The purpose of the series is to present invited, informative and critical reviews of recent advances in different
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in Biophysics & Molecular Biology is wide and of interest to scientists in many disciplines, authors should treat their subject
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Elsevier is now publishing all manuscripts using electronic production methods, and therefore needs to receive the electronic files of your article with two hard copies of the accepted version
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We
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one may refer to sections. Underline words that should be in italics, and do not underline any other words. Avoid excessive usage of
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4. Authors should provide a separate cover page including:
Type of contribution
Date
of preparation, number of text pages, number of tables, figures etc.
Title (should be clear, descriptive and not too long)
Names
of authors
Complete postal address(es) or affiliations
Full telephone, Fax No. and E-mail address of the corresponding author
Present addresses of authors if applicable
Complete correspondence address to which the proofs should be sent as a footnote indicated
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Special instructions to the printer such as: (a) magnification of photographs, (b) layout of figures, (c) unusual
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journal the order in which the papers are to appear should be indicated.
5. In typing the manuscript, titles and subtitles should
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order headings should be numbered.
6. SI units should be used, but authors may include conversions for unfamiliar units (1 bar=0.1
MPa). Do not include periods. Note the following conventions: e.g. not eg., rev min-1 not rpm, mg kg-1 or l-1
not ppm, 1 bar equals 0.1 MPa, round off units to eliminate unnecessary decimal places, e.g. 124 μ not 0.124 mm (note space between
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3 mg cm-3 not three mg per cubic cm, 23°C and 23% (no spaces), (Keating et al., 1996) not (Keating et al, 1996), al. is
an abbreviation of alii (others - Latin). Molar concentrations should appear in small caps.
7. Abbreviations may be used for unwieldy
names which occur frequently and such abbreviations must be defined the first time they occur in the text. Conventional abbreviations,
e.g. EDTA, ATP, 2,4-D should be used in preference to freshly coined ones.
8. If a special instruction to the copy editor or typesetter
is written on the copy, it should be encircled. The typesetter will then know that the enclosed matter is not to be set in type. When
a typewritten character may have more than one meaning (e.g., the lower case letter l may be confused with the numeral 1), a note should
be inserted in a circle in the margin to make the meaning clear to the typesetter. If Greek letters or uncommon symbols are used in the
manuscript, they should be written very clearly, and if necessary a note such as "Greek lower-case chi" should be put in the margin and
encircled.
9. Elsevier reserves the privilege of returning to the author for revision accepted manuscripts and illustrations which
are not in the proper form given in this guide. On arrival at the Editorial Office, papers will be checked to determine if they conform
to the style and format for Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology. Papers that do not comply may be returned to the
corresponding author with a check list detailing faults and omissions.
10. Avoid new or uncommon acronyms. Use single letters (Greek,
Roman, italic) for variables with subscripts as appropriate.
Title
This should be clear, descriptive and brief. Avoid
non-specific phrases such as "A study of..." or "The effects of...". Do not give the title a numbered subtitle or series number.
Abstract
The abstract should not be longer than 250 words. It should succinctly summarise the content, scope and applications
of the review.
Keywords
Keywords are index terms or descriptions for information retrieval systems. Words selected should
reflect the essential topics of the article and may be taken from both the title and the text. Up to 5 relevant keywords should be incorporated.
Tables
1. Authors should take notice of the limitations set by the size and lay-out of the journal. Large tables should
be avoided. Reversing columns and rows will often reduce the dimensions of a table.
2. If many data are to be presented, an attempt
should be made to divide them over two or more tables.
3. Drawn tables, from which blocks need to be made, should not be folded.
4. Tables should be numbered according to their sequence in the text. The text should include references to all tables.
5. Each
table should be typewritten on a separate page of the manuscript. Tables should never be included in the text.
6. Tables and their
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self-explanatory title.
7. Column headings should be brief, but sufficiently explanatory. Standard abbreviations of units of measurement
should be added between parentheses.
8. Vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. Leave some extra space between the
columns instead.
9. Any explanation essential to the understanding of the table should be given as a footnote at the bottom of the
table.
10. Zero results must be represented by 0 and no determination by ND; the dash sign (-) is ambiguous. Report data in such
a way that readers can assess the degree of experimental variation and estimate the variability or precision of the findings. Use the
standard deviation SD and the mean to summarise data and to show the variability among individuals. Use the standard error of the mean
SEM to show the precision of the sample mean. Always state the number of measurements on which means are based. In tables and figures
use asterisks to indicate probability values (P). In footnotes or text show the degree of significance of P, e.g. P <0.05*.
Illustrations
1. All illustrations (line drawings and photographs) should be submitted separately, unmounted
and not folded. They should be camera ready. Proportion figure and tables to fit 75-mm or 160-mm column widths.
Note that all invited
reviews may have two gratis pages of colour artwork.
2. Illustrations should be numbered according to their sequence in the text.
References should be made in the text to each illustration.
3. Each illustration should be identified on the reverse side (or -
in the case of line drawings - on the lower front side) by its number and the name of the author. An indication of the top of the illustrations
is required in photographs of profiles, thin sections, and other cases where doubt can arise.
