Submission of Manuscripts

It is a condition of publication that all manuscripts must be written in clear and grammatical English and be submitted to the Explorations in Economic History Web site at http://ees.elsevier.com/yexeh. Authors are requested to transmit the text and art of the manuscript in electronic form to this address. No exceptions will be allowed; manuscripts submitted via any other method will be returned. Complete instructions, including instructions for proper artwork format, are available at the submission Web site.

There are no submission fees or page charges. Each manuscript should be accompanied by a letter outlining the basic findings of the paper and their significance.

Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the copyright holder. Written authorization may be required at the Editor's discretion. Articles and any other material published in Explorations in Economic History represent the opinions of the author(s) and should not be construed to reflect the opinions of the Editor(s) and the Publisher. Manuscripts that do not meet the general criteria or standards for publication in Explorations in Economic History will be immediately returned to the authors, without detailed review.

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to sign a 'Journal Publishing Agreement'(for more information on this and copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/copyright. Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail (or letter) will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement'form or a link to the online version of this agreement.
Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.
If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.

If material from other copyrighted works is included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact Elsevier Global Rights Department, P.O. Box 800, Oxford OX5 1DX, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.com.

Preparation of Manuscript

Language Services. Authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/languagepolishing or contact authorsupport@elsevier.com for more information. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. For more information please refer to our Terms & Conditions http://www.elsevier.com/termsandconditions

Manuscripts should not contain the authors name or affiliations and should be double-spaced throughout and organized as follows:

The title page (p. 1) should be uploaded as a separate document and contain the article title, authors' names and complete affiliations, footnotes to the title, and the address for manuscript correspondence (including e-mail address and telephone and fax numbers).

The abstract (p. 2) must be a single paragraph that summarizes the main findings of the paper in fewer than 100 words. After the abstract a list of up to 10 keywords that will be useful for indexing or searching should be included.

References should be cited in the text by the author's surname and publication date in parentheses, e.g., Smith (2000). If more than one paper was published in a given year, the correct style is Smith (2000a) and Smith (2000b). References should be listed alphabetically at the end of the article, typed double-spaced on a separate page. Personal communications should be cited as such in the text and should not be included in the reference list. Please note the following examples:

Gottlieb, M., 1983. A Theory of Economic Systems. Academic Press, New York. Chaps. 2, 3.

Magee, G.B., 1999. Technological development and foreign patenting: evidence from 19th-century Australia. Explorations in Economic History 36, 344-359.

Rainwater, L., Rein, M., 1983. The growing complexity of economic claims in welfare societies. In: Spiro, S.E., Yuchtman-Yaar, E. (Eds.), Evaluating the Welfare State: Social and Political Perspectives. Academic Press, New York, pp. 111?129.

References in articles in Special Issues. Please ensure that the words 'this issue'are added to any references in the list (and any citations in the text) to other articles in the same Special Issue.

Figures. Number figures consecutively with Arabic numerals. Please visit our Web site at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions for detailed instructions on preparing electronic artwork.

Color figures. Illustrations in color in the printed issue can be accepted only if the authors defray the cost. However, if together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures, then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Please note: Because of technical complications that can arise in converting color figures to "gray scale" (for the printed version should you not opt for color in print), please submit in addition usable black-and-white files corresponding to all the color illustrations.

Tables should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in order of appearance in the text. Type each table double-spaced on a separate page, with a short descriptive title typed directly above and with essential footnotes below.

Preparation of Supplementary Material

Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer additional possibilities for publishing supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips, and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect (http://www.sciencedirect.com). To ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please provide the data in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. Please note, however, that supplementary material will not appear in the printed journal. Files can be stored on diskette, ZIP disk, or CD (either MS-DOS or Macintosh). For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Author Proofs and reprints
Page proofs will be sent electronically to the corresponding author. Proofs should be corrected carefully; the responsibility for detecting errors lies with the author. Corrections should be restricted to instances in which the proof is at variance with the manuscript. Extensive alterations will be charged.

The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.

Author Inquiries

Visit http://www.elsevier.com/authors for the facility to track accepted articles and set up e-mail alerts to inform you when an article's status has changed. The Elsevier site also provides detailed artwork guidelines, copyright information, frequently asked questions and more. Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided after registration of an article for publication.

Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors who publish in Elsevier journals to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards. To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies.