Food Hydrocolloids only publishes original and novel research that is of high scientific quality. Research areas include basic and applied aspects of the characteristics, properties, functionality and use of macromolecules in food systems. Hydrocolloids in this context include polysaccharides, modified polysaccharides and proteins acting alone, or in mixture with other food components, as thickening agents, gelling agents, film formers or surface-active agents. Included within the scope of the journal are studies of real and model food colloids - dispersions, emulsions and foams - and the associated physicochemical stability phenomena - creaming, sedimentation, flocculation and coalescence.

In particular, Food Hydrocolloids covers: the full scope of hydrocolloid behaviour, including isolation procedures, chemical and physicochemical characterization, through to end use and analysis in finished food products; structural characterization of established food hydrocolloids and new ones ultimately seeking food approval; gelling mechanisms, syneresis and polymer synergism in the gelation process; rheological investigations where these can be correlated with hydrocolloids functionality, colloid stability or organoleptic properties; theoretical, computational or simulation approaches to the study of colloidal stability, provided that they have a clear relationship to food systems; surface properties of absorbed films, and their relationship to foaming and emulsifying behaviour; phase behaviour of low-molecular-weight surfactants or soluble polymers, and their relationship to food colloid stability; droplet and bubble growth, bubble nucleation, thin-film drainage and rupture processes; fat and water crystallization and the influence of hydrocolloids on these phenomena, with respect to stability and texture; direct applications of hydrocolloids in finished food products in all branches of the food industry, including their interactions with other food components;and toxicological, physiological and metabolic studies of hydrocolloids.

Submission for all types of manuscripts to Food Hydrocolloids proceeds totally online. Via the Elsevier Editorial System (EES) website for this journal, http://ees.elsevier.com/foodhyd, you will be guided step-by-step through the creation and uploading of the various files. The system automatically converts source files to a single Adobe Acrobat PDF version of the article, which is used in the peer-review process. Please note that even though manuscript source files are converted to PDF at submission for the review process, these source files are needed for further processing after acceptance. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, takes place by e-mail generated by EES and via the Author's homepage, removing the need for a hard-copy paper trail. Authors must submit revisions via EES. Authors may send queries concerning the submission process, manuscript status, or journal procedures to authorsupport@elsevier.com.

Questions regarding the content of a proposed submission can be directed to one of the Editors:
Professor P.A. Williams, Director, Materials Science Research Centre, Glyndwr University, Plas Coch, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, UK. E-mail: williamspa@glyndwr.ac.uk

Professor E. Allen Foegeding, North Carolina State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Food Science, Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624, USA. E-mail: allen_foegeding@ncsu.edu

Professor K. Nishinari, PHRC/NEWI(Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre/North East Wales Institute), UK ; OCU(Osaka City University, Graduate School of Human Life Science), Japan; SJTU(Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Chemistry), China E-mail: nishinari@hydrocolloids.org

Professor G.O. Phillips, Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Ltd, 2 Plymouth Drive, Radyr, Cardiff CF15 8BL, Wales, UK. E-mail: phillipsglyn@aol.com

Professor E. Dickinson, Procter Department of Food Science, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. E-mail: e.dickinson@leeds.ac.uk

Professor Stefan Kasapis, RMIT University, Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Australia. E-mail: stefan.kasapis@rmit.edu.au

Authors are requested to submit, with their manuscripts, the names and full contact details (including e-mail address) of 4 potential referees.

It is the author's responsibility to ensure that papers are written in clear and comprehensible English. Authors whose native language is not English are advised to have their manuscripts checked by an English-speaking colleague prior to submission. Language Polishing: For authors who require information about language editing and copyediting services pre- and post-submission (for which there will be a charge) please visit http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorshome.authors/languagepolishing or contact authorsupport@elsevier.com for more information. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products, goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. All papers will be independently refereed.

Submission of a paper implies that it has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher.

Submission Checklist

It is hoped that this list will be useful during the final checking of an article prior to submitting it to the journal for review. Please consult this Guide for Authors for further details of any item.
Ensure that the following items are present:
•One Author designated as corresponding Author
•E-mail address
•Full postal address
•Telephone and fax numbers
•All necessary files have been uploaded, including a graphical abstract
•Keywords
•All figure captions
•All tables (including title, description, footnotes)
• Graphical abstract
•Manuscript has been "spellchecked"
•References are in the correct format for this journal
•All references mentioned in the Reference list are cited in the text, and vice versa
•Permission has been obtained for use of copyrighted material from other sources (including the Web)
•Colour figures are clearly marked as being intended for colour reproduction on the Web (free of charge) and in print or to be reproduced in colour on the Web (free of charge) and in black-and-white in print.
•If only colour on the Web is required, black and white versions of the figures are also supplied for printing purposes

For any further information please contact the Author Support Department at authorsupport@elsevier.com


1. Original research papers (Regular papers)
2. Review papers
3. Short communications
4. Book reviews

Original research papers should report the results of original research. The material should not have been previously published elsewhere, except in a preliminary form.

Review papers will be accepted in areas of topical interest and will normally focus on literature published over the previous five years.

