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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
An International Journal

Guide for Authors



Industrial Crops and Products, an International Journal, publishes papers reporting the results of original research, short communications and critical reviews on all aspects of industrial crops and products.

This covers a wide range of aspects of cultivation, crop improvement, crop compounds, processing, and integrated chain control, all focussing on the exploitation of agricultural crops for industrial use.

The scope of the journal covers a vast range of crops and research disciplines. Crops should contain significant renewable resources such as:

• Fibres and fibre compounds

• Carbohydrates

• Oils and fatty acids

• Waxes, resins, gums, rubber, and other polymers

• Proteins

• Essential oils for ink, lubricants, plastics, cosmetics

• Biologically active compounds for pharmaceutical, herbicides and insecticides, and preservatives.

Examples of new or potential crops are agave, cassava, crambe, cuphea, elephant grass, fibre hemp, flax, guar, guayule, jojoba, kenaf, lesquerella, maize, meadowfoam, oil palm, peas, plantago, potato, pyrethrum, rape seed, safflower, soybean, Stokes aster, sugar beet, sunflower, vernonia, and wheat.

Papers within the above indicated frame-work will be accepted if they cover or integrate research on:

• Agronomic production and modelling

• Breeding, genetics, and biotechnology

• Post-harvest treatment and storage

• (Bio)process technology

• (Bio)chemistry

• Product testing, development, and marketing

• Economics, and systems analysis and optimization

Submission of manuscripts
Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher.

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer copyright (for more information on copyright see http://www.elsevier.com/authors). This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided. If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article. Elsevier has preprinted forms for use by authors in these cases: contact ELSEVIER, Rights Department, P.O. Box 800, Oxford, OX5 1DX, UK; phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.com. Requests may also be completed online via the Elsevier homepage (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions)

Submission of manuscripts
PLEASE NOTE: As of January 2006 submission to this journal proceeds totally on-line. Use the following guidelines to prepare your article. Via the External link http://ees.elsevier.com/indcro/ page of this journal, you will be guided stepwise through the creation and uploading of the various files. Once the uploading is done, our system automatically generates an electronic (PDF) proof, which is then used for reviewing. It is crucial that all graphical elements be uploaded in separate files, so that the PDF is suitable for reviewing. Authors can upload their article as a LaTex, Microsoft (MS) Word, WordPerfect, PostScript or Adobe Acrobat PDF document. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revisions, will be by e-mail.

English language help service: Upon request, Elsevier will direct Authors to an agent who can check and improve the English of their paper (before submission). Please contact External link www.elsevier.com/locate/elsevierpublishing for further information.

Types of contribution
1. Original research papers (regular papers)
2. Review articles
3. Short Communications
4. Book Reviews

Original research papers should report the results of original research. The material should not have been previously published elsewhere, except in a preliminary form.
Review articles should cover subjects falling within the scope of the journal which are of active current interest. They may be submitted or invited.
A Short Communication is a concise but complete description of a limited investigation, which will not be included in a later paper. Short Communications should be as completely documented, both by reference to the literature and description of the experimental procedures employed, as a regular paper. They should not occupy more than 4 printed pages (about 8 manuscript pages, including figures, tables and references).


Enquiries
Authors can also keep a track on the progress of their accepted article, and set up e-mail alerts informing them of changes to their manuscript's status, by using the "Track a Paper" feature of Elsevier's External link http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle. For privacy, information on each article is password-protected. The author should key in the "Our Reference" code (which is in the letter of acknowledgment sent by the publisher on receipt of the accepted article) and the name of the corresponding author. In case of problems or questions, authors may contact the Author Service Department, E-mail: authorsupport@elsevier.com.

