Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety focuses on integrated mechanistic research related to short- and long-term pathways and interactions of substances and chemical mixtures in environmental systems and subsystems; on their bioavailability, circulation, and assimilation in target organisms as well as biological responses of these organisms, and damage mechanisms (endocrine disruption, genotoxicity); and on their subsequent fate in the food chain, including humans. Novel technologies, techniques, and methods such as biomedical photonic technologies, biomarkers, biosensors and bioanalytical systems, QSARs and QSPRs, advanced high-performance computational methods, models, and storage systems, and their applications in obtaining and processing interdisciplinary ecotoxicological information are also addressed in the journal. We welcome the applied outcome of complex ecotoxicological research such as developing the science-based Environmental Quality Criteria (EQC), standard toxicity tests, techniques, and methods for ecotoxicological evaluation of the environment, as well as developing ecotoxicologically proven methods and technologies for prevention, interception, and remediation of human-induced damage to ecosystems. The above scope of the journal is aimed at providing science-based tools for sustainably managing the environment through risk assessment, risk characterization, risk prediction, and risk management.

A review section entitled Frontier Articles will include manuscripts reviewing and analyzing the state-of-the-art within the aims and scope of the journal. Frontier Articles can be submitted by invitation only and should be addressed to the attention of Dr. John P. Giesy.

General Information
In dose-response studies, nominal exposure concentrations of substances not proved by measurements are in general not accepted in EESA, and such manuscripts are being rejected outright.
There are no submission fees or page charges. Each manuscript should be accompanied by a letter outlining the basic findings of the paper and their significance. Authors should also provide the names of five reviewers. Suggested reviewers should not be Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety editors or editorial board members. They should also not be the submitting authors' co-authors for other works or colleagues from the same research team or institution. At least three of five should be from countries other than the country where the research has originated.

Manuscripts are accepted for review with the understanding that no substantial portion of the study has been published or is under consideration for publication elsewhere and that its submission for publication has been approved by all of the authors and by the institution where the work was carried out. Further, any person cited as a source of personal communications must approve of such citation. Written authorization may be required at the editor's discretion. Articles and any other material published in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety represent the opinions of the authors and should not be construed to reflect the opinions of the editors or the publisher. Manuscripts that do not meet the general criteria or standards for publication in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety will be immediately returned to the authors, without detailed review.

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright (for more information on copyright, see http://www.elsevier.com/authors). This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided.

US National Institutes of Health (NIH) voluntary posting (" Public Access") policy
Elsevier facilitates author response to the NIH voluntary posting request (referred to as the NIH "Public Access Policy"; see http://www.nih.gov/about/publicaccess/index.htm) by posting the peer-reviewed author's manuscript directly to PubMed Central on request from the author, 12 months after formal publication. Upon notification from Elsevier of acceptance, we will ask you to confirm via e-mail (by e-mailing us at NIHauthorrequest@elsevier.com) that your work has received NIH funding and that you intend to respond to the NIH policy request, along with your NIH award number to facilitate processing. Upon such confirmation, Elsevier will submit to PubMed Central on your behalf a version of your manuscript that will include peer-review comments, for posting 12 months after formal publication. This will ensure that you will have responded fully to the NIH request policy. There will be no need for you to post your manuscript directly with PubMed Central, and any such posting is prohibited.

If material from other copyrighted works is included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact Elsevier's Rights Department, Oxford, UK: phone (+44) 1865 843830, fax (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail permissions@elsevier.com. Requests may also be completed online via the Elsevier home page ( http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions).

Language Editing: International Science Editing and Asia Science Editing can provide English language and copyediting services to authors who want to publish in scientific, technical and medical journals and need assistance before they submit their article or before it is accepted for publication. Authors can contact these services directly: International Science Editing ( http://www.internationalscienceediting.com) and Asia Science Editing ( http://www.asiascienceediting.com) or, for more information about language editing services, authors may contact authorsupport@elsevier.com who will be happy to deal with any questions. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. For more information please refer to our terms and conditions ( http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorsview.authors/languagepolishing).

Submission of Manuscripts
Manuscripts must be written in clear and grammatical English and should be submitted in electronic form by using online manuscript submission available at http://ees.elsevier.com/EES. This site will guide authors stepwise through the submission process. Authors can upload their articles as Microsoft (MS) Word or WordPerfect files. It is also possible to submit an article in PostScript or Adobe Acrobat PDF format, but if the article is accepted, the original source files will be needed. If you submit a word processing file, the system generates an Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used for the reviewing process. Authors, reviewers, and editors send and receive all correspondence by e-mail and no paper correspondence is necessary.