A Short Communication is a concise but complete description of a limited investigation, which will not be included in a later paper. Short Communications should be as completely documented, both by reference to literature, and description of the experimental procedures employed, as a regular paper. They should not occupy more than 4 printed pages (about 8 manuscript pages, including figures, tables and references).

Manuscripts should be typewritten, double spaced with wide margins throughout, i.e. also for abstracts, footnotes and references. Lines must be numbered consecutively throughout the manuscript. Every page of the manuscript, including the title page, references, tables, etc. should be numbered. However, in the text no reference should be made to page numbers; if necessary, one may refer to sections. Underline words that should be in italics, and do not underline any other words. Avoid excessive usage of italics to emphasize part of the text .

Manuscripts in general should be organized in the following order:
•Title (should be clear, descriptive and not too long)
•Name(s) of author(s)
•Complete postal address(es) of affiliations
•Full telephone, fax and e-mail no. of the corresponding author
•Present address(es) of author(s) if applicable
•Abstract
•Keywords (indexing terms), normally 3-6 items
•Introduction
•Material studied, area descriptions, methods, techniques
•Results
•Discussion
•Conclusion
•Acknowledgements and any additional information concerning research grants, etc.
•References
•Tables
•Figure captions and figures

In typing the manuscript, titles and subtitles should not be run within the text. They should be typed on a separate line, without indentation. Use lower-case letter type.

Abstracts
The abstract should be clear, descriptive and not longer than 250 words. An abstract is often presented separate from the article, so it must be able to stand alone.

Graphic for Contents List Required
In additional to the textual abstract, authors are required to provide a graphic for a Graphical Contents List, on a separate page and in a separate file. This comprises the title, authors and affiliations, identical to the article itself, and a pictogram: one figure representative of the work described. This can be a schematic diagram, a key figure or table from the paper, or a chemical structure. A photograph/micrograph is also acceptable. If none of these is possible, provide no more than 50 words of text. Authors should ensure that their graphic, when reduced, will fit into the allocated space (170 mm wide by 50 mm high) and be readable. For guidance, examples of graphical abstracts can be found on the Carbohydrate Research contents pages at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00086215.

Tables
1. Authors should take notice of the limitations set by the size and lay-out of the journal. Large tables should be avoided. Reversing columns and rows will often reduce the dimensions of a table.

2. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should be made to divide them over two or more tables.

3. Tables should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all tables.

4. Each table should be typewritten on a separate page of the manuscript. Tables should never be included in the text.

5. Each table should have a brief and self-explanatory title.

6. Column headings should be brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Standard abbreviations of units of measurement should be added between parentheses.

7. Vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. Leave some extra space between the columns instead.

8. Any explanation essential to the understanding of the table should be given as a footnote at the bottom of the table.

Formulae
1. Formulae should be typewritten. Leave ample space around the formulae.

2. Subscripts and superscripts should be clear.

3. Greek letters and other non-Latin or handwritten symbols should be explained where they are first used. Take special care to show clearly the difference between zero (0) and the letter O, and between one (1) and the letter l.

4. Give the meaning of all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first used.

5. For simple fractions use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line.

6. Equations should be numbered serially at the right-hand side in parentheses. In general only equations explicitly referred to in the text need be numbered.

7. The use of fractional powers instead of root signs is recommended. Also powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp.

8. Levels of statistical significance which can be mentioned without further explanation are *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001.

9. In chemical formulae, valence of ions should be given as, e.g. Ca²⁺ and CO^2- ₃, not as Ca⁺⁺ or CO^-- ₃.

10. Isotope numbers should precede the symbols, e.g. ¹⁸O.

11. The repeated writing of chemical formulae in the text is to be avoided where reasonably possible; instead, the name of the compound should be given in full. Exceptions may be made in the case of a very long name occurring very frequently or in the case of a compound being described as the end product of a gravimetric determination (e.g. phosphate as P₂O₅).

Footnotes
Footnotes should only be used if absolutely essential. In most cases it should be possible to incorporate the information in normal text.

If used, they should be numbered in the text, indicated by superscript numbers, and kept as short as possible.

Conventions
In general, the journal follows the conventions of the CBE Style Manual (Council of Biology Editors, Bethesda, MD, 1983, 5th edn). Follow Chemical Abstracts and its indexes for chemical names. For guidance in the use of biochemical terminology follow the recommendations issued by the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, as given in Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, published by the Biochemical Society, UK. (see the website www.iupac.org/publications/compendium/index/html) .For enzymes use the recommended name assigned by the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, 1978, as given in Enzyme Nomenclature, published by Academic Press, New York, 1980. Where possible, use the recommended SI (Systeme International) units.

Abbreviations
Try to restrict the use of abbreviations to SI symbols and those recommended by the IUPAC-IUB. Abbreviations should be defined in brackets after their first mention in the text. Standard units of measurements and chemical symbols of elements may be used without definition in the body of the paper.

References
1. All publications cited in the text should be presented in a list of references following the text of the manuscript. The manuscript should be carefully checked to ensure that the spelling of authors names and dates are exactly the same in the text as in the reference list.

