Acidosis

Brief Survey of the History of Acidosis and Its TreatmentI. Introduction 1. Definition of the Term Acidosis 2. The Clinical Symptoms of Acidosis 3. Causes of Acidosis 4. The Neutrality Regulation of the Organism 5. Review of the Clinical Forms of Acidosis 6. Complications of Acidosis: Dehydration, Salt Deficiency and UremiaII. The Treatment of Acidosis A. Treatment with Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solution 1. Indications 2. Forms of Administration 3. The Preparation of Isotonic Sodium Bicarbonate Solutions 4. Dosage of Sodium Bicarbonate 5. Therapeutic Technique 6. Special Precautions in the Treatment of Renal Acidosis 7. The Treatment of Acidosis with Bicarbonate Powders and Tablets 8. Effect of the Administration of Bicarbonate 9. Secondary Effects of the Treatment. Overdosing B. The Use of other Alkaline Solutions for the Treatment of Acidosis C. The Treatment of Acidosis with Glucose Solution D. Remarks on the Treatment of Acidosis with Physiological Sodium Chloride Solution E. AlkalosisIII. Acidosis under Physiological Conditions Lactic Acid Acidosis during Physical WorkIV. Acidosis under Pathological Conditions A. Acidosis due to Uncomplicated Loss of Alkali 1. Fistula of the small Intestine 2. Biliary Fistula 3. Bile Drainage 4. Pancreatic Fistula B. Acidosis due to Loss of Alkali Complicated with Infection and Intoxication 1. Cholera 2. Other Severe Diarrheas in Adults (Dysentery, Meat Poisoning, Fungal Poisoning) 3. Acute Gastro-Enteritis in Children C. Acidosis due to Persistent Anacid Vomiting 1. Hyperemesis gravidarum 2. Anorexia nervosa D. Acidosis caused by an Abnormal Production of Acid 1. Diabetes mellitus 2. Ketonemic Vomiting in Children 3. Inanition Acidosis 4. Acidosis in Anoxemic Conditions (Cardiac Decompensation, Peripheral circulatory Insufficiency, Severe Anemias) 5. Acidosis in Anesthesia E. Acidosis as a Consequence of Inhibition of the Tissue Oxidation (Inhibition of the Intermediary Metabolism) Lactic Acid Acidosis in Guanidine Intoxication F. Acidosis due to Acid Retention (and Loss of Total Base) 1. Acute Nephritis 2. Nephritis in Mercuric Chloride Poisoning 3. Nephritis in the Eclampsia of Pregnancy 4. Chronic Nephritis 5. Renal Amyloidosis 6. Prostatic Hypertrophy 7. Other Surgical Urinary Diseases G. Acidosis due to Abnormal Intake of Acid 1. Sulphuric and Hydrochloric Acid Poisoning 2. Medicamental Acidosis H. Acidosis in Various Other Intoxications 1. Salicylic Acid Poisoning 2. Methyl Salicylate Poisoning 3. Aspirine Poisoning 4. Methyl Alcohol Poisoning 5. Methyl Chloride Poisoning J. Other Forms of Acidosis not yet fully elucidated 1. Liver Insufficiency 2. Acute Febrile Affections of the Bile Ducts and the Liver 3. Acidosis in Thyreotoxicosis 4. Acidosis in Acute Suppurative Otitis Media in Infants 5. Acidosis in Other Serious Infections and Septic Conditions K. Premortal Acidosis L. Chronic Acidosis 1. Renal Rickets 2. Renal Osteomalacia 3. Osteomalacia following Prolonged Ingestion of Acidotic Drugs 4. Osteoporosis in Persistent Hepatic Fistulas V. Technique for the Determination of the Bicarbonate Content of the Plasma or the Serum 1. Instructions for Use of Van Slyke's Apparatus 2. Macro-method for the Determination of the Bicarbonate Content of Serum or Plasma according to the Method of Van Slyke and Neill 3. Micro-method for the Determination of the Bicarbonate Content of Serum or Plasma according to the Method of Van Slyke and NeillIndex of Case RecordsReferencesIndex