226523
About the Author
Susan Little
Susan Little, DVM, DABVP (Feline)
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