In collaboration with the Netherlands Institute for Sea Research ( NIOZ, http://www.nioz.nl )
Guide for Authors
General Instructions
1. Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except
in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication
elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was
carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without
the written consent of the Publisher.,
2. Manuscripts must be written in English. Authors who are unsure of correct English usage should
have their manuscript checked by someone proficient in the language. Manuscripts in which the English is difficult to understand may
be returned to the author for revision before scientific review. Language Polishing. Authors who require information about language editing
and copyediting services pre- and post-submission please visit http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/authorshome.authors/languagepolishing
or contact authorsupport@elsevier.com for more information. Please note Elsevier neither endorses nor takes responsibility for any products,
goods or services offered by outside vendors through our services or in any advertising. For more information please refer to our Terms & Conditions http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/termsconditions.cws_home/termsconditions.
3. Authors should use IUGS
terminology. The use of S.I. units is also strongly recommended.
4. Manuscripts should be structured in a way that conforms to the
layout of the journal.
5. The various headings in the manuscript should be clearly differentiated and first and second order headings
should be numbered.
6. The entire manuscript should be paginated. However, in the text no reference should be made to page numbers;
if necessary, you may refer to section numbers.
In the case of Special Issues, manuscripts should be submitted following the instructions
of the Guest Editor(s). Authors should ensure that they submit manuscripts, and meet any additional requirements, in line with deadlines
set by the Guest Editor(s) to ensure that the entire Special Issue can be published in a timely fashion.
Submission of manuscripts
Manuscripts should be submitted online by using the Elsevier Editorial System at http://ees.elsevier.com/seares
Authors will be guided step-by-step through uploading files directly from their computers. Electronic PDF proof will be automatically
generated from uploaded files, and used for subsequent reviewing. Authors submitting hard copy papers will be asked to resubmit using
Elsevier Editorial System.
Keywords
Please provide up to six subject keywords, plus regional index terms. Abstract
The abstract should be a concise summary of the paper stating the methods used, the main results and the conclusions in a way that
does not require reference to the body of the paper; it should not be longer than 500 words. References
1. All references
cited in the text are to be listed at the end of the paper.
2. In the text refer to the author's name (without initials) and year
of publication.
3. If reference is made in the text to publications written by more than two authors the name of the first author
should be used, followed by "et al.". In the list of references names of authors and all co-authors must be given in full.
4. References
in the text should be arranged chronologically. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically by authors' names, and chronologically
per author.
The following system should be used for arranging references:
1. Journal papers: Names and initials of all authors,
year. Title of paper. Journal name (given in full or abbreviated using the International List of Periodical Title Word Abbreviations),
volume number (issue number): first and last page numbers of the paper. Example:
Elbaz-Poulichet, F., Guan, D.M., Martin, J.M., 1991.
Trace metal behaviour in a highly stratified Mediterranean estuary: the Krka (Yugoslavia). Mar. Chem. 32, 211-224.
2. Monographs:
Names and initials of all authors, year. Title of the monograph. Publisher, location of publisher. Example:
Zhdanov, M.S., Keller,
G.V., 1994. The Geoelectrical Methods in Geophysical Exploration. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
3. Edited volume papers: Names and initials
of all authors, year. Title of paper. Names and initials of the volume editors, title of the edited volume. Publisher, location of publisher,
first and last page numbers of the paper. Example:
Thomas, E., 1992. Middle Eocene-late Oligocene bathyal benthic foraminifera (Weddell
Sea): faunal changes and implications for ocean circulation. In: Prothero, D.R., Berggren, W.A. (Eds.), Eocene-Oligocene Climatic and
Biotic Evolution. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, pp. 245-271.
4. Conference proceedings papers: Names and initials of all
authors, year. Title of paper. Name of the conference. Publisher, location of publisher, first and last page numbers of the paper. Example:
Smith, M.W., 1988. The significance of climatic change for the permafrost environment. Final Proc. Int. Conf. Permafrost. Tapir,
Trondheim, Norway, pp. 18-23.
5. Unpublished theses, reports, etc.: Names and initials of all authors, year. Title of item. All
other relevant information needed to identify the item (e.g., technical report, Ph.D. thesis, institute, current status i.e. in press/unpublished
etc.). Example:
Moustakas, NI., 1990. Relationships of morphological and physicochemical properties of Vertisols under Greek climate
conditions. Ph.D. Thesis, Agricultural Univ. Athens, Greece, unpublished.
6. In the case of publications in any language other than
English, the original title is to be retained. Titles of publications in non-Latin alphabets should be transliterated, and a note such
as '(in Russian)' or '(in Japanese, with English Abstr.)' should be added at the end of the reference.
The following provide examples
of appropriate citation formats for non-text and electronic-only information. However, it is requested that a web site address, or listserver
message is given as a reference only where the information is unavailable in a more permanent form. If such sources are given, then please
give as complete information as possible.
Jones, P., 1996. Research activities at Smith Technology Institute. WWW Page, http://www.sti.com/about_us/research.
Smith, F., Peabody, A.N., 1997. Hydrographic data for the Sargasso Sea, July-September 1993, SarSea mission. (Deep-Sea Data Centre,
Hull, UK), online, dataset, 740 MB, http://www.dcdc.gov.
Green, A., 1991. Deformations in Acanthaster planci from the
Coral Sea, observed during UEA Special Project 7, July 1978. Journal of Pollution Research 14 (7) suppl, CD-ROM, photographic images,
240 MB.
James, Z., 1997. Ecological effects of sea wall construction during 1994 at Bridlington, UK. Listserver Message, Eco-list,
20 October 1995.
The digital object identifier (DOI) may be used to cite and link to electronic documents. The DOI consists of a
unique alpha-numeric character string which is assigned to a document by the publisher upon the initial electronic publication. The assigned
DOI never changes. Therefore, it is an ideal medium for citing a document, particularly 'Articles in press' because they have not yet
received their full bibliographic information.
The correct format for citing a DOI is shown as follows (example taken from a document
in the journal Physics Letters B):
doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2003.10.071
When you use the DOI to create URL hyperlinks
to documents on the web, they are guaranteed never to change.
Text
We accept most word-processing formats, but Word,
WordPerfect or LaTeX is preferred. Always keep a backup copy of the electronic file for reference and safety. Save your files using the
default extension of the program used. Please check the journal's style and arrangement, particularly the reference citation style and
structure of the reference list. Most formatting codes will be removed or replaced on processing your article and so there is no need
for you to use excessive layout styling. In addition, do not use options such as automatic word-breaking, justified layout, double columns
or automatic paragraph numbering (especially for numbered references). However, do use bold face, italics, subscripts, superscripts,
etc.
Please adhere to the following order when you create your manuscript: Title, Authors (please provide the fax number and e-mail
address for each corresponding author), Affiliations, Abstract, Keywords, Main text, Acknowledgements, Appendix, References, Figure legends,
Tables. Do not import the Figures into the text file.
LaTeX documents
The article should preferably be written
using Elsevier's document class "elsart", or alternatively the standard document class "article".
The Elsevier LaTeX package (including
detailed instructions for LaTeX preparation) can be obtained from: http://authors.elsevier.com/latex. It consists of the
files: elsart.cls, guidelines for users of elsart, a template file for quick start, and the instruction booklet "Preparing articles with
LaTeX"."
Illustrations
Preparation of electronic illustrations
General points • Make sure you use uniform lettering
and sizing of your original artwork. • Save text in illustrations as "graphics" or enclose the font. • Only use the
following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Helvetica, Times, Symbol. • Number the illustrations according to their
sequence in the text. • Use a logical naming convention for your artwork files. • Provide all illustrations as separate
files and as hardcopy printouts on separate sheets. • Provide captions to illustrations separately. • Produce images
near to the desired size of the printed version.
You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here. Formats
Regardless of
the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please "save as" or convert the images to one of the following formats
(Note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below.):
EPS: Vector drawings.
Embed the font or save the text as "graphics".
TIFF: Colour or greyscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (colour or greyscale):
a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
DOC, XLS or PPT: If your electronic artwork is created in any of these Microsoft Office applications
please supply "as is".
Please do not: • Supply embedded graphics in your wordprocessor (spreadsheet, presentation) document;
• Supply files that are optimised for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low; • Supply files
that are too low in resolution; • Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
Captions
Ensure that each illustration has a caption. Supply captions separately, not attached to the figure. A caption should comprise a brief
title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain
all symbols and abbreviations used.
Line Drawings
The lettering and symbols, as well as other details, should have proportionate
dimensions, so as not to become illegible or unclear after possible reduction; in general, the figures should be designed for a reduction
factor of two to three. The degree of reduction will be determined by the Publisher. Illustrations will not be enlarged. Consider the
page format of the journal when designing the illustrations.
Photographs (Halftones)
Do not use any type of shading on
computer-generated illustrations.
Remove non-essential areas of a photograph. Do not mount photographs unless they form part of a
composite figure. Where necessary, insert a scale bar in the illustration (not below it), as opposed to giving a magnification factor
in the caption.
Colour illustrations
Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS
Office files) and with the correct resolution. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier
will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the Web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless
of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive
information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. Please indicate your preference for colour in print
or on the Web only. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to "grey scale" (for the printed version
should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition usable black and white versions of all the colour illustrations.
Tables
1. Authors should take note of the limitations set by the size and layout of the journal. A table should not exceed
the printed area of the page. If this appears impossible, reversing columns and rows will often make the impossible possible.
2.
Large tables should be avoided. Foldouts can only be accepted in exceptional cases. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should
be made to divide these over two or more tables. Alternatively, these could be submitted as supplementary material for e-publication
only.
3. Tables should be submitted as a separate source file, and must be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The
text must include references to all tables.
4. Each table must have a brief and self-explanatory title. Column headings should be
brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Units of measurement should be given in parentheses. Vertical lines must not be used to separate
columns - leave extra space between the columns instead.
5. Explanations that are necessary to the understanding of the table should
be given as footnotes at the bottom of the table. A footnote should be indicated by a lower-case letter.
Formulae
1.
All formulae should be presented consistently and clearly with regard to the meaning of each symbol and its correct location.
2.
If there are several unusual symbols they must be collected in a separate list in an appendix, and a clear explanation of each symbol
given. However if there are just a few, an explanation for each can be included in the text where they first occur.
3. Please try
to keep the notation as simple as possible, and avoid ambiguities. Do not use special typefonts if there is no urgent need to do so.
4. Different formulae should be clearly separated in the manuscript, at least by punctuation marks, if not by words. Avoid breaking formulae
if breaking is not strictly necessary (i.e., if the equation is less than one typed line). Never let a sentence consist of formulae alone
(i.e., without any connection with the preceding text).
5. Do not use complicated juxtapositions of symbols. Also, try to avoid complicated
subscripts and superscripts; third-order indices especially present difficulties as to their size and position, and fourth-order indices
are taboo.
6. The manuscript must show a clear distinction between similar symbols, (e.g., between zero (0) and the letter O, between
one (1) and the letter l, and between multiplication ( ) and the letter x).
7. Important formulae (e.g. definitions) must be displayed.
All formulae which are to be referred to later on must be displayed and numbered consecutively throughout the paper; the number should
appear on the right-hand side of the page.
8. In chemical formulae the valence of ions must be given as, for example, Ca2+
and CO32 rather than as Ca++ and CO3--.
9. Isotope numbers should precede the
symbols (e.g., 18O).
GenBank/DNA sequence linking
DNA sequences and GenBank Accession numbers.
Many Elsevier
journals cite "gene accession numbers" in their running text and footnotes. Gene accession numbers refer to genes or DNA sequences about
which further information can be found in the databases at the National Center for Biotechnical Information (NCBI) at the National Library
of Medicine. Elsevier authors wishing to enable other scientists to use the accession numbers cited in their papers via links to these
sources, should type this information in the following manner:
For each and every accession number cited in an article, authors
should type the accession number in bold, underlined text. Letters in the accession number should always be capitalised. (See
Example 1 below). This combination of letters and format will enable Elsevier's typesetters to recognize the relevant texts as accession
numbers and add the required link to GenBank's sequences.
Example 1: "GenBank accession nos. AI631510, AI631511, AI632198, and BF223228),
a B-cell tumor from a chronic lymphatic leukemia (GenBank accession no. BE675048), and a T-cell lymphoma (GenBank accession no. AA361117)".
Authors are encouraged to check accession numbers used very carefully. An error in a letter or number can result in a dead link.
In the final version of the printed article, the accession number text will not appear bold or underlined (see Example 2 below).
Example 2: "GenBank accession nos. AI631510, AI631511, AI632198, and BF223228), a B-cell tumor from a chronic lymphatic leukemia (GenBank
accession no. BE675048), and a T-cell lymphoma (GenBank accession no. AA361117)".
In the final version of the electronic copy, the
accession number text will be linked to the appropriate source in the NCBI databases enabling readers to go directly to that source from
the article (see Example 3 below).
Example 3: "GenBank accession nos. AI631510, AI631511, AI632198, and BF223228), a B-cell tumor
from a chronic lymphatic leukemia (GenBank accession no. BE675048), and a T-cell lymphoma (GenBank accession no. AA361117)".
Footnotes
Footnotes should only be used if absolutely essential. If used, footnotes should be numbered consecutively throughout the manuscript,
indicated by superscript Arabic numbers, and kept as short as possible.
Page proofs
One set of page proofs will be sent
to the corresponding author to be checked for typesetting/editing. Proofs should be returned within 3 days to the Journal of Sea Research
Editorial Office. If authors are expecting to be away from their office when the proofs arrive, arrangements should be made with colleagues
for the proofs to be checked in the author's absence.
Supplementary data
Preparation of supplementary data. Elsevier
accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional
possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips
and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier Web products,
including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable,
please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together
with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit our artwork
instruction pages at http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.
If you require any further information about
electronic submission, please contact:authorsupport@elsevier.com
Copyright
Upon acceptance of an article, authors
will be asked to sign a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' (for more information on this and copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/copyright).
Acceptance of the agreement will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. An e-mail (or letter) will be sent to the corresponding
author confirming receipt of the manuscript together with a 'Journal Publishing Agreement' form or a link to the online version of this
agreement.
Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation
within their institutions. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution and for all other
derivative works, including compilations and translations (please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions).
If excerpts
from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s)
in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: please consult http://www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Funding body agreements and policies
Elsevier has established agreements and developed policies to allow authors who
publish in Elsevier journals to comply with potential manuscript archiving requirements as specified as conditions of their grant awards.
To learn more about existing agreements and policies please visit http://www.elsevier.com/fundingbodies
Online Publication
Your article will appear on Elsevier's online journal database ScienceDirect as an "Article in Press" within approximately 4-6 weeks
of acceptance. Articles in Press for this journal can be viewed at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13851101.
An Article in Press may be cited prior to its publication by means of its unique digital object identifier (DOI) number, which does not
change throughout the publication process.
Reprints
The corresponding author, at no cost, will be provided with a PDF
file of the article via e-mail or, alternatively, 25 free paper offprints. The PDF file is a watermarked version of the published article
and includes a cover sheet with the journal cover image and a disclaimer outlining the terms and conditions of use. Additional paper
offprints can be ordered by the authors. An order form with prices will be sent to the corresponding author.
Author's Discount
Contributors to Elsevier journals are entitled to a 30% discount on most Elsevier books, if ordered directly
from Elsevier.
Authors Services
Authors can keep track of the progress of their accepted article, and set up e-mail alerts
informing them of changes to their manuscript's status, by using the "Track a Paper" feature on the following site http://www.elsevier.com/authors.
Journal of Sea Researchhas no page charges.