2. In the text refer to the author's name (without initial) and year of publication, followed - if necessary - by a short reference to appropriate pages. Examples: "Steventon, Donald and Gladden (1994) studied the effects..." or "...similar to values reported by others (Anderson, Douglas, Morrison & Weiping, 1990)...".

3. If reference is made in the text to a publication written by 2-6 authors, all authors are to be listed at the first citation. At subsequent citations use first author et al.

4.When there are more than 6 authors, first author et al. should be used throughout the text. References should always be given in full in the reference list.

5. References cited together in the text should be arranged chronologically. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on authors' names, and chronologically per author. If an author's name in the list is also mentioned with co-authors the following order should be used: publications of the single author, arranged according to publication dates - publications of the same author with one co-author - publications of the author with more than one co-author. Publications by the same author(s) in the same year should be listed as 1974a, 1974b, etc.

6. Use the following system for arranging your references:

a) For periodicals
Dinand, E., Chanzy, H., & Vignon, M. R. (1999). Suspensions of cellulose microfibrils from sugar beet pulp. Food Hydrocolloids, 13(3), 275-283.

b) For books
Walstra, P., & Jenness, R. (1984). Dairy chemistry and physics. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

c) For multi-author books
Clark, R.C. (1987). Viscoelastic response of xanthan/guar gum blends. In G.O. Phillips, P.A. Williams, & D.J. Wedlock, Gums and stabilisers for the food industry (Vol. 4) (pp. 165-172). Oxford: IRL Press.

7. Titles of periodicals mentioned in the list of references should be spelled out in full.

8. In the case of publications in any language other than English, the original title is to be retained. However, the titles of publications in non-Latin alphabets should be transliterated, and a notation such as "(in Russian)" or "(in Greek, with English abstract)" should be added.

9. Work accepted for publication but not yet published should be referred to as "in press".

10. References concerning unpublished data and "personal communications" should not be cited in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text.

Citing and listing of Web references. As a minimum, the full URL should be given. Any further information, if known (Author names, dates, reference to a source publication, etc.), should also be given. Web references can be listed separately (e.g., after the reference list) under a different heading if desired, or can be included in the reference list.

Illustrations General points
•Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork.
•Save text in illustrations as "graphics" or enclose the font.
•Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Helvetica, Times, Symbol.
•Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text.
•Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files.
•Provide all illustrations as separate files.
•Provide captions to illustrations separately.
•Produce images near to the desired size of the printed version.

For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions You are urged to visit this site.

Colour illustrations
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for colour in print or on the Web only. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to "grey scale" (for the printed version should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition usable black and white versions of all the colour illustrations.

Preparation of supplementary data
Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material (e-components) to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the Author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Copyright

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to sign a "Journal Publishing Agreement'' (for more information on this and copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/copyright). Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail (or letter) will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this agreement. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact Elsevier's Rights Department, Oxford, UK: phone (+44) 1865 843830, fax (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail permissions@elsevier.com. Requests may also be completed online via the Elsevier homepage ( http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions). An author, when quoting from someone else's work or when considering reproducing an illustration or table from a book or journal article, should make sure that copyright is not being infringed. Authors are responsible for obtaining from the copyright holder permission to reproduce and figures for which copyright exists.

Although in general an author may quote from other published works, permission from the holder of the copyright should be obtained if substantial extracts are taken or tables, plates, or other illustrations are reproduced. If the copyright-holder is not the author of the quoted or reproduced material, it is recommended that the permission of the author should also be sought.

Material in unpublished letters and manuscripts is also protected and must not be published unless permission has been obtained.

A suitable acknowledgement of any borrowed material must always be made.

Proofs

When your manuscript is received at the Publisher it is considered to be in its final form. Proofs are not to be regarded as 'drafts'. One set of page proofs in PDF format will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author, to be checked for typesetting/editing. No changes in, or additions to, the accepted (and subsequently edited) manuscript will be allowed at this stage. Proofreading is solely your responsibility. A form with queries from the copy editor may accompany your proofs. Please answer all queries and make any corrections or additions required. The Publisher reserves the right to proceed with publication if corrections are not communicated. Return corrections within two working days of receipt of the proofs. Should there be no corrections, please confirm this. Elsevier will do everything possible to get your article corrected and published as quickly and accurately as possible. In order to do this we need your help. When you receive the (PDF) proof of your article for correction, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication. Subsequent corrections will not be possible, so please ensure your first sending is complete. Note that this does not mean you have any less time to make your corrections, just that only one set of corrections will be accepted. Proofs are to be e-mailed to proofcorrections@elsevier.com.

Offprints


The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF file of the article via e-mail. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use. Additional offprints and copies of the issue can be ordered at a specially reduced rate using the order form sent to the corresponding author after the manuscript has been accepted. Orders for reprints will incur a 50% surcharge.

Author Enquiries


For enquiries relating to the submission of articles (including electronic submission where available) please visit this journal's homepage at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/foodhyd. You can track accepted articles at http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an article's status has changed, as well as copyright information, frequently asked questions and more.

Contact details for questions arising after acceptance of an article, especially those relating to proofs, are provided after registration of an article for publication.

Food Hydrocolloids carries no page charges