If you have difficulty with your submission or any other questions, please contact the Editorial Office:

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Editorial Office
525 B Street, Suite 1900
San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA
Telephone: (619) 699-6297
Fax: (619) 699-6855
E-mail: ees2@elsevier.com

ArticleTypes
The journal publishes regular research articles, highlighted research articles and Frontier Articles. Regular research articles must not exceed 8,000 words and Frontier Articles must not be longer than 10,000 words.

Preparation of Manuscript
Use generic names of chemicals whenever possible. Proprietary names and trademarks should appear only to identify the source of the chemical and subsequently only the generic name should be used. All abbreviations should be unpunctuated. All abbreviations, chemical names, and journal names should follow the style of latest edition of Chemical Abstract Service Source Index. A useful writing guide is the CBE Style Manual published by the Council of Biology Editors.

Please place your article in the correct order when uploading the files for submission to the journal: Cover Letter to the Editor, Five Reviewer Suggestions, Manuscript, Figures, Tables.

All submitted manuscripts must include a list of five suggested reviewers. Please include the names and contact information (including email addresses) for 5 reviewer suggestions. Please note that this is a mandatory element of your submission and the Editorial Office cannot locate reviewers on your behalf. If you are unable to suggest potential experts in the field, please refer to your references for possible reviewers.

Manuscripts must contain page numbers (on each page) and line numbers (along left margin), must be double-spaced throughout, and organized as follows: The title page (p. 1) should contain the article title (limited to 15 words or 80 characters), authors' names and complete affiliations, footnotes to the title, and the address for manuscript correspondence (including e-mail address and telephone and fax numbers).

The abstract (p. 2) must be a single paragraph that summarizes the main findings of the paper in less than 150 words. After the abstract a list of up to 10 keywords that will be useful for indexing or searching should be included.

The introduction should be as concise as possible, without subheadings.

Materials and methods should be sufficiently detailed to enable the experiments to be reproduced. It is mandatory to give formal assurance that any study involving humans or experimental animals were conducted in accordance with national and institutional guidelines for the protection of human subjects and animal welfare. No manuscript will be considered unless this information is supplied.

Results and Discussion sections must be separate sections and not combined into one. A concise conclusion should appear at the end of the text.

Acknowledgments should be brief and should precede the references.
It is required to provide information on the funding sources received to support the work described in the manuscript.

References. Citations in the text consist of the author's name and the year of publication in parentheses. References should be listed alphabetically by name. Only articles that have been published or are in press should be included in the references. Unpublished results or personal communications should be cited as such in the text. Please note the following examples:

Burridge, L.E., Haya, K., Waddy, S.L., 2005. Seasonal lethality of the organophosphate pesticide azamethiphos to female American lobster (Homarus americanus). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 60, 277-281.

Letourneau, D.K., 1997. Plant-arthropod interactions in agroecosystems. In: Jackson, L. E. (Ed.), Ecology in Agriculture. Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 239-290.

Strunk Jr., W., White, E.B., 1979. The Elements of Style, 3rd ed. Macmillan, New York.

References in foreign languages should appear in the language of the original paper.

Figures
Number figures consecutively with Arabic numerals. Please visit artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions for detailed instructions on preparing electronic artwork.

Color figures in the printed issue can be accepted only if the authors defray the full cost. However, if together with your accepted article, you submit usable color figures, then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in color on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether these illustrations are reproduced in color in the printed version. For color reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article.

Please note: Because of technical complications that can arise in converting color figures to "gray scale" (for the printed version should you not opt for color in print), please submit in addition usable black-and-white files corresponding to all the color illustrations.

Tables
Tables should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in order of appearance in the text. Type each table double-spaced on a separate page with a short descriptive title typed directly above and with essential footnotes below.

Preparation of supplementary data
Elsevier accepts supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Proofs
PDF proofs will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author. To avoid delay in publication, only necessary changes should be made, and corrections should be returned promptly. Authors will be charged for alterations that exceed 10% of the total cost of composition.

Offprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use.

Online Publication
Your article will appear on Elsevier's online journal database ScienceDirect as an "Article in Press" within approximately 4-6 weeks of acceptance. Articles in Press for this journal can be viewed at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01476513. An Article in Press may be cited prior to its publication by means of its unique digital object identifier (DOI) number, which does not change throughout the publication process.

Author Inquiries
For inquiries relating to the submission of manuscripts (including electronic submission where available) please visit http://www.elsevier.com/authors. The Elsevier Web page also provides the facility to track accepted articles and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article's status has changed, as well as detailed artwork guidelines, copyright information, frequently asked questions, and more. Please note that contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article (especially those relating to proofs) are provided after registration of an article for publication.