4. Illustrations should be designed
with the format of the page of the journal in mind. Illustrations should be of such a size as to allow a reduction of 50%.
5. Lettering
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becoming illegible. The lettering should be in English. Use the same kind of lettering throughout in a sans serif typeface (e.g. Helvetica,
Arial, Univers, Swiss etc.)
6. If a scale should be given, use bar scales on all illustrations instead of numerical scales that
must be changed with reduction.
7. Each illustration should have a caption. The captions to all illustrations should be typed in
sequence on a separate sheet of the manuscript.
8. Explanations should be given in the typewritten legend. Drawn text in the illustrations
should be kept to a minimum.
9. Photographs are only acceptable if they have good contrast and intensity. Sharp and glossy copies
are required. Reproductions of photographs already printed cannot be accepted.
Preparation of electronic illustrations
Submitting your artwork in an electronic format helps us to produce your work to the best possible standards, ensuring accuracy, clarity
and a high level of detail.
• Always supply high-quality printouts of your artwork, in case conversion of the electronic artwork
is problematic. • Make sure you use uniform lettering and sizing of your original artwork. • Save text in illustrations
as "graphics" or enclose the font. • Only use the following fonts in your illustrations: Arial, Courier, Helvetica, Times, Symbol.
• Number the illustrations according to their sequence in the text. • Use a logical naming convention for your artwork
files, and supply a separate listing of the files and the software used. • Provide all illustrations as separate files and as
hardcopy printouts on separate sheets. • Provide captions to illustrations separately. • Produce images near to the
desired size of the printed version.
Files can be stored on 3½ inch diskette, ZIP-disk or CD (either MS-DOS or Macintosh).
You
are urged to visit this site; some excerpts from the detailed information are given here.
Formats
Regardless of
the application used, when your electronic artwork is finalised, please "save as" or convert the images to one of the following formats
(Note the resolution requirements for line drawings, halftones, and line/halftone combinations given below.):
EPS: Vector drawings.
Embed the font or save the text as "graphics".
TIFF: Colour or greyscale photographs (halftones): always use a minimum of 300 dpi.
TIFF: Bitmapped line drawings: use a minimum of 1000 dpi.
TIFF: Combinations bitmapped line/half-tone (colour or greyscale): a minimum
of 500 dpi is required.
DOC, XLS or PPT: If your electronic artwork is created in any of these Microsoft Office applications please
supply "as is".
Please do not: • Supply embedded graphics in your wordprocessor (spreadsheet, presentation) document;
• Supply files that are optimised for screen use (like GIF, BMP, PICT, WPG); the resolution is too low; • Supply files
that are too low in resolution; • Submit graphics that are disproportionately large for the content.
Colour Reproduction
Submit colour illustrations as original photographs, high-quality computer prints or transparencies, close to the size expected in publication,
or as 35 mm slides. Polaroid colour prints are not suitable. If, together with your accepted article, you submit usable colour figures
then Elsevier will ensure, at no additional charge, that these figures will appear in colour on the web (e.g., ScienceDirect and other
sites) regardless of whether or not these illustrations are reproduced in colour in the printed version. For colour reproduction
in print, authors will be allowed a maximum of two colour figures free of charge at the discretion of the Editors. Additional colour
figures will be charged at standard Elsevier rates.
Please note: Because of technical complications which can arise by converting colour figures to 'grey scale' (for the printed version
should you not opt for colour in print) please submit in addition usable black and white prints corresponding to all the colour illustrations.
References Note: Authors are strongly encouraged to check the accuracy of each reference against its original source.
1. All publications cited in the text should be presented in a list of references following the text of the manuscript. The manuscript
should be carefully checked to ensure that the spelling of author's names and dates are exactly the same in the text as in the reference
list.
2. In the text refer to the author's name (without initial) and year of publication, followed - if necessary - by a short
reference to appropriate pages. Examples: "Since Peterson (1988) has shown that..." "This is in agreement with results obtained later
(Kramer,1989, pp. 12-16)".
3. If reference is made in the text to a publication written by more than two authors the name of the
first author should be used followed by "et al.". This indication, however, should never be used in the list of references. In this list
names of first author and co-authors should be mentioned.
4. References cited together in the text should be arranged chronologically.
The list of references should be arranged alphabetically on authors' names, and chronologically per author. If an author's name in the
list is also mentioned with co-authors the following order should be used: publications of the single author, arranged according to publication
dates -- publications of the same author with one co-author -- publications of the author with more than one co-author. Publications
by the same author(s) in the same year should be listed as 1974a, 1974b, etc.
