Food for Thought: Using Food Delivery Services to Provide Rapid Cardiac Arrest Response and Potentially Save Lives

Inspired by an urgent need to improve timely defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in dense urban settings, a team of investigators developed a simulation that explored the potential of leveraging an existing food delivery network in Taipei City, Taiwan, to help address this challenge. Their findings in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, published by Elsevier, suggest that deploying food delivery riders to deliver defibrillation may reduce automated external defibrillator (AED) response times by approximately three minutes—about 50% faster than a traditional emergency medical system (EMS)—and might be particularly beneficial during peak hours.

Lead investigator Kuan-Chen Chin, MPH, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, and Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, explains, “Each minute of delay in defibrillation reduces the survival rate by 7–10%. Our approach leverages an existing, widespread urban workforce to address a well-known weak link in the chain of survival. We found that it offers a cost-effective and scalable strategy for improving OHCA outcomes in high-density cities, where EMS cannot always provide immediate defibrillation.”

Densely populated Taipei has a high concentration of food delivery (FD) scooter riders. To examine the feasibility of utilizing these FD riders as first responders for AED delivery in OHCA incidents investigators conducted a city-scale simulation using real-world OHCA data from the Registry of the Taipei City Fire Department between 2017 and 2019, public defibrillator locations, and food delivery patterns and hotspots using the Uber Eats platform.

The simulation assumed that every open restaurant in a hotspot had one FD rider waiting and ready to respond to OHCAs within a two-kilometer radius. FD riders’ response rates were varied, and simulated defibrillator arrival times were compared to documented fire department delivery times of six to seven minutes. Differences in defibrillator arrival times during peak and off-peak hours were also assessed.

With a 10% FD rider response rate, the defibrillator arrival time decreased by 2.99 minutes, representing approximately 44% of the original EMS response time. In the simulation, over 60% of OHCAs were successfully attended. Achieving 80% coverage during peak hours required 13.4% of FD riders to respond.

According to co-corresponding investigator Albert Y. Chen, PhD, Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, “Integrating FD riders into the EMS system could reduce defibrillator arrival times, decreasing patient waiting time for defibrillation. This approach is particularly effective during peak hours, when a higher proportion of OHCAs can be addressed.”

“We were encouraged to see that even low response rates might yield meaningful time savings, and that the model appeared effective during off-peak hours despite reduced availability,” adds co-corresponding investigator Jen-Tang Sun, MD, MS, Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Notes for editors

The article is “Enhancing the Community Chain of Survival: A Simulation Study of Defibrillator Delivery by Food Delivery Riders in a High-Density City,” by Kuan-Chen Chin, MPH, Yen-Ju Lee, MS, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, MD, PhD, Hao-Yang Lin, MD, Ying-Chih Ko, MD, Ming-Ju Hsieh, MD, Albert Y. Chen, PhD, Jen-Tang Sun, MD, MS, and Wen-Chu Chiang, MD (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2025.07.017). The article appears online in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, published by Elsevier.

The article is openly available at https://onlinecjc.ca/article/S0828-282X(25)00630-0/fulltext.

Full text of the article is also available to credentialed journalists upon request. Contact Astrid Engelen at +31 6 14395474 or [email protected] to request a PDF of the article or more information. Journalists wishing to interview the authors should contact Kuan-Chen Chin, MD, MPH, at +886-921-612-995 or [email protected].

The study was funded by the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 111-2314-B-002-087-MY3, NSTC 113-2314-B-192-001).

About the Canadian Journal of Cardiology

The Canadian Journal of Cardiology (CJC) is an international, peer-reviewed journal that disseminates new knowledge in cardiology and cardiovascular science. It is the preferred Canadian cardiovascular medicine peer-reviewed publication and is an official journal of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society(CCS). The CJC publishes original reports of clinical and basic research relevant to cardiovascular medicine, as well as practice guidelines, editorials, review articles, and case reports. www.onlinecjc.ca

About the Editor-in-Chief

Editor-in-Chief Stanley Nattel, MD, is Paul-David Chair in Cardiovascular Electrophysiology and Professor of Medicine at the University of Montreal and Director of the Electrophysiology Research Program at the Montreal Heart Institute Research Center.

About the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS)

The CCS is the national voice for cardiovascular clinicians and scientists, representing more than 2,300 cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and other heart health specialists across Canada. We advance heart health for all by setting standards for excellence in heart health and care, building the knowledge and expertise of the heart team, and influencing policy and advocating for the heart health of all Canadians. For further information on the CCS visit www.ccs.ca/en.

關於 Elsevier

身為科學資訊與分析的全球領導者，Elsevier 協助研究人員與醫療照護專業人員推動科學發展，改善醫療成果，造福社會。我們以可信賴、以實證為基礎的內容和先進的 AI 數位技術為基礎，透過創新的解決方案促進洞察力和關鍵決策。

140 多年來，我們一直為研究和醫療保健界的工作提供支援。我們全球 9,500 名員工，包括 2,300 名技術人員，致力於支援研究人員、圖書館館長、學術領袖、資金提供者、政府、研發密集型公司、醫生、護士、未來醫療保健專業人員和教育工作者的重要工作。我們的 2,900 種科學期刊和經典參考工具書包括其領域中最重要的書籍，包括 Cell Press、The Lancet 和 Gray's Anatomy。 我們與愛思唯爾基金會 (Elsevier Foundation) 合作，與我們服務的社群攜手合作，在發展中國家和世界各地的科學、研究和醫療保健領域推動包容性和多樣性。 Elsevier 是 RELX 的一部分，RELX 是一家為專業和商業客戶提供以資訊為基礎的分析和決策工具的全球供應商。有關我們的工作、數位解決方案和內容的更多資訊，請造訪 www.elsevier.com 。