Pipeline Integrity Handbook
Evaluation and Inspection
By- E.W. McAllister, E.W. McAllister has more than 46 years' of experience in the pipeline industry as an engineer, administrator, and project manager. He has worked for Chevron Pipe Line Company and Gulf Pipe Line Company, and now runs his own engineering services consulting firm in Houston, TX, USA.
- Ramesh Singh
Driven mostly by operating cost and public concern over environmental health and safety, pipeline companies are taking major steps to ensure safe, incident-free pipeline operations. Integrity evaluations relate the severity of anomalies identified during an in-line inspection or external survey, or after a damage event, to the pipeline's operating conditions, geometry and material properties. Base on over 40 years of experience in the field, Pipeline Integrity Rules of Thumb provides pipeline engineers with the tools to evaluate and inspect pipelines, safeguarding the lifecycle of their pipeline asset and ensure that you are optimizing delivery and capability. Ellenberger goes beyond corrosion control providing techniques for addressing both present and future integrity issues such as:
- identifying the severity of cracks and evaluating potential crack growth mechanism
- locating dents and/or gouges with recommendations for monitoring, repair or replacement.
- diagnosing the severity of the threat from pressure-cycle induced fatigue and recommending the best mitigation strategy
- determining and selecting the appropriate materials and coating to withstand the outside elements
Presented in easy-to-use, step-by-step order, Pipeline Integrity Rules of Thumb Handbook is a quick reference for day-to-day use in identifying key pipeline degradation mechanisms and threats to pipeline integrity. The book begins with an overview of the calculations and principles for topics such as design considerations for gas, liquid and two phase systems, route selection, water crossings and geotechnical issues and criteria for materials and coating selection. This is quickly followed by five self contained parts including pipeline risk management tools, an Introduction to the assessment of defects in pipelines, an overview of the mechanical properties of pipeline materials and how they relate to pipeline integrity, and finally quick and easy tools for understanding and calculating fracture mechanics principles.
Audience
Pipeline Engineers, Pipeline Operators, Pipeline Construction Contractors, Pipeline Designers, Pipeline Drafters
Paperback, 512 Pages
Published: September 2013
Imprint: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 978-0-12-387825-0
Contents
- Part One: Pipeline Design & Operation
Overview of the following fundamentals- Hydraulic design considerations for gas, liquid and two phase systems
- Route selection, water crossings and geotechnical issues
- Criteria for materials and coating selection
- Design loads on buried pipe
- Batching in products lines
- Pigging operations for cleaning and inspecting lines
- Surveillance systems, maintenance strategies, risk based inspection and intervention and repair methods
Part Two: Pipeline Risk Management
Introduction to pipeline risk management - Hazard and threat identification
- Determination of acceptable levels of risk
- Risk control
- Available tools for risk analysis (RA)
- Case studies on practical applications of RA in industry
Part Three: Pipeline Integrity Evaluations and Engineering Assessments
Introduction to the assessment of defects in pipelines - Introduction to pipeline defects, and why pipelines fail
- Fundamental pipeline defect failure relationships
- How to assess corrosion defects
- How to assess gouges and dents
- How to assess weld defects
- Pipeline integrity
Part Four: Pipeline Materials
An overview of the mechanical properties of pipeline materials and how they relate to pipeline integrity
- Properties such as fracture toughness, impact resistance, fatigue resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance and welding heat affected zones are investigated and related to performance.
- Application of hydrostatic tests, plastic deformation and dents and how material properties affect these conditions.
- Thinning due to corrosion, effects of over cathodic protection and the presence of stress corrosion cracking and how they are affected by material properties and coatings arediscussed.
- Comparisons between stress-based versus strain-based design and behavior will be shown, and how they are affected by the material properties
Part Five: Fracture Mechanics
An overview of fracture mechanics principles: - Basic materials properties and their application to design
- Linear elastic fracture mechanics
- Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics
- Fracture-toughness testing
- Fracture behavior of steels
- Fatigue crack growth
- Environmentally assisted crack growth
- Predicting failure stress in pipelines
- Calculation of remaining life for pipelines
- Use in pipeline failure analysis