5. Use the following system for arranging your references,
please note the proper position of the punctuation:
a. For periodicals
Zelles, L., Bai, Q.Y., Beck, T., Beese, F.,
1992. Signature fatty acids in phospholipids and lipoolysaccharides as indicators of microbial biomass and community structure in agricultural
soils. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 24, 317-323.
b. For edited symposia, special issues, etc., published in a periodical
Rice, K., 1992. Theory and conceptual issues. In: Gall, G.A.E., Staton, M. (Eds.), Integrating Conservation Biology and Agricultural
Production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 42, 9-26.
c. For books
Gaugh, Jr., H.G., 1992. Statistical Analysis
of Regional Field Trials. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 278 pp.
d. For multi-author books
DeLacy, I.H., Cooper, M., Lawrence,
P.K., 1990. Pattern analysis over years of regional variety trials: relationship among sites. In: Kang, M.S. (Ed.), Genotype by Environment
Interaction and Plant Breeding. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, pp. 189-213.
6. In the case of publications in any
language other than English, the original title is to be retained. However, the titles of publications in non-Roman alphabets should
be transliterated, and a notation such as "(in Russian)" or "(in Greek, with English abstract)" should be added.
7. Work accepted
for publication but not yet published should be referred to as "in press". Authors should provide evidence (such as a copy of the letter
of acceptance).
8. References concerning unpublished data, theses, and "personal communications" should not be cited in the reference
list but may be mentioned in the text.
Formulae
1. Formulae should be typewritten, if possible. Leave ample space around
the formulae.
2. Subscripts and superscripts should be clear.
3. Greek letters and other non-Roman or handwritten symbols should
be explained in the margin where they are first used. Take special care to show clearly the difference between zero (0) and the letter
O, and between one (1) and the letter l.
4. Give the meaning of all symbols immediately after the equation in which they are first
used.
5. For simple fractions use the solidus (/) instead of a horizontal line.
6. Equations should be numbered serially at
the right-hand side in parentheses. In general only equations explicitly referred to in the text need be numbered.
7. The use of
fractional powers instead of root signs is recommended. Also powers of e are often more conveniently denoted by exp.
8. Levels
of statistical significance which can be mentioned without further explanation are *P <0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P <0.001.
9. In chemical formulae, valence of ions should be given as, e.g., Ca2+, not as Ca++.
10.
Isotope numbers should precede the symbols, e.g., 18O.
Footnotes
Footnotes should only be used to provide
addresses of authors or to provide explanations essential to the understanding of Tables.
Nomenclature
1. Authors and
editors are, by general agreement, obliged to accept the rules governing biological nomenclature, as laid down in the International Code
of Botanical Nomenclature, the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
2. All organisms should be identified by their scientific names when the English term is first used, with the exception of common domestic
animals. The authority of a species should only be given in the Materials and Methods section.
3. All biocides and other organic
compounds must be identified by their Geneva names when first used in the text. Active ingredients of all formulations should be likewise
identified.
4. For chemical nomenclature, the conventions of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and the official
recommendations of the IUPAC-IUB Combined Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature should be followed.
Supplementary data
Elsevier now accepts electronic supplementary material to support and enhance your scientific research. Supplementary files offer the
author additional possibilities to publish supporting applications, movies, animation sequences, high-resolution images, background datasets,
sound clips and more. Supplementary files supplied will be published online alongside the electronic version of your article in Elsevier
web products, including ScienceDirect: http://www.sciencedirect.com. In order to ensure that your submitted material is
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format together with the article and supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file. For more detailed instructions please visit
http://www.elsevier.com/authors.
Enquiries
For enquiries relating to the submission for articles (including
electronic submission where available) please visit this journal's homepage at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/pbiomolbio.
You can track accepted articles at http://www.elsevier.com/trackarticle and set up e-mail alerts to inform you of when an
article's status has changed, as well as copyright information, frequently asked questions and more.
US National Institutes of
Health (NIH) voluntary posting ('Public Access') policy
Special Subject Repositories
Certain repositories such
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Articles accepted for publication in an Elsevier journal from authors who have indicated that the underlying research reported in their
articles was supported by an NIH grant will be sent by Elsevier to PMC for public access posting 12 months after final publication.
The version of the article provided by Elsevier will include peer-review comments incorporated by the author into the article. Because
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out' and not deposit to PMC, you may indicate this by sending an e-mail to NIHauthorrequest@elsevier.com
Proofs
When your manuscript is received at the Publisher it is considered to be in its final form. Proofs are not to be regarded as 'drafts'.
One set of page proofs in PDF format will be sent by e-mail to the corresponding author, to be checked for typesetting/editing. No changes
in, or additions to, the accepted (and subsequently edited) manuscript will be allowed at this stage. Proofreading is solely your responsibility.
A form with queries from the copy editor may accompany your proofs. Please answer all queries and make any corrections or additions
required.
The Publisher reserves the right to proceed with publication if corrections are not communicated. Return corrections within
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Elsevier will do everything possible
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Subsequent corrections will not be possible, so please ensure your first sending is complete. Note that this does not mean you have any
less time to make your corrections, just that only one set of corrections will be accepted.
Offprints
1. Twenty-five
offprints for regular papers will be supplied free of charge.
2. Additional offprints can be ordered on an offprint order form,
which is included with the proofs.
3. UNESCO coupons are acceptable in payment of extra offprints.
Progress in
Biophysics and Molecular Biology does not have page charges
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