Preparation of manuscripts
1. Manuscripts should be written in English. Authors whose native language is not English are strongly advised to have their manuscripts checked by an English-speaking colleague prior to submission.
2. The manuscript must be accompanied by a covering letter detailing what you are submitting (type of contribution, title, authors' names and affiliation, etc.). Please also indicate the author to whom we should address our correspondence in the case of multiple authors and include a contact address, telephone/fax numbers and e-mail address.
3. Manuscripts should be with numbered lines.
Every page of the manuscript, including the title page, references, tables, etc. should be numbered.
However, in the text no reference should be made to page numbers; if necessary, one may refer to sections. Avoid excessive usage of italics and bold type to emphasize part of the text.
4. Manuscripts in general should be organized in the following order:
Title (should be clear, descriptive and not too long)
Name(s) of author(s)
Complete postal address(es) of affiliations
Full telephone, fax no. and e-mail address of the corresponding author
Present address(es) of author(s) if applicable
Complete correspondence address to which the proofs should be sent
Abstract
Keywords (indexing terms), normally 3-6 items
Introduction
Material studied, area descriptions, methods, techniques
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments and any additional information concerning research grants, etc.
References
Tables
Figure captions
5. In typing the manuscript, titles and subtitles should not be run within the text. They should be typed on a separate line, without indentation. Use lower-case letter type.
6. SI units should be used.
7. Elsevier reserves the privilege of returning to the author for revision accepted manuscripts and illustrations which are not in the proper form given in this guide.

Abstract
The abstract should be clear, descriptive and not longer than 400 words.

Tables
1. Authors should take notice of the limitations set by the size and lay-out of the journal. Large tables should be avoided.Reversing columns and rows will often reduce the dimensions of a table.
2. If many data are to be presented, an attempt should be made to divide them over two or more tables.
3. Tables should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all tables.
4. Each table should be typewritten on a separate page of the manuscript. Tables should never be included in the text.
5. Each table should have a brief and self-explanatory title.
6. Column headings should be brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Standard abbreviations of units of measurement should be added between parentheses.
7. Vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. Leave some extra space between the columns instead.
8. Any explanation essential to the understanding of the table should be given as a footnote at the bottom of the table.

Illustrations
A detailed guide on electronic artwork is available on our website: External link http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions

You are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.

Formats
Regardless of the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please "save as" or convert the images to one of the following formats (Note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below.):

EPS: Vector drawings. Embed the font or save the text as "graphics".
TIFF: Colour or greyscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (colour or greyscale): a minimum of 500 dpi is required.
DOC, XLS or PPT: If your electronic artwork is created in any of these Microsoft Office applications please supply "as is".

Please do not:
• Supply embedded graphics in your wordprocessor (spreadsheet, presentation) document;
• Supply files that are optimised for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low;
• Supply files that are too low in resolution;
• Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.

Colour Reproduction

Submit colour illustrations as original photographs, high-quality computer prints or transparencies, close to the size expected in publication, or as 35 mm slides. Please make sure that artwork files are in an acceptable format (TIFF, EPS or MS Office files) and with the correct resolution. Polaroid colour prints are not suitable. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. . Please indicate your preference for colour on the web (free of charge) or in print and on the web (charged) when submitting your article. For colour reproduction in print, you will receive information regarding the costs from Elsevier after receipt of your accepted article. For further information on the preparation of electronic artwork, please see http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.

Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to 'grey scale' (for the printed version should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition usable black and white prints corresponding to all the colour illustrations.

References
1. All publications cited in the text should be presented in a list of references following the text of the manuscript. The manuscript should be carefully checked to ensure that the spelling of author's names and dates are exactly the same in the text as in the reference list.
2. In the text refer to the author's name (without initial) and year of publication, followed - if necessary - by a short reference to appropriate pages. Examples: "Since Peterson (1983) has shown that ..." "This is in agreement with results obtained later (Kramer, 1984, pp. 12-16)."
3. If reference is made in the text to a publication written by more than two authors the name of the first author should be used followed by "et al.". This indication, however,should never be used in the list of references. In this list names of first author and co-authors should be mentioned.
4. References cited together in the text should be arranged chronologically. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on authors' names, and chronologically per author. If an author's name in the list is also mentioned with co-authors the following order should be used: publications of the single author, arranged according to publication dates - publications of the same author with one co-author - publications of the author with more than one co-author. Publications by the same author(s) in the same year should be listed as 1984a, 1984b, etc.
5. Use the following system for arranging your references:
a. For periodicals
Murphy, D.J., Richards, D., Taylor, R., Capdevielle, J., Guillemot, J.-C., Grison, R., Fairburn, D., Bowra, S., 1994. Manipulation of seed oil content to produce industrial crops. Ind. Crops Prod. 3, 17-27.
b. For edited symposia, special issues, etc., published in a periodical
Benites, J.R., Ofori, C.S., 1993. Crop production through conservation-effective tillage in the tropics. In: Lal, R. (Ed.), Soil Tillage for Agricultural Sustainability. Proceedings of the 12th Conference of ISTRO, 8-12 July 1991, Ibadan, Nigeria. Soil Tillage Res. 27, 9-33.
c. For books
Russel, E.W., 1973. Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, 10th edn. Longmans, London.
d. For multi-author books
Shahidi, F., Naczk, M., 1990. Removal of Glucosinolates and other antinutrients from canola and rapeseed by methanol/ammonia processing. In: Shahidi, F. (Ed.), Canola and Rapeseed, Chemistry, Nutrition and Processing Technology. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 291-306.
6. Abbreviate the title of periodicals mentioned in the list of references according to the International List of Periodical Title Word Abbreviations.
7. In the case of publications in any language other than English, the original title is to be retained. However, the titles of publications in non-Latin alphabets should be transliterated, and a notation such as "(in Russian)" or "(in Greek with English abstract)" should be added.
8. Work accepted for publication but not yet published should be referred to as "in press".
9. References concerning unpublished data and "personal communications" should not be cited in the reference list but may be mentioned in the text.

Formulae
1. Formulae should be typewritten, if possible. Leave ample space around the formulae.
2. Subscripts and superscripts should be clear and not too small.
3. Greek letters and other non-Latin or handwritten symbols should be explained in the margin where they are first used. Take special care to show clearly the difference between zero (0) and the letter O, and between one (1) and the letter l.
4. Give the meaning of all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first used.
5. For simple fractions use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line.
6. Equations should be numbered serially at the right-hand side in parentheses. In general only equations explicitly referred to in the text need be numbered.
7. The use of fractional powers instead of root signs is recommended. Also powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp.
8. Levels of statistical significance which can be mentioned without further explanation are *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.
9. In chemical formulae, valence of ions should be given as, e.g., Ca2+ not as Ca++ .
10. Isotope numbers should precede the symbols, e.g., 18O.
11. The repeated writing of chemical formulae in the text is to be avoided where reasonably possible; instead, the name of the compound should be given in full. Exceptions may be made in the case of a very long name occurring very frequently or in the case of a compound being described as the end product of a gravimetric determination (e.g., phosphate as P2O5).

Footnotes
1. Footnotes should only be used if absolutely essential. In most cases it will be possible to incorporate the information in normal text.
2. If used, they should be numbered in the text, indicated by superscript numbers, and kept as short as possible.

Nomenclature
1. Authors and editors are, by general agreement, obliged to accept the rules governing biological nomenclature, as laid down in the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
2. All biotica (crops, plants, insects, birds, mammals, etc.) should be identified by their scientific names when the English term is first used, with the exception of common domestic animals.
3. All biocides and other organic compounds must be identified by their Geneva names when first used in the text. Active ingredients of all formulations should be likewise identified.
4. For chemical nomenclature, the conventions of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and the official recommendations of the IUPAC-IUB Combined Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature should be followed.

Supplementary data

Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets, sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is directly usable, please ensure that data is provided in one of our recommended file formats. Authors should submit the material in electronic format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit External link http://www.elsevier.com/authors.

Proofs
When your manuscript is received at the Publisher it is considered to be in its final form. Proofs are not to be regarded as 'drafts'.

One set of page proofs in PDF format will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author, to be checked for typesetting/editing. No changes in, or additions to, the accepted (and subsequently edited) manuscript will be allowed at this stage. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.

A form with queries from the copy editor may accompany your proofs. Please answer all queries and make any corrections or additions required.

The Publisher reserves the right to proceed with publication if corrections are not communicated. Return corrections within two working days of receipt of the proofs. Should there be no corrections, please confirm this.

Elsevier will do everything possible to get your article corrected and published as quickly and accurately as possible. In order to do this we need your help. When you receive the (PDF) proof of your article for correction, it is important to ensure that all of your corrections are sent back to us in one communication. Subsequent corrections will not be possible, so please ensure your first sending is complete. Note that this does not mean you have any less time to make your corrections, just that only one set of corrections will be accepted.

Offprints
1. Twenty five offprints will be supplied free of charge.
2. Additional offprints can be ordered on an offprint order form, which is included with the proofs.
3. UNESCO coupons are acceptable in payment of extra offprints.

Industrial Crops and Products carries no page charges.

28 February 2